The 10 signs of ‘brain swelling' sloth fever which could be spread by sex after cases spotted in UK for the first time
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THE UK has reported its first-ever cases of flu-like 'sloth fever'.
Three people tested positive for the disease, officially called Oropouche virus, between January and June 2025, new data from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) says.
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Little is known about Oropouche, also called 'sloth fever'
Credit: Getty
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Despite the name, the disease is spread via mosquito
Credit: Getty
The little-known virus, spread to humans by mosquitoes and biting midges - unlike the name suggests - was also reported in Europe last summer for the first time after it started spreading rapidly in Latin America.
Historically, Oropouche was confined to within the Amazon basin in South America, including Brazil, Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, and Panama.
In 2024, outbreaks also appeared in these regions as well as in Cuba and Barbados, the likely source of some of the 19 cases of sloth fever reported in Europe last year.
The first cases of the oropouche in the UK were all linked to travel from Brazil, the UKHSA said.
The bug typically circulates between primates, including sloths - hence the nickname - before it is occasionally passed to humans by the critters.
Mosquitos and midges found in the UK and wider Europe do not currently spread Oropouche virus disease.
Until last year, experts didn't think the virus could spread from person to person.
But a study published by Italian scientists in December suggested it could spread in semen, sparking concerns about possible sexual transmission.
Scientists are currently investigating whether the infection can be passed on from mothers to babies during pregnancy, after the virus was linked to stillbirths and birth defects.
For most people, Oropouche infections are mild, with symptoms typically showing up 4 to 8 days after a bite.
I tried the best ways to stop mosquitoes on your summer hols - from sprays, patches & bracelets, one was a dud and stank
These can include:
Fever Headache Joint pain Muscle aches Chills Nausea and vomiting Rash Sensitivity to light Dizziness Pain behind the eyes
UKHSA chiefs have urged anyone who becomes unwell with these symptoms after travel to affected areas.
Symptoms typically last less than a week but can occasionally reoccur.
In severe cases, the virus can also attack the brain leading to meningitis or encephalitis, which can be fatal.
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It is estimated that fewer than four per cent of patients will develop neurological symptoms.
The first ever deaths linked to the virus were reported in Brazil in July 2024, where, sadly, two people died.
There are currently no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines available.
Treatment for symptoms can include rest, fluids, and the use of medicines to reduce pain and fever.
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