Indian 'mandors' not the real problem
COMMENT | The Malaysian Indian People's Party (MIPP) deputy president S Subramaniam has suggested that Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim head the Indian Community Action Committee (ICAC) rather than appointing Indian 'mandors' from PKR or the Pakatan Harapan-led coalition.
The British planters used the 'mandor' system during the colonial period, in which Indian 'mandors' or supervisors were appointed to manage the labour affairs.
The 'mandors' might be South Indian Tamil, but they took instructions from the white managers in managing labour affairs in the plantations.
Unlike the Chinese 'kepala' who had the material interest of Chinese labour, the Indian 'mandors' functioned on behalf of the plantation bosses.
My book on plantation labour describes in detail why...
Hashtags
Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles
Focus Malaysia
26 minutes ago
- Focus Malaysia
Social protection programmes key to poverty reduction
MALAYSIA has stepped up efforts to reduce poverty in recent years through targeted social protection programmes, particularly those aimed at the B40 income category. However, the effectiveness and breadth of these programmes are called into question since growing living expenses continue to strain all income levels, including M40. The B40 in Malaysia's social protection environment Targeted assistance for the Bottom 40% (B40) income group is the central tenet of Malaysia's approach to reducing poverty. Programmes like Bantuan Sara Hidup (BSH), Bantuan Prihatin Rakyat (BPR), and the more recent measures unveiled in Budget 2025 aim to help low-income households cope with the rising cost of living. These initiatives provide needy families short-term financial relief through subsidies, housing assistance and cash help. The Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) statistics, however, show that although these programmes provide short-term respite, they cannot significantly improve families' long-term economic standing. A recent report from DOSM states that the average income of B40 has increased by only 1.5% per year, which is not enough to keep up with inflation. Many people still have limited purchasing power as a result, particularly given the sharp increase in the price of food and housing. As such, Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim has underlined the government's will to address these problems, promising to lower costs and increase accessibility to necessities to ease financial burdens. Critics contend that monetary distributions could not alleviate underlying economic inequities despite these guarantees. 'Malaysia's B40 will continue to face an uphill struggle against poverty without structural reforms in education, employment, and wage policies,' one economist noted. Global social protection models: Achievements and insights for Malaysia Various social protection regimes worldwide have successfully reduced poverty, particularly when multifaceted and sustainable approaches are used. One programme generally commended for decreasing severe poverty is Brazil's Bolsa Família, which goes beyond cash transfers by requiring families to comply with health and education standards. This strategy has broken the cycle of inter-generational poverty, which has had a profoundly positive effect. Another practical example is the Basic Livelihood Security Program (BLSP) in South Korea, which combines financial help with housing assistance, skill development, and job support. By linking financial aid to social services and job training, the BLSP has decreased poverty rates and enhanced recipients' capacity to find steady work, encouraging long-term independence. South Korea's strategy emphasises the necessity of a comprehensive social safety net that fosters employment and skill development. Similarly, the European Union's 'Active Inclusion' approach supports beneficiaries by combining labour market reforms with social protection, offering financial assistance and work placements. Malaysian approach gaps: Going beyond financial aid Though Malaysia's B40 initiatives offer much-needed financial assistance, they don't have the same cohesive structure as nations like Brazil and South Korea. Due to the lack of a multifaceted strategy, B40 beneficiaries' ability to achieve economic independence is restricted. The main drawback is that Malaysia's social security system primarily uses short-term financial assistance to combat poverty rather than focusing on long-term empowerment initiatives. On the other hand, effective schemes, such as the BLSP in South Korea, strongly emphasise developing human capital, providing work opportunities and skill training to recipients as part of their social benefits. Another gap is the availability of affordable housing. Although Malaysian authorities have started projects to provide inexpensive housing, they are frequently focused in metropolitan areas where demand outpaces supply, underserving rural and peri-urban locations. Future directions for Malaysia: Establishing a Comprehensive social safety system Motivated by South Kore's BLSP and Brazil's Bolsa Família, Malaysia might benefit from implementing a more all-encompassing strategy that incorporates job assistance and skill development to improve the efficacy of social security. Working with social services and career development programmes might pave the way for the B40 to become resilient and financially independent. Furthermore, prioritising accessible education and universal healthcare will guarantee that fundamental necessities are satisfied, lessening the financial burden on low-income households. These steps would align with international best practices, calling governments to establish safety nets that do more than alleviate acute misery. Finally, increasing social protection in underprivileged regions might improve living conditions for low-income people in rural and urban areas, addressing regional disparity concerns. When Malaysia prepares for Budget 2025, adding these components might turn the B40 support system into a cornerstone for long-term, sustainable poverty alleviation. Using holistic reform to close the gap A move towards a more integrated strategy might enhance results for the B40 and beyond as Malaysia's social protection programmes continue to develop. As demonstrated by international examples, providing routes to education, work, and self-sufficiency is necessary to reduce poverty effectively. If these all-inclusive models are emulated, all Malaysians might gain from the country's progress, which could help Malaysia close the gap in economic inequality. ‒ June 20, 2025 The author is the Director of the Ungku Aziz Centre for Development Studies, Universiti Malaya. The views expressed are solely of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Focus Malaysia. Main image: Bernama
The Star
28 minutes ago
- The Star
Myanmar junta battles guerillas for control of jade hub
Jade is considered auspicious in Chinese culture and high-quality stones can fetch astronomical sums. - Reuters YANGON: Myanmar's junta and anti-coup guerillas battled over the country's jade mining hub Friday (June 20), a combatant and a local said, displacing desperate civilians as they vied for supplies of the precious stone. Myanmar has been consumed by a many-sided civil war since a 2021 coup toppled the democratic government, with the myriad of fighting factions plundering the nation's vast natural resources to fill their coffers. Jade is considered auspicious in Chinese culture and high-quality stones can fetch astronomical sums. Fighting has raged during a Myanmar military offensive around villages and mining sites in Hpakant township of northern Kachin state, according to Naw Bu, spokesman of the Kachin Independence Army battling the junta in the area. "They came to the jade mining areas of some companies and they burned down trucks and destroyed other things," he added. "They intended to stop our income from jade mining." AFP was not able to verify the claim and a spokesman for Myanmar's junta could not be reached for comment. Battles in the area began around three weeks ago but continued in the early hours of Friday, Naw Bu said. A local resident who asked to remain anonymous said around 15 civilians had been killed since May 28 and "some residents didn't dare to stay in the combat zone and have been displaced". As Myanmar's civil war enters its fifth year, more than 3.5 million people in the country of around 50 million are currently displaced, according to United Nations figures. Kachin state hosts the largest jade deposits in the world according to geologists. Myanmar also has a huge and loosely-regulated mining sector for gold, rubies and rare earth minerals which has flourished in the war. China is also a key market for rare earth minerals, where they are used in electric vehicles the country is producing at prodigious rates. - AFP
![PM: We're cutting debt gradually to keep investors' trust [WATCH]](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.nst.com.my%2Fassets%2FNST-Logo%402x.png%3Fid%3Db37a17055cb1ffea01f5&w=48&q=75){kind=small}
New Straits Times
35 minutes ago
- New Straits Times
PM: We're cutting debt gradually to keep investors' trust [WATCH]
PUTRAJAYA: The government is committed to gradually reducing the national debt while safeguarding economic growth and maintaining investor confidence, said Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim. In his address at the Finance Ministry's monthly assembly, Anwar said efforts had been ongoing to reduce the fiscal deficit from 5.5 per cent in 2022 to a projected 3.8 per cent this year. "Some people ask why we must reduce it so sharply — why not just channel more to the people? "But if we don't, we lose trust from investors, and trust is critical. Leadership and economic stewardship require making policies we genuinely believe in. "With trust comes the ability to solve wider issues — from revenue generation and job creation, to overall economic development," he said. Anwar, who is also the finance minister, rejected claims that the government's focus on reducing debt came at the expense of the people's welfare, saying it was part of a long‑term strategy that required prudent and measured management. He said the total national debt had decreased from RM100 billion in 2022 to RM90 billion in 2023, RM85 billion in 2024, and was expected to drop to RM80 billion this year. "Since we came into office in 2022, we have reduced the debt by RM20 billion," he said. Anwar added that resolving the national debt could not be done hastily, and required patience and a gradual approach. "It's like when a son inherits a company after his father's death and finds RM50,000 in debts. He can't wipe it out in a year — it has to be resolved step by step," he said. In March, Finance Minister II Datuk Seri Amir Hamzah Azizan announced the government's commitment to reducing the fiscal deficit to 3.8 per cent in 2025, in line with its long‑term goal of bringing it down gradually and consistently — from 5.5 per cent in 2022, to five per cent in 2023, and 4.1 per cent last year. He said this approach would also slow the rise in total debt by reducing new borrowings each year — from nearly RM100 billion in 2022, to RM92.6 billion in 2023, and roughly RM77 billion last year.
