
Parents cause teens to be anxious and depressed by making this one common mistake, experts warn
A new poll revealed that most U.S. parents are wary of letting their teenagers venture out on their own — despite it possibly being detrimental to their personal growth and development.
The team at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor surveyed over 1,000 parents across the country with children ages 13 to 18, originally reported on by Science News.
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The C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health found that fewer than half of parents would allow their teen to stay alone in a hotel room while they stepped out for breakfast.
Even fewer — about one-third — would permit their teen to walk alone to a nearby coffee shop, and only one in five parents said they'd be comfortable with their teen exploring an amusement park or museum solo.
Not allowing your kid to have any independence will hurt their personal growth.
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More drastically, one in five parents say they have never allowed their teen to be away from them while on a trip.
Experts say teens need opportunities to build confidence and independence.
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Experts have long warned that today's children are growing up with fewer chances for independent play and exploration.
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Compared to previous generations, teens today are less likely to walk or bike to school alone or even hold part-time jobs, thanks to their paranoid parents.
This drop in autonomy comes alongside a worrying rise in mental health issues among teens, including anxiety and depression.
While some researchers caution against drawing direct connections between the mental health crisis and parents' protectiveness, others are more certain of the correlation.
'It's absolutely no surprise to me that we are seeing these dramatic rises in anxiety, depression, even suicide among teenagers,' Boston College psychologist Peter Gray told Science News.
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However, he noted there's still hope.
'If we reach some families and just approach this upcoming summer a little differently, I feel like that's a big win,' Gray said.
Experts suggest that allowing your child to give input on where you vacation and setting rules allows parents and teens to set boundaries that both are comfortable with.
For example, most parents agreed that having teens check in by phone (64%), asking them to stay with friends or siblings (62%), and telling them to stay in agreed-upon locations (55%) would bring them comfort while allowing kids to find their independence
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Gizmodo
4 days ago
- Gizmodo
Our Neanderthal Cousins Were Big Maggot Eaters, Scientists Argue
Modern humanity's most famous cousins, the Neanderthals, may have had a clever, if unappealing, dietary trick for survival: maggots. Research out today posits these creepy crawly fly larvae provided Neanderthals an ample source of essential nitrogen and fat. Scientists at Purdue University, the University of Michigan, and others conducted the study, published Friday in Science Advances. Using both experimental and historical data, they showed that maggot-infused meat is rich in fat and nitrogen and that similar human populations have commonly included such foods in their diets. The team argues that maggots are the most reasonable explanation for why Neanderthals had very high levels of nitrogen in their system. 'Fly larvae are a fat-rich, nutrient dense, ubiquitous, and easily procured insect resource, and both Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans, much like recent foragers, would benefit from taking full advantage of them,' lead author Melanie Beasley, a paleoanthropologist at Purdue, told Gizmodo. Nitrogen is a much-needed nutrient; among other things, it's used to help create amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. Speaking of protein, dietary nitrogen is most abundantly found in animal meat (though certain leafy vegetables and legumes are also high in it). The excavated remains of Neanderthals are known to have high levels of nitrogen isotopes, indicating they had plenty of nitrogen in their diets. According to Beasley, most researchers have assumed this meant Neanderthals were hypercarnivores—predators at the top of the food chain that ate lots of freshly killed large animals, mammoths included. But in 2017, co-author John Speth put forth a different hypothesis: that Neanderthals were actually eating lots of stored and putrid meat filled with maggots. Both then and now, researchers note that some Indigenous groups in the Northern Hemisphere have regularly and intentionally eaten maggot-rich food—practically as a delicacy. In 1931, for instance, Knud Rasmussen, a polar explorer and anthropologist, wrote this anecdote about him and some members of an Inuit community coming across a cache of meat: 'The meat was green with age, and when we made a cut in it, it was like the bursting of a boil, so full of great white maggots was it. To my horror my companions scooped out handfuls of the crawling things and ate them with evident relish.' Beasley heard about Speth's argument and said she could help him test it out experimentally. At the time, she was pursuing a postdoctoral degree that involved studying muscle tissue decomposition in deceased people. This work also meant Beasley would spend much of her time around the maggots that feed on decaying tissue. Beasley and her colleagues documented the changing nitrogen levels in these samples of decaying tissue along with three different species of fly maggots. As the tissue decayed, levels of nitrogen inside changed modestly. The maggots themselves, however, were chock-full of nitrogen. Given the conditions back then, it would have been impossible for Neanderthals to avoid some maggots ending up in any animal meat they tried to store. Rather than a hindrance, though, these hominids probably made the most of the situation, using the maggots to turn their lean meat into a 'fat-rich, more complete food resource,' Beasley said. The researchers are still collecting more evidence to shore up their argument for maggot-eating Neanderthals, and they're also working to understand how the nutritional benefits of maggot-rich food change over time (exactly when is rotten meat too rotten, in other words?). However Neanderthals ate their meat, though, there are many people today still using insects and maggots to spice up their diet, the researchers point out. In Europe, for instance, there's casu marzu, a Sardinian sheep's milk cheese that's intentionally laced with cheese fly (Piophila casei) maggots. Much love to my Neanderthal brethren and casu marzu fans, but I think I'll still just stick to some classic sharp cheddar for my next cheese plate.


Time Magazine
4 days ago
- Time Magazine
What Experts Think About the Japanese Walking Trend
'Japanese walking' isn't new, but the workout recently gained legs on TikTok: People credit it with making their walking routines more exciting and leading to an array of benefits, from weight loss to better heart health. While its name is derived from research conducted in Japan, this style of workout—known as interval walking—is popular around the world, and for good reason. It involves walking at a high intensity level for three minutes, followed by three minutes at a lower intensity, on repeat for at least 30 minutes, four times a week. 'We know that exercise matters, and we know that intensity matters,' says Laura Richardson, an exercise physiologist and clinical associate professor of kinesiology at the University of Michigan. 'I think it's caught on because it's so sustainable—it's short, it's doable, you don't have to be in a gym, and there are lots of benefits to walking.' We asked experts to break down exactly why Japanese walking is so effective and how to get started. The science behind interval walking Interval training—or alternating between short bursts of high-intensity exercise, followed by lower intensity rest and recovery—has been around for more than 100 years. You can apply it to all kinds of fitness regimens, including walking, biking, running, and strength training. 'It's getting your heart rate up and then bringing it back down,' Richardson says. When you work out at a high intensity, you increase blood flow to your body's muscles and make your heart beat faster. 'That's where we get health benefits,' she adds. 'The adaptations begin happening at higher levels of intensity.' Over time, interval training leads to increased cardiorespiratory fitness, which means your body can better consume oxygen because your heart and lungs are stronger. And you don't have to spend hours at the gym to achieve it: By adding intensity to your workouts, you get more bang for your buck from a time perspective, says Rashelle Hoffman, a gait and walking expert in the physical therapy department at Creighton University in Omaha. Consider the American College of Sports Medicine's physical activity guidelines: All healthy adults should get moderate intensity aerobic activity for at least 30 minutes five days a week, or vigorous activity for a minimum of 20 minutes three times per week. 'Clearly, you're seeing greater benefits with less time with vigorous activity,' she says. 'We're stressing our body out more, and it's responding more readily to that.' Read More: Backward Walking Is the Best Workout You're Not Doing There's a psychological appeal, too. Interval walking enables you to feel like you're competing against yourself, Richardson says, as you get faster and ratchet up your intensity level. 'I always say that people like numbers,' she says. They give walkers a tangible goal, which can propel their desire to work out. Emily Mendez, who lives in Indianapolis, took up Japanese walking a few years ago because she tends to get bored walking at the same pace. The intervals give her something to focus on, she says, and she likes the sense of achievement she gets from short, powerful spurts of activity. 'It's like an accomplishment when you do the quicker walks,' she says. 'I do those and push myself, and then the slower walks for recovery are like a reward. It makes it more interesting, less boring, and more motivating.' The benefits of Japanese walking In one of the leading studies on interval walking, Shizue Masuki and her colleagues instructed 246 middle-age and older adults to walk at a high intensity for 30 minutes a day, more than four times a week, for five months. No one completed the program—they complained that it was too boring and difficult, says Masuki, a professor at Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan. That inspired the researchers to test interval walking instead. This time, the participants actually did it, and the results were impressive. People who followed an interval walking program for five months experienced greater increases in leg strength, thigh muscle strength, and overall physical fitness, as well as a greater reduction in blood pressure, than those who only walked at a moderate pace. Additional research with more than 700 people found that interval walking improves symptoms of lifestyle-related and age-related diseases, such as changes in cognitive function, depression, and sleep quality. Plus, the technique leads to an increase in healthy HDL cholesterol levels, improved triglyceride levels, and reduced abdominal visceral fat. More generally, research suggests that walking—which is lower impact than activities like running—contributes to bone and muscle health, reduces the risk of chronic diseases, and enhances mental wellbeing. It's often an ideal choice for people who are older or overweight, Hoffman says, as well as those newly dipping their toes into an exercise routine. 'The beauty of walking is that most people know how to do it,' she says. 'There's not a learning curve, and you don't really need to have equipment.' What counts as high intensity, anyway? In Masuki's study, participants logged three minutes of walking at 70% of their peak aerobic capacity, or VO2 max—which measures the maximum amount of oxygen your body can utilize during intense exercise—followed by three minutes at 40% of their peak aerobic capacity. While a smartwatch can provide you with this data, there's an easier way to track your intensity. Read More: Why Walking Isn't Enough When It Comes to Exercise Richardson calls it the talk test: When you're working at about 70% of your aerobic capacity, you'll be breathing heavily and able to feel your heart racing, but you'll still be able to carry on a conversation. 'It's a little bit uncomfortable, but you can still talk,' she says. If you were closer to working at 100% of your capacity, on the other hand—an extreme level that experts advise against, since your body can't get enough oxygen to fuel muscles and you'll quickly feel drained—you would not be able to speak. How to start interval walking Ready to give Japanese walking a spin? Experts suggest these tips. If three full minutes of high-intensity walking feels daunting, ease in: You could start out by picking up your pace for one minute, followed by a three-minute recovery session, Hoffman suggests. 'You won't see the benefits necessarily at those lower levels, but you'll be training your body,' she says. You don't even have to aim for a 30-minute workout. Since learning about Japanese walking on TikTok a couple months ago, Yvette Hill has been doing it during downtime, like when she's waiting in parking lots to pick up her kids from various activities. Sometimes she ramps up her intensity until she reaches one corner of the lot, then slows down until she reaches the other, tweaking the program to fit her needs. 'If you're busy, this is a great way to fit in exercise,' she says. 'It's so easy and less intimidating than jumping into the gym.' When you increase your pace and shift into a high-intensity interval, it's important to pay attention to your posture. 'Get your spine up, get your chest up, and really think about swinging your arms,' Richardson says. That helps engage more of your body, while adding power to your steps. Many fitness trackers, including the Apple Watch, have a built-in feature that allows you to set up your intervals in advance. That way, your device will alert you when it's time to switch gears, Hoffman says, and you don't have to fiddle with a stopwatch. Read More: Are Walking Pads Worth It? Another option: Time each interval to a favorite song. 'Most songs are about three minutes long,' Richardson says. 'That's a good way of timing your exercise.' If you struggle with balance issues and want to make sure you're safe, experiment with walking poles, Richardson suggests. 'They can give you an extra bit of stability,' she says. 'If someone's a little hesitant—maybe an older or deconditioned person—using a hiking stick or trekking poles can give you an extra set of so-called legs.' One of the reasons walking is so accessible is that you can do it anywhere. That said, high-intensity exercise will feel different depending if you're walking on a treadmill, nature trail, hilly roads, or the beach. 'Your heart rate's going to respond differently to all those different terrains,' Richardson says. Pay attention to what works best for you—you might find, for example, that you love the built-in challenge of walking on the sand or crave quiet moments in the park. Like any other fitness program, there are ways to adjust interval walking to fit your needs. You could wear weights on your arms or even carry small dumbbells to get a better upper body workout, Hoffman suggests. Or switch things up and do squats or lunges for one of your high-intensity intervals. 'This idea of intervals could be applied to different targeted areas of your body,' she says. 'It doesn't have to be just walking.'
Yahoo
4 days ago
- Yahoo
What Experts Think About the Japanese Walking Trend
Credit - Photo-Illustration by TIME (Source Images: 4x6/Getty Images (5)) 'Japanese walking' isn't new, but the workout recently gained legs on TikTok: People credit it with making their walking routines more exciting and leading to an array of benefits, from weight loss to better heart health. While its name is derived from research conducted in Japan, this style of workout—known as interval walking—is popular around the world, and for good reason. It involves walking at a high intensity level for three minutes, followed by three minutes at a lower intensity, on repeat for at least 30 minutes, four times a week. 'We know that exercise matters, and we know that intensity matters,' says Laura Richardson, an exercise physiologist and clinical associate professor of kinesiology at the University of Michigan. 'I think it's caught on because it's so sustainable—it's short, it's doable, you don't have to be in a gym, and there are lots of benefits to walking.' We asked experts to break down exactly why Japanese walking is so effective and how to get started. The science behind interval walking Interval training—or alternating between short bursts of high-intensity exercise, followed by lower intensity rest and recovery—has been around for more than 100 years. You can apply it to all kinds of fitness regimens, including walking, biking, running, and strength training. 'It's getting your heart rate up and then bringing it back down,' Richardson says. When you work out at a high intensity, you increase blood flow to your body's muscles and make your heart beat faster. 'That's where we get health benefits,' she adds. 'The adaptations begin happening at higher levels of intensity.' Over time, interval training leads to increased cardiorespiratory fitness, which means your body can better consume oxygen because your heart and lungs are stronger. And you don't have to spend hours at the gym to achieve it: By adding intensity to your workouts, you get more bang for your buck from a time perspective, says Rashelle Hoffman, a gait and walking expert in the physical therapy department at Creighton University in Omaha. Consider the American College of Sports Medicine's physical activity guidelines: All healthy adults should get moderate intensity aerobic activity for at least 30 minutes five days a week, or vigorous activity for a minimum of 20 minutes three times per week. 'Clearly, you're seeing greater benefits with less time with vigorous activity,' she says. 'We're stressing our body out more, and it's responding more readily to that.' Read More: Backward Walking Is the Best Workout You're Not Doing There's a psychological appeal, too. Interval walking enables you to feel like you're competing against yourself, Richardson says, as you get faster and ratchet up your intensity level. 'I always say that people like numbers,' she says. They give walkers a tangible goal, which can propel their desire to work out. Emily Mendez, who lives in Indianapolis, took up Japanese walking a few years ago because she tends to get bored walking at the same pace. The intervals give her something to focus on, she says, and she likes the sense of achievement she gets from short, powerful spurts of activity. 'It's like an accomplishment when you do the quicker walks,' she says. 'I do those and push myself, and then the slower walks for recovery are like a reward. It makes it more interesting, less boring, and more motivating.' The benefits of Japanese walking In one of the leading studies on interval walking, Shizue Masuki and her colleagues instructed 246 middle-age and older adults to walk at a high intensity for 30 minutes a day, more than four times a week, for five months. No one completed the program—they complained that it was too boring and difficult, says Masuki, a professor at Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan. That inspired the researchers to test interval walking instead. This time, the participants actually did it, and the results were impressive. People who followed an interval walking program for five months experienced greater increases in leg strength, thigh muscle strength, and overall physical fitness, as well as a greater reduction in blood pressure, than those who only walked at a moderate pace. Additional research with more than 700 people found that interval walking improves symptoms of lifestyle-related and age-related diseases, such as changes in cognitive function, depression, and sleep quality. Plus, the technique leads to an increase in healthy HDL cholesterol levels, improved triglyceride levels, and reduced abdominal visceral fat. More generally, research suggests that walking—which is lower impact than activities like running—contributes to bone and muscle health, reduces the risk of chronic diseases, and enhances mental wellbeing. It's often an ideal choice for people who are older or overweight, Hoffman says, as well as those newly dipping their toes into an exercise routine. 'The beauty of walking is that most people know how to do it,' she says. 'There's not a learning curve, and you don't really need to have equipment.' What counts as high intensity, anyway? In Masuki's study, participants logged three minutes of walking at 70% of their peak aerobic capacity, or VO2 max—which measures the maximum amount of oxygen your body can utilize during intense exercise—followed by three minutes at 40% of their peak aerobic capacity. While a smartwatch can provide you with this data, there's an easier way to track your intensity. Read More: Why Walking Isn't Enough When It Comes to Exercise Richardson calls it the talk test: When you're working at about 70% of your aerobic capacity, you'll be breathing heavily and able to feel your heart racing, but you'll still be able to carry on a conversation. 'It's a little bit uncomfortable, but you can still talk,' she says. If you were closer to working at 100% of your capacity, on the other hand—an extreme level that experts advise against, since your body can't get enough oxygen to fuel muscles and you'll quickly feel drained—you would not be able to speak. How to start interval walking Ready to give Japanese walking a spin? Experts suggest these tips. Slowly titrate up If three full minutes of high-intensity walking feels daunting, ease in: You could start out by picking up your pace for one minute, followed by a three-minute recovery session, Hoffman suggests. 'You won't see the benefits necessarily at those lower levels, but you'll be training your body,' she says. You don't even have to aim for a 30-minute workout. Since learning about Japanese walking on TikTok a couple months ago, Yvette Hill has been doing it during downtime, like when she's waiting in parking lots to pick up her kids from various activities. Sometimes she ramps up her intensity until she reaches one corner of the lot, then slows down until she reaches the other, tweaking the program to fit her needs. 'If you're busy, this is a great way to fit in exercise,' she says. 'It's so easy and less intimidating than jumping into the gym.' Adopt the right stance When you increase your pace and shift into a high-intensity interval, it's important to pay attention to your posture. 'Get your spine up, get your chest up, and really think about swinging your arms,' Richardson says. That helps engage more of your body, while adding power to your steps. Find a timer system that works for you Many fitness trackers, including the Apple Watch, have a built-in feature that allows you to set up your intervals in advance. That way, your device will alert you when it's time to switch gears, Hoffman says, and you don't have to fiddle with a stopwatch. Read More: Are Walking Pads Worth It? Another option: Time each interval to a favorite song. 'Most songs are about three minutes long,' Richardson says. 'That's a good way of timing your exercise.' Add some accessories If you struggle with balance issues and want to make sure you're safe, experiment with walking poles, Richardson suggests. 'They can give you an extra bit of stability,' she says. 'If someone's a little hesitant—maybe an older or deconditioned person—using a hiking stick or trekking poles can give you an extra set of so-called legs.' Be mindful of different types of terrain One of the reasons walking is so accessible is that you can do it anywhere. That said, high-intensity exercise will feel different depending if you're walking on a treadmill, nature trail, hilly roads, or the beach. 'Your heart rate's going to respond differently to all those different terrains,' Richardson says. Pay attention to what works best for you—you might find, for example, that you love the built-in challenge of walking on the sand or crave quiet moments in the park. Make it even more challenging Like any other fitness program, there are ways to adjust interval walking to fit your needs. You could wear weights on your arms or even carry small dumbbells to get a better upper body workout, Hoffman suggests. Or switch things up and do squats or lunges for one of your high-intensity intervals. 'This idea of intervals could be applied to different targeted areas of your body,' she says. 'It doesn't have to be just walking.' Contact us at letters@