UK court rejects case against lawfulness of Britain exporting fighter jet parts to Israel
Israel
, despite accepting they could be used in breach of international humanitarian law in
Gaza
, was lawful, London's High Court ruled on Monday.
Al-Haq, a group based in the Israeli-occupied
West Bank
, had taken legal action against Britain's department for business and trade over its decision to exempt F-35 parts when it suspended some arms export licences last year.
The UK had assessed that Israel was not committed to complying with international humanitarian law in Israel's military campaign.
But Britain did not suspend licences for F-35 components, which go into a pool of spare parts which Israel can use on its existing F-35 jets.
READ MORE
Britain said suspending those licences would disrupt a global programme that supplies parts for the aircraft, with a knock-on impact on international security. It said taking such action could 'undermine US confidence in the UK and Nato'.
Al-Haq had argued at a hearing last month that the decision was unlawful as it was in breach of Britain's obligations under international law, including the Geneva Convention, but the High Court dismissed the group's challenge.
Judges Stephen Males and Karen Steyn said the case was about whether the court could rule that Britain must withdraw from the international F-35 programme, which was 'a matter for the executive . . . not for the courts'.
According to Gaza officials, Israel's bombardment has killed more than 56,000 Palestinians while displacing almost the whole population of more than two million and plunging the enclave into a humanitarian crisis.
Israel launched its campaign in response to the October 2023 attack in which Hamas-led fighters killed 1,200 people and took 251 hostages.
The court said Britain's business minister Jonathan Reynolds was 'faced with the blunt choice of accepting the F-35 carve-out or withdrawing from the F-35 programme and accepting all the defence and diplomatic consequences which would ensue'.
Al-Haq said it was disappointed with the ruling, but that its legal challenge had contributed to Britain's partial suspension of arms export licences in 2024.
Jennine Walker, a lawyer at the Global Legal Action Network which supported Al-Haq's case, said outside the Royal Courts of Justice in London: 'We are currently analysing the judgment for grounds of appeal.
'This is a regrettable setback after such a long battle for Al-Haq and all the Palestinians who have been following the case. However, this is not the end.'
Charity Oxfam, Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch also criticised the ruling.
A British government spokesperson said: 'This [ruling] shows that the UK operates one of the most robust export control regimes in the world. We will continue to keep our defence export licensing under careful and continual review.' – Reuters
(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2025
Hashtags
Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles
Irish Times
12 hours ago
- Irish Times
Recognition of a Palestinian state has become a punishment for Israel, says its former prime minister
In declaring that they intend to recognise a Palestinian state , Britain , France and Canada have moved closer to a step that Palestinians have sought for decades. But their announcements leave unanswered a crucial question: in the gritty context of today's conflict – with Israel waging war in a shattered Gaza Strip , threatening to annex the occupied West Bank and administering East Jerusalem as part of its own capital – what is left of Palestine to recognise? They also upend the sequence of the now-moribund Middle East peace process, in which detailed talks between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) were intended to be followed by international recognition of whatever Palestinian state emerged from those discussions. Former Israeli prime minister Ehud Olmert said the gesture by Israel's western allies of recognising Palestine had taken on a different meaning. READ MORE What was intended to be a reward for Palestinians – a celebration for successfully ending more than eight decades of conflict – had in 2025 become a punishment for Israel . Ehud Olmert was the last Israeli prime minister to truly address the complexities of a two-state solution. Photograph: Jack Guez/AFP via Getty Images It was a reflection of 'the real desperation of losing trust', said Olmert, whose premiership between 2006 and 2009 was the last time an Israeli leader seriously tussled with the complexities of a two-state solution. To Olmert, it is as if they are saying to his successor, prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu: 'You didn't listen to us, to anything we are trying to do – so what else do we have but to use this, something you are so opposed to.' Olmert said the promised recognitions amount to a threat to dismantle the legacy of Israel's longest-serving premier, who has spent his nearly two decades in power blocking a Palestinian state from taking shape. Netanyahu's governments have expanded settlements, taken more land into Israeli state control and demonised the internationally accepted Palestinian Authority (PA) as supporters of terrorism akin to Hamas, the militant group that wrested Gaza from the PA in 2007. Netanyahu has lambasted the British and French proposals as a reward for Hamas, which triggered the current war with its cross-border attacks on southern Israel on October 7th, 2023. Now Netanyahu, who refuses to take responsibility for the scale of civilian suffering that Israel has wrought on Gaza, faces the prospect of four out of five permanent UN Security Council members recognising the state of Palestine. China and Russia have already done so. This would deepen Israel's diplomatic isolation as it fights accusations of genocide at the International Court of Justice, the UN's highest court, and as the premier himself faces charges of war crimes at the International Criminal Court. The pledges by three G7 nations to recognise a Palestinian state ahead of the UN General Assembly in September all come with conditions. Mahmoud Abbas, Palestinian Authority president, speaks during the United Nations General Assembly in New York last year. Photograph: Jeenah Moon/Bloomberg via Getty Images UK prime minister Keir Starmer's hinge on Netanyahu ending the crisis in Gaza, while Canada is demanding that the PA, run by the ageing and unpopular president Mahmoud Abbas, enacts serious reforms and hold its first elections in nearly two decades. The announcements have been met with deep hostility from Netanyahu's far-right coalition, which is propped up by parties seeking to annex the West Bank. The last time Netanyahu – reluctantly – engaged with the peace process was in 2014, under great pressure from the Obama administration. The process of recognising a Palestinian state would also run up against the limits of international law: the 1933 Montevideo Convention sets out minimum criteria for a state, which include a permanent population, defined borders and a government. Two-year-old Yazan Abu Foul, held by his mother Naima, is suffering from severe malnutrition as a result of Israel's campaign in Gaza. Photograph: Haitham Imad That is one reason that Canadian prime minister Mark Carney has insisted that the PA – a semi-autonomous body set up by the Oslo Accords in the 1990s – commit to reforms that would restore a measure of democratic legitimacy to Abbas's government, said a Canadian diplomat briefed on the matter. Palestinian statehood also faces practical difficulties as formidable today as it did in 1988, when PLO chair Yasser Arafat first set out a formal claim to a Palestinian nation that mingled the poetry of Mahmoud Darwish with the prose of UN resolutions. He created a government in exile, based in Algiers. Most crucially, Israel controls all the borders and occupies the land on which any Palestinian state could be built. World powers have largely supported Palestinians governing an area that roughly aligns with the 1967 armistice line, which includes the West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip – territories wrested from Jordan and Egypt by Israel. Israel's defence minister Israel Katz, whose government in May announced plans to build 22 new West Bank settlements , has said of the push for recognition: 'They will recognise a Palestinian state on paper – and we will build the Jewish-Israeli state on the ground.' Yet even if western recognition would bring little change in the territory, Palestinians say it would buoy morale and add weight to the beleaguered PLO's claim to statehood. Israeli prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu with US president Donald Trump at the White House. Photograph: Haiyun Jiang/The New York Times 'It would still be very useful because it confirms the right of self-determination for the Palestinian people, which Israel is trying to eliminate,' said Mustafa Barghouti, a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council and regular interlocutor with western diplomats. 'The issue of recognition is a political matter – admitting into law what these countries always speak about, the two-state solution.' Palestinian delegations to the UK, France or Canada would also become fully fledged embassies, getting diplomatic rights and immunities, and able to sign treaties as a state. 'States have allies, allies have responsibilities,' said a Palestinian diplomat based in the UK. 'Until then, all we have as Palestinians are friends.' These recognitions would undermine Israel's traditional argument that it is not alone in opposing unilateral Palestinian statehood, said Victor Kattan, who has served as a legal adviser to the Palestinian Negotiations Affairs Department in Ramallah. Some 147 countries already recognise a Palestinian state, but the addition of the UK, France and Canada would represent a significant shift on the part of powerful western states traditionally seen as Israel's unflinching allies. That shift is especially resonant on the part of the UK, the colonial power that administered Mandate Palestine after the first World War, issuing the Balfour Declaration that paved the way for a Jewish state to take shape on Palestinian land and fuelling a conflict that rages decades later. 'The Israelis had always had a strong 'moral minority' argument, that so long as some of the major western states . . . still don't recognise Palestine, there will always be a question mark over its claims to statehood and sovereignty,' said Kattan, who now teaches international law at the University of Nottingham. Protesters hold a banner showing starving Palestinian children during a rally in solidarity with the Palestinian people, at Sana'a University in Yemen. Photograph: Yahya Arhab/EPA 'But now that that's crumbling – it looks like nearly everybody is going to recognise Palestine, except for the United States – it greatly strengthens Palestinian claims to statehood.' The moves by the UK, France and Canada have infuriated the White House, with US president Donald Trump saying they pose a threat to trade talks with Canada. The US's long-standing policy has been to resist attempts by supporters of Palestine to assume some of the markers of statehood. On Thursday, the state department imposed sanctions on the PLO, for among other things 'taking actions to internationalise its conflict with Israel such as through the International Criminal Court and the International Court of Justice'. Other diplomatic efforts to upgrade Palestinian claims to statehood are also under way, said western diplomats based in Jerusalem, including an attempt to upgrade the fledgling state of Palestine's UN 'observer status' to full membership. The US has twice vetoed those attempts, most recently in April 2024. One of the diplomats said: 'They will undoubtedly veto again – but this time, they will be running against a large wave of international opinion, not just a technical vote that is ignored as a matter of course.' – Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2025 International recognition of Palestinian statehood
Irish Times
12 hours ago
- Irish Times
Is the White House ready to demand an end to Netanyahu's campaign of starvation in Gaza?
Throughout June, CNN offered previews of its deep-dive documentary of the 40th anniversary of Live Aid. The first part was broadcast on July 13th and in the weeks since, the retrospective has been accompanied with disturbing contemporary reportage and footage of the horrific scenes of starvation and mass hunger afflicting people in bombed-out Gaza . This was the first week that the humanitarian crisis, and the shocking realisation that thousands of children are starving and dying while food and aid languishes nearby, has become a dominant news story in the United States. Since Donald Trump took office, Israel's prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu has been welcomed and feted in the White House three times. The change in policy, ideology and energy between the Biden and Trump administrations is day and night. Yet both administrations share, to this point, a willingness to bend to Netanyahu's every whim and to ignore his state-sponsored atrocities. Israeli prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu recently presented US president Donald Trump with a copy of a letter he sent to the Nobel committee recommending Trump for the peace prize. Photograph: Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP via Getty Images Just weeks ago, in a theatrical gesture much of the world found stomach-churning, Netanyahu, sitting across from president Trump ahead of dinner, presented his host with a copy of a letter he sent to the Nobel committee recommending Trump for the peace prize. READ MORE But this week, Trump broke with Netanyahu's conviction that there is no starvation in Gaza and that Hamas are issuing misleading reports. 'Based on television. . . those children look very hungry,' Trump said. 'But we're giving a lot of money and a lot of food, and other nations are now stepping up. Some of those kids are – that's real starvation stuff. I see it and you can't fake that.' It is tempting to believe that Trump, an avid consumer of television news shows, was exposed to much stronger and disturbing reports on Gaza during his five-day visit to Scotland than he had previously absorbed while flicking through the news networks in the White House. Belatedly, Trump seems to have realised, like Biden before him, that he has been played by Israel's prime minister, who has repeatedly demonstrated little interest in ending the conflict. If Russian president Vladimir Putin has proven hostile towards Trump's wish – and election campaign vow – of a swift resolution to the war with Ukraine, Netanyahu has been in turns ingratiating and contemptuous, taking unflagging US support for granted. On Wednesday, Trump dispatched Steve Witkoff , his diplomatic envoy, to Israel to pressurise Netanyahu on what is now being described as a famine. Trump returned to Washington from Scotland to find political representatives on the hard right and left are speaking in chorus. A demonstrator participates in a solidarity rally for Gaza in Paris on Thursday. Photograph: Mohammed Badra/EPA The Independent senator Bernie Sanders forced a set of resolutions to block the $675 million sale of bombs and guidance kits and automatic rifles to the Israeli government. 'Course he's lying,' Sanders said of Netanyahu's denials on CNN during the week. 'He's a disgusting liar. Israel had a right to defend itself from the terrible Hamas attack , but I think everyone understands that in the last two and a half years they have been waging a brutal, horrific, almost unprecedented type of war not just against Hamas but against the Palestinian people,' he said, citing the Gaza health ministry figures of 60,000 dead and 140,00 injured, most of whom he said, are 'women, children and the elderly'. 'We cannot continue providing military aid to the extremist racist Netanyahu government that is starving the children of Gaza.' But Sanders stopped short of agreeing that the word 'genocide' is applicable to the failure to deliver the emergency food and aid to Gazans. Instead, it was Marjorie Taylor Greene, one of the Maga Republicans' most strident, conservative voices, who used that phrase. She was responding to Randy Fine, the recently elected Florida Republican congressman who last year labelled Ireland as an 'anti-Semitic country' over its support of the Palestinian people. Samah Matar holds her six-year-old son Yousef, who is suffering from severe malnutrition due to Israel's blockade of food into Gaza. Photograph: Saher Alghorra/The New York Times 'I can only imagine how Florida's 6th district feels now that their Representative, that they were told to vote for, openly calls for starving innocent people and children,' Taylor-Greene wrote. 'It's the most truthful and easiest thing to say that Oct 7th in Israel was horrific and all hostages must be returned, but so is the genocide, humanitarian crisis, and starvation happening in Gaza. But a Jewish US Representative calling for the continued starvation of innocent people and children is disgraceful. His awful statement will actually cause more antisemitism.' Taylor-Greene's sharp criticism has been echoed elsewhere within the Maga movement, not least through the podcast megaphones of Tucker Carlson and Steve Bannon. Their perspective has not gone unnoticed in Israel, with an opinion piece written in June by Dr Judah Isseroff in the Israeli daily publication, Haaretz, noting that 'while Carlson's stances on immigration, vaccines and Russia are core elements of an emergent right-wing coalition, the criticism of Israel that he amplifies on his podcast has a level of cross-over potential that far outstrips the appeal of mass deportations or Covid revisionism. 'That is because Carlson's views coincide with those of increasingly large numbers of American Jews. According to two surveys last year, nearly a third of American Jews – and more than 40 per cent of American Jewish teens – agreed that Israel is committing a genocide in Gaza. In light of Israel's escalating activity in the Strip, those numbers are likely higher today than they were in 2024. It is clear that Binyamin Netanyahu takes the support of Donald Trump and the US completely for granted. Photograph:'As I see it, Carlson's real significance is actually more theological than political. I don't think we're likely to soon find Carlson marching arm-in-arm with Gaza campus activists at Columbia University. Instead, Carlson's platforming of Israel-critical Jews actually augurs a serious scrambling of relations between Jews and Christians in the United States.' Perhaps, but at congressional level, there is little to suggest that Netanyahu has any immediate cause for alarm about a suspension of arms and support or a sea-change in baseline support. A significant minority may be experiencing nausea at the sudden proliferation of images of starving Gazans. Still, the vote on Sanders's resolution- the third such motion he has brought – failed in the Senate by 27-70. It was significant increase on support among Democratic senators without ever threatening the status quo. Over a year has passed since Chuck Schumer, the Democratic senate minority leader and highest ranking Jewish political leader in US history, gave a speech warning that Israel was at the risk of becoming a 'pariah' under Netanyahu's leadership, and he called for an election of new officials there. But this week, Schumer voted to continue to supply artillery to Israel: the protection of the state cannot, for Schumer, be compromised by objections to Netanyahu. Nor can the atrocities inflicted by Hamas militants on innocent Israelis on October 7th, 2023, be forgotten. When Netanyahu gave his address after a bipartisan invitation from Congress last week, at least 38 elected Democratic representatives announced they would boycott it. A few empty seats, then, but Netanyahu, basking in the afterglow of the successful joint Israel-US strikes on Iran nuclear facilities, still enjoyed a prolonged standing ovation before House speaker Mike Johnson acknowledged the 'distinct honour' of introducing the guest. 'For the forces of civilisation to triumph,' Netanyahu told them, 'America and Israel must stand together', provoking another standing ovation. He knew he was among friends – from both sides of the House – and had every reason to believe, in that moment, that the historical alliance will withstand whatever moral queasiness US politicians may feel about the images of dying Palestinian children. And while president Trump has voiced his unease at the images of malnourished and starving children, on Thursday morning he posted on Truth Social his stated position that the 'fastest way to end the humanitarian crisis in Gaza is for Hamas to surrender and release the hostages'. A man carries the body of a child, killed in an Israeli strike, ahead of a funeral procession in Gaza City. Photograph: Majdi Fathi/NurPhoto via Getty Images Asked during his meeting with Britain's prime minister, Keir Starmer, if he supported Britain's pledge to recognise Palestinian statehood unless a ceasefire is in place by September, Trump said that he saw the plan as 'rewarding Hamas'. On Thursday, White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt described Witkoff's meeting with Netanyahu as 'very productive' and she confirmed that he would spend Friday inspecting the food distribution sites and speaking with Gazans living through what has become a ceaseless nightmare. He will then brief president Trump on advised next steps. 'President Trump is a humanitarian with a big heart and that's why he sent special envoy Witkoff to the region, in an effort to save lives and end this crisis,' Leavitt said. With Hamas refusing to negotiate a path towards a ceasefire until the unfolding food shortage stand-off is resolved, and Israel's leader remaining unrepentant, many lives may hinge of the persuasive power of Witkoff's report to Trump. It remains to be seen whether the sudden prominence of the Gaza plight in US news coverage is just a temporary conscience salver which will, in a week or a fortnight, become obscured by domestic and economic issues again. Or whether the White House, and Trump, is at last ready to demand an end to Binyamin Netanyahu's clear-eyed campaign of death by one means or another.
Irish Times
12 hours ago
- Irish Times
Donald Trump's envoy Steve Witkoff visits Gaza aid ‘death trap'
Donald Trump 's envoy Steve Witkoff has visited Gaza and been shown one of the controversial aid sites around which hundreds of Palestinians have been killed by Israeli forces. Witkoff, the US president's special envoy for the Middle East , had earlier met the Israeli prime minister, Binyamin Netanyahu amid mounting international horror over conditions of starvation in Gaza occurring after months of Israeli-imposed aid restrictions. The visit to the site in Rafah by Witkoff – a former real estate lawyer with no foreign policy or humanitarian background, who has also met Vladimir Putin on Trump's behalf – was first reported by a number of Israeli media organisations. His visit comes as Human Rights Watch described the sites run by the Israeli and US-backed Gaza Humanitarian Foundation as 'death traps' that had become the scene of regular 'bloodbaths'. The UN has said almost 900 Palestinians have been killed by Israeli forces attempting to reach the sites. READ MORE Belkis Wille, the associate crisis and conflict director at Human Rights Watch, said on Friday: 'US-backed Israeli forces and private contractors have put in place a flawed, militarised aid distribution system that has turned aid distributions into regular bloodbaths.' She added: 'Israeli forces are not only deliberately starving Palestinian civilians, but they are now gunning them down almost every day as they desperately seek food for their families.' The UN said on Friday that 1,353 Palestinians had been killed by Israeli forces as they waited for aid – 859 around GHF sites and another 514 along the route of UN aid convoys. A United Nations spokesperson said Israeli policies had led to the widespread desperation in Gaza that meant arriving UN trucks were overwhelmed and stripped before they could reach warehouses. The UN says that long-standing Israeli restrictions on the entry of aid had created an unpredictable environment, and that meant while a pause in fighting might allow more aid in, Palestinians are not confident aid will reach them. Olga Cherevko, a spokesperson for the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), said: 'This has resulted in many of our convoys offloaded directly by starving, desperate people as they continue to face deep levels of hunger and are struggling to feed their families. The only way to reach a level of confidence is by having a sustained flow of aid over a period of time.' While a number of countries have resumed airdrops of aid into Gaza in recent days, aid experts have warned that the amount of food that can be dropped by air is insufficient to counter starvation inside the Palestinian territory. Israeli officials have said that if there is no progress in the coming days on a deal with Hamas to release the hostages, Israel will expand its operations in Gaza. International humanitarian agencies and experts say that famine has gripped Gaza after Israel blocked food from entering the territory for two and a half months starting in March. Since it eased the blockade in late May, Israel has only allowed in a trickle of aid trucks for the UN, about 70 a day on average, according to Israel's own figures. That is far below the 500-600 trucks a day that UN agencies say are needed – the amount that entered during a six-week ceasefire earlier this year. [ Is the White House ready to demand an end to Netanyahu's campaign of starvation in Gaza? Opens in new window ] While Netanyahu and other officials have claimed that there is 'no hunger in Gaza' or that it is the fault of Hamas looting or the UN's failings, incontrovertible evidence has been offered by the UN's food security monitor of the spread of famine amid Israel's choking of the entry of aid – a policy critics say amounts to the crime of using starvation as a weapon. According to the White House, the visit by Witkoff, accompanied by the US ambassador to Israel, Mike Huckabee, was aimed at finding ways to speed deliveries to Gaza. 'The special envoy and the ambassador will brief the president immediately after their visit to approve a final plan for food and aid distribution into the region,' the White House press secretary, Karoline Leavitt, told reporters. Trump on Thursday called the situation in Gaza 'a terrible thing' when asked about comments from his ally and Republican US representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, who termed Israel's offensive in the Palestinian territory a genocide. 'Oh, it's terrible what's occurring there, yeah, it's a terrible thing. People are very hungry,' Trump told reporters when asked about Greene's social media comments, while also saying Washington had given financial assistance to address the hunger crisis in Gaza. – Guardian
