
India develops its first indigenous MRI machine, set to be installed at AIIMS
New Delhi: India has developed its first indigenous MRI machine, set to be installed at AIIMS Delhi by October for trials. The move aims to reduce treatment costs and reliance on imported medical devices, as 80-85 per cent of the equipment is currently imported. The indigenous MRI machine will help make India more self-reliant in medical technology.
An MoU was also signed between the premier Institute and the Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering and Research (SAMEER), which was set up as an autonomous R & D laboratory at Mumbai under the Department of Electronics, Government of India for the installation of the 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner.
According to AIIMS, Delhi Director Dr M Srinivas said that, "majority of equipment in critical care, post operative care, ICU's, robotics, MRI's in India are imported equipment and 80 to 90percent of most of the gadgets high end gadgets are important because we have the best of the brains in the country, and we want to have the best of the equipment of the world also. So this is what ise AIIMS is about. So having got the best of the equipment in the world, we also feel, Can't we do that in India."
"Building the nation through the initiatives of India, we feel that, AIIMS is the ideal choice,the best place for us in the country to ,so that we meet the unmet needs and challenges of the country," he said this one step towards Atmanirbhar Bharat.
The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has spearheaded the development of two critical healthcare technologies the 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner and 6 MEV Linear Accelerator, through the SAMEER as the implementing agency, in collaboration (MRI) with Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Trivendrum and Kolkata, Inter University Accelerator Centre (IUAC) and Dayanand Sagar Institute (DSI).
The MRI scanner is a non-invasive medical imaging test used to visualize soft tissues, while the Linear Accelerator (LINAC) is utilized for cancer treatment using high-energy X-rays or electrons. Both projects have received financial support from MeitY, to make India move towards import substitution.

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Observer
14-05-2025
- Observer
This kind of sleep is essential for a healthy brain
A good night's sleep isn't just about the number of hours you log. Getting quality sleep — the kind that leaves you feeling refreshed and ready for the day — is critical for a healthy brain. People with disturbed sleep, like insomnia or sleep apnea, have a higher risk of developing dementia than those with no sleep issues. Poor sleep can harm your brain in other ways, too. One study found that people in their 30s and 40s with heavily disrupted sleep (such as frequent awakenings or movements) were two to three times more likely to test lower in executive function, working memory, and processing speeds a decade or so later. Scientists think that deep sleep and rapid eye movement (or REM) sleep are particularly influential when it comes to brain health and dementia risk. A study published in March on people with deep sleep and REM deficiencies found that the subjects' brains showed signs of atrophy in MRI scans 13 to 17 years after the deficiencies were observed; the atrophy looked similar to what you'd find in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. What Scientists Know So Far When you're asleep, your brain continuously cycles through four distinct phases: Two stages of lighter sleep, when your body relaxes and your heart rate and temperature drop; deep sleep or slow wave sleep, when brain activity slows; and REM, when you typically dream. The brain generally takes about 90 minutes to cycle through all four stages and then restarts the process. Deep sleep and REM help your brain 'heal itself' from fatigue and stress and consolidate memories, said Matthew Pase, an associate professor at the School of Psychological Sciences at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. In deep sleep, your brain regulates metabolism and hormones; it also acts as a 'rinse' for the brain, clearing out waste. REM is when your brain processes emotions and new information you picked up when you were awake. The two phases influence dementia risk in different ways, scientists think. As part of the rinsing process in deep sleep, your brain flushes out amyloid proteins that are a hallmark of Alzheimer's. Years of interrupted deep sleep and incomplete flushing — known as glymphatic failure — could hasten the onset of dementia, said Dr. Maiken Nedergaard, a neurology professor at the University of Rochester Medical Center who researches the glymphatic system. Scientists understand less about how REM is tied to dementia risk, said Dr. Roneil Malkani, an associate professor of sleep medicine at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine. A 2017 study of more than 300 people over 60 found that a shorter amount of nightly REM sleep and taking longer to get to the REM phase in each sleep cycle were both predictors for dementia later in life. That could be because REM is 'vitally important' for storing and processing memories, and losing that capacity both weakens the brain's defenses against cognitive decline and can accelerate atrophy in parts of the brain that aren't used, said Pase, who co-wrote the study. It's also hard to tease out the 'chicken and egg' relationship between sleep and dementia, and whether poor sleep definitively causes it, Pase said. Adults (particularly women) naturally spend less time in deep and REM sleep as they age. Scientists already know that aging itself increases dementia risk, but dementia also tends to worsen sleep. It's possible the two processes 'compound each other,' he said. Tips for a Better Night's Sleep It's generally difficult to target individual stages of sleep for improvement, and as you get older, experts think it may be harder to change the brain's sleep cycles. But there's no downside to improving your sleep hygiene, which is an effective way to boost your sleep overall, including deep and REM sleep, Malkani said. Getting about seven hours of sleep a night is the easiest step you can take. That gives your brain enough time to cycle through its stages between four and seven times, he said. Research has shown that people who sleep six hours or less a night in their 50s, 60s and 70s have a 30% increased risk of dementia later in life, suggesting that it's never too late to improve your sleep, said Bryce Mander, an associate professor of psychiatry and human behavior at the University of California, Irvine. Having a consistent sleep and wake time can help you fall asleep more easily, said Zsófia Zavecz, a postdoctoral researcher at the Adaptive Brain Lab at the University of Cambridge. What's more, parts of the brain that are used heavily during the day tend to exhibit slower brain waves during sleep, so doing anything that 'meaningfully engages the brain for a while,' like learning a new skill, could exhaust certain parts and increase their need for restorative, slow-wave sleep, Zavecz said. Exercising can keep you mentally engaged and increase blood flow to the brain, which is helpful in glymphatic clearance, Nedergaard said. Minimizing stress also boosts the process, she added. So, how do you know if you're getting enough sleep? Wearable trackers or smartphone apps can estimate the amount of time you spend in each cycle, but Malkani said it's more helpful to ask yourself, 'How do I feel when I wake up?' And if you wake up in the middle of the night, ask, 'How long did it take me to fall back asleep?' In general, setting aside enough time to sleep is the best way to ensure your brain reaches deeper stages, and depending on deficits, it may spend more time in REM or deep sleep as it cycles, Pase said. 'Let the brain do its thing, and it will shuffle around as it needs,' he said. This article originally appeared in


Times of Oman
01-05-2025
- Times of Oman
Indian scientists aim for world's smallest 'angstrom-scale' chips using 2D materials
New Delhi: In a visionary stride toward global technology leadership, Indian scientists have unveiled an ambitious proposal to develop the world's smallest semiconductor chip. Spearheaded by the prestigious Indian Institute of Science (IISc), this initiative seeks to leverage cutting-edge 2D materials like graphene to create "angstrom-scale" chips—ushering in an era that could eclipse current silicon-based technologies. The proposal, recently submitted to the Indian government, outlines a roadmap that demands an investment of Rs 500 crore (approximately $60 million) over five years. If approved, this project could not only place India firmly on the global semiconductor map but could also redefine the technological landscape for generations to come. New frontier in semiconductor innovation Semiconductors are the lifeblood of modern technology, powering everything from smartphones and medical devices to electric vehicles and satellites. For decades, the industry has relentlessly pursued miniaturisation, packing more power into ever-smaller spaces. Yet, as traditional silicon-based technologies approach their physical limits, the world is yearning for a breakthrough. This is where India's angstrom-scale chip project steps in. Angstroms, measuring just one-tenth of a nanometer, represent a scale so minute that it ventures into atomic territory. Creating chips at this level requires materials that are thinner, stronger, and more conductive than silicon—enter graphene and other 2D materials. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, boasts extraordinary electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Scientists worldwide have hailed it as a "wonder material," but India's plan to industrialise its use at the angstrom scale marks a historic first. By moving beyond the conventional, India is daring to innovate at the very edge of physics itself. Powering India's tech aspirations This proposal signals far more than just technological ambition. It aligns seamlessly with India's broader vision of self-reliance in critical technologies, epitomised by initiatives like "Make in India" and "Atmanirbhar Bharat" (Self-Reliant India). Semiconductors are a strategic industry. Countries that control chip technologies also influence the future of defence systems, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and next-generation communication networks like 6G. By building indigenous capabilities in this sector, India can ensure not just economic growth but also national security and technological sovereignty. Moreover, mastering angstrom-scale chip technology would place India among an elite few, giving it a seat at the table of global tech leadership alongside the United States, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. Building a strong ecosystem The proposed $60 million investment is not just for lab research; it is designed to catalyse an entire ecosystem around next-generation semiconductors. The funds would enable the establishment of specialised fabrication facilities, advanced material research centres, and skilled manpower development programs. Partnerships with premier institutions, industry players, and international collaborators will be crucial. By integrating academia and industry, India can create a dynamic innovation ecosystem where breakthroughs in the lab translate quickly into commercial products. It is also heartening to see such a project being led by the Indian Institute of Science, an institution with a legacy of pathbreaking research. With its world-class talent, cutting-edge infrastructure, and collaborative ethos, IISc is ideally positioned to steer this transformational endeavour. Catalysing new industries If successful, angstrom-scale chips could ignite a cascade of new industries and possibilities. Chips at the angstrom scale could power computers hundreds of times faster than today's models, transforming everything from research to entertainment. Ultra-miniaturised chips could enable revolutionary biomedical devices, diagnostics, and treatments at the cellular level. Energy-efficient chips would dramatically lower the carbon footprint of data centres, consumer electronics, and electric vehicles. Moreover, lightweight, high-performance chips could enhance satellite systems, defence equipment, and space exploration technologies. By positioning itself at the forefront of this technological revolution, India could create millions of new jobs, attract billions in investments, and open unprecedented opportunities for startups and established companies alike. Inspiring a new generation of innovators Beyond its economic and strategic implications, this initiative carries immense inspirational value. It sends a powerful message to young scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs across the country: India is no longer just a participant in the global tech race—it is leading the way. The vision of building angstrom-scale chips challenges young minds to dream bigger, think deeper, and innovate bolder. It reaffirms that Indian talent can shape the future of technology, not just follow it. Educational institutions, innovation hubs, and research labs across the country are likely to feel the ripple effects. Already, programs in materials science, quantum electronics, and nanoengineering are gaining traction, and this project will further accelerate that momentum. A moment of national pride The proposal by Indian scientists to venture into the angstrom era is a clarion call for the nation to rally behind its innovators. 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Times of Oman
10-04-2025
- Times of Oman
India's electronic manufacturing and export to see robust growth with new components policy: Report
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