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Astrophysicist Dr Mitra is guest at Explained.Live event today

Astrophysicist Dr Mitra is guest at Explained.Live event today

Indian Express8 hours ago
With a string of high-profile successes in recent years, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has firmly established itself amongst the front-ranking space agencies of the world. It is now engaged in cutting edge space science and research, in planetary explorations, as well as in development and deployment of new space technologies.
It was not always like this. Till very recently, India used to be ridiculed for its space ambitions. It faced technology sanctions multiple times, which delayed its space programmes.
Its successes were often acknowledged only for being cheaper than the competition. ISRO was said to be just reinventing the wheel, not doing anything original.
But, as the successes of the last few years have shown, none of this could prevent India's emergence as one of the most advanced space-faring nations of the world. The successes have also been able to change the global perception of ISRO. The US, which at various times in the past had denied critical technologies to ISRO, now has entered into a strategic partnership on space with India. Just last month, the two countries launched a unique and ambitious joint mission that will result in the most sophisticated satellite-based imaging of the Earth.
Space is one rare technology sector where India can legitimately claim to be one of the front-runners. This, despite the fact, that the space establishment of India has operated with limited resources, both in terms of capital and manpower. But how did this happen? Are ISRO's capabilities really at par with space agencies of the US or China? What are the challenges that ISRO faces as it embarks on even bolder missions in the coming years? Are there learnings from ISRO for other technology sectors?
To discuss these, and other related issues, The Indian Express has invited Dr Mila Mitra for an Explained.Live event on Wednesday. An astrophysicist, Dr Mitra worked as support scientist on several satellite missions at NASA.
She is the co-founder and academic head of STEM & Space, an education company that works to popularise science, particularly space sciences, among school children. Dr Mitra will be in conversation with Amitabh Sinha, editor, climate and science, at The Indian Express.
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Wastewater surveillance, key tool to spy on diseases, will now cover 50 cities: How will this help prevent outbreaks?
Wastewater surveillance, key tool to spy on diseases, will now cover 50 cities: How will this help prevent outbreaks?

Indian Express

time4 hours ago

  • Indian Express

Wastewater surveillance, key tool to spy on diseases, will now cover 50 cities: How will this help prevent outbreaks?

A key public health tool that is crucial to monitor infectious diseases, and identify outbreak trends early, is being strengthened to cover more areas and identify more infections. Wastewater surveillance, which is currently used for polio and Covid-19, is now being deployed to monitor more commonly reported symptoms caused by several pathogens, such as fever, diarrhoea, acute encephalitis syndrome (inflammation of the brain), and respiratory distress. 'We have been doing wastewater surveillance for polio for years. After the pandemic, similar surveillance for Covid-19 was also started in five cities. This will be expanded to ten pathogens across 50 cities over the next six months,' Dr Rajiv Bahl, Director-General of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), told The Indian Express. Why is this coverage arc significant? Such an expansion has significant public health implications since it is being done with the aim of detecting potential outbreaks early, as well as identifying unusual patterns that may indicate a public health concern. The surveillance will also study patterns of antimicrobial resistance — a global public health threat — that results in the drugs becoming less effective, making it difficult to treat infections. At present, tracking changes in the susceptibility of different pathogens to available antimicrobials is being done through a network of 60 hospitals across the country. 'Now, rather than conducting culture studies only on patients coming to these hospitals, these will also be studied in wastewater,' said Dr Bahl. While antimicrobial resistance surveillance through a hospital network can provide important trends on which drug continues to work for which disease, it cannot track resistance patterns in the community. Wastewater surveillance, on the other hand, can capture these patterns — even in those who might not go to a hospital for treatment. How will the surveillance be carried out? The enhanced surveillance will be carried out through the ICMR's (Indian Council of Medical Research) flagship national network of Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratories: specialised facilities that focus on the diagnosis, research and surveillance of viral diseases. In the next few months, these laboratories will supplement the findings from patient samples with surveillance of pathogens discharged in wastewater. What's the current surveillance status in India? There is already strong syndromic surveillance for respiratory infections and influenza-like illnesses — instituted after the 2009 swine flu pandemic and strengthened during Covid-19. Around 1,500 samples from patients, who go to hospitals with respiratory symptoms, are tested every week through this national network of laboratories, according to Dr Bahl. Earlier, the network passively monitored whatever samples were sent by the hospitals but now the labs actively seek out the samples needed to maintain surveillance. This helps keep an eye on which respiratory diseases — viral infections such as Covid-19, H1N1, or RSV — are in circulation. It also helps pre-empt outbreaks, allowing the public health system, hospitals, and clinics to prepare for them. Similar syndromic surveillance for fevers, diarrhoea and encephalitis has been initiated recently through the laboratory network. Now, the surveillance will be expanded to wastewater in the coming months. Such surveillance also helps in quickly identifying the pathogen that might be causing an infection by checking the samples for common pathogens that can cause a disease — instead of testing for them one by one. 'And, if we cannot detect the pathogen, then genomic sequencing can be done to find what is causing an outbreak,' said Dr Bahl. Wastewater surveillance proved to be an effective tool in tracking Covid-19. A study from Mumbai shows that the pathogen was detected in wastewater up to three weeks before clinical diagnosis of cases. Another study from Pune showed that silent waves of Covid-19 after the Omicron wave could be detected in wastewater. The XBB variant was detected 130–253 days before it was clinically identified in patients.

Astrophysicist Dr Mitra is guest at Explained.Live event today
Astrophysicist Dr Mitra is guest at Explained.Live event today

Indian Express

time8 hours ago

  • Indian Express

Astrophysicist Dr Mitra is guest at Explained.Live event today

With a string of high-profile successes in recent years, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has firmly established itself amongst the front-ranking space agencies of the world. It is now engaged in cutting edge space science and research, in planetary explorations, as well as in development and deployment of new space technologies. It was not always like this. Till very recently, India used to be ridiculed for its space ambitions. It faced technology sanctions multiple times, which delayed its space programmes. Its successes were often acknowledged only for being cheaper than the competition. ISRO was said to be just reinventing the wheel, not doing anything original. But, as the successes of the last few years have shown, none of this could prevent India's emergence as one of the most advanced space-faring nations of the world. The successes have also been able to change the global perception of ISRO. The US, which at various times in the past had denied critical technologies to ISRO, now has entered into a strategic partnership on space with India. Just last month, the two countries launched a unique and ambitious joint mission that will result in the most sophisticated satellite-based imaging of the Earth. Space is one rare technology sector where India can legitimately claim to be one of the front-runners. This, despite the fact, that the space establishment of India has operated with limited resources, both in terms of capital and manpower. But how did this happen? Are ISRO's capabilities really at par with space agencies of the US or China? What are the challenges that ISRO faces as it embarks on even bolder missions in the coming years? Are there learnings from ISRO for other technology sectors? To discuss these, and other related issues, The Indian Express has invited Dr Mila Mitra for an event on Wednesday. An astrophysicist, Dr Mitra worked as support scientist on several satellite missions at NASA. She is the co-founder and academic head of STEM & Space, an education company that works to popularise science, particularly space sciences, among school children. Dr Mitra will be in conversation with Amitabh Sinha, editor, climate and science, at The Indian Express.

Nat'l Space Day held at city college
Nat'l Space Day held at city college

Time of India

time12 hours ago

  • Time of India

Nat'l Space Day held at city college

Patna: Patna Women's College (PWC) in collaboration with New Space India Limited (NSIL), a wing of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), on Tuesday celebrated National Space Day 2025, highlighting India's landmark achievements in space exploration and looking ahead to the exciting missions aimed at pushing the frontiers of science and innovation. Prominent among those who addressed the students included ISRO's programme director Jaswinder Singh Khoral, NSIL's technical and strategic director A Arunachalam, ISRO's former scientific secretary Shantanu Bhatawadekar and Nav Nalanda Mahavihara University's vice-chancellor Siddharth Singh. PWC principal Sister M Rashmi presided. A special highlight of the day was the screening of the documentary 'Triumph and Voyages of Chandrayaan-3', which captured India's pride in its lunar exploration milestone. The program also included a quiz competition and an interactive question-answer session, where students had the unique opportunity to engage directly with the distinguished scientists. Stay updated with the latest local news from your city on Times of India (TOI). Check upcoming bank holidays , public holidays , and current gold rates and silver prices in your area.

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