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Reporter Jacquelin Robson explains what it's like to be a journalist in a conflict zone as she files from Tel Aviv, Israel

Reporter Jacquelin Robson explains what it's like to be a journalist in a conflict zone as she files from Tel Aviv, Israel

7NEWS5 hours ago

When conflict breaks out, the initial response is to run in the opposite direction, however, reporters, photojournalists and camera crews resist the natural instinct to flee to help tell stories from the ground.
Providing coverage in a conflict zone and informing the public on serious world events is one of the most impactful and important forms of journalism.
Know the news with the 7NEWS app: Download today
When Israel launched Operation Rising Lion, a surprise attack on Iran's nuclear facilities and military top brass, Channel Seven's Europe Correspondent Jacquelin Robson and cameraman James Cannon began preparing the best way to cover the development from the Middle East.
'Preparation for a conflict zone is extensive,' Robson told 7NEWS.com.au.
'(We) were given the go-ahead to get to Jordan, the best position to be in while we planned our next move, but with back-and-forth missiles, getting into the Middle East proved problematic.'
As surrounding countries closed their airspaces, multiple flights were cancelled until Robson and Cannon were finally able to board a plane at Heathrow.
However, less than an hour to their destination, they received some unexpected news.
'The pilot announced we would divert to Cairo,' Robson said.
'The stewardess told us the captain saw missiles over the skies of Jordan, forcing the unexpected detour.'
They spent three hours attempting to get some sleep on the floor of an Egyptian airport before finally boarding a new flight.
Risk assessments, security arrangements and crew bookings were all organised behind the scenes during their first few days reporting from Amman in Jordan, ultimately the decision was made to cross the border into Israel to get first-hand accounts of what was happening on the ground.
'Shortly after arriving in Tel Aviv, we had our first air raid siren,' Robson said.
'We found the hotel bunker, and it struck me how calm and nonchalant guests were.
'I would come to understand the sirens sound regularly, and it becomes part of daily life.'
Robson said she and Cannon were fortunate to have a safe space to wait out air raids, knowing that many others did not.
'We are experiencing what anxious Israelis deal with every day.'
Importance of reporting from conflict zones
The Vietnam War was the first televised war broadcast straight into people's living rooms.
Coverage of uncensored and often graphic scenes had a profound impact on the publics' perception of the war, changing the way conflict was covered forever.
Former Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, Dunja Mijatović, said the importance of press coverage of armed conflicts cannot be overstated.
'By gathering and disseminating reliable information about armed conflicts, journalists carry out a crucial mission of public interest,' she said.
Journalists in conflict zones still face significant dangers and are often targeted for their work.
In 2024, over 100 journalists were killed around the world, 361 were imprisoned and 67 remain missing, according to data from the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).
'Personally, my initial fear of the dangerous situation has settled somewhat knowing the various bunkers, safe spaces and alert system the Israeli Government has established,' Robson said.
'It puts in perspective the lives of those in the Middle East who don't have access to such well-established safety measures.'
Robson said their small crew is currently made up of a local Israeli driver and producer, a security officer, cameraman and herself as the reporter.
'All of these roles are very important to get the interviews and footage gathered safely,' she said.
'We will have decided where we are going for the day before we leave and locations are given to our security, so he can assess the area.
'Our local producer helps us navigate impact zones, she negotiates with local authorities about access to sites, the latest update from the scene and can also help with gathering talent.'
Robson said their days follow a pattern of 7NEWS evening bulletins, reported live from Israel at 9am and 11am local time, before work begins on building and editing news packages, as well as story gathering for the following night
'For food, we eat when we can and where we can, that's life as a reporter no matter the location — nothing can be scheduled when news can happen at a moment's notice,' she said.
'Our office ends up being one of our hotel rooms. It acts as a studio, control room, newsroom and then also somewhere to sleep.
'You take the moments where you can, to take a nap for an hour or two, rest when you can because you don't know when the next big strike will happen and the day is upended.'

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US attacks Iran as it happened: Albanese government supports Iranian nuclear facility bombings; Trump threatens regime change, promises to ‘Make Iran Great Again'
US attacks Iran as it happened: Albanese government supports Iranian nuclear facility bombings; Trump threatens regime change, promises to ‘Make Iran Great Again'

Sydney Morning Herald

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  • Sydney Morning Herald

US attacks Iran as it happened: Albanese government supports Iranian nuclear facility bombings; Trump threatens regime change, promises to ‘Make Iran Great Again'

Key posts 8.56pm In brief: The latest on the situation in the Middle East 8.38pm Putin and Araghchi meet in Moscow 8.21pm Israel attacking with 'unprecedented intensity', warns Iranian threat 'not behind us' 7.21pm 'Very heavy damage' expected at Fordow target: UN nuclear watchdog 6.31pm US military bases a potential target following Trump 'act of animosity': Iran ambassador 12.28pm 'Bullseye!': Trump insists Iran's nuclear assets have been destroyed 12.18pm Iran threatened Trump with 'sleeper cell' attacks inside US: report 11.38am 'Iran cannot be allowed to get a nuclear weapon': PM Hide key posts Latest posts Pinned post from yesterday 8.56pm In brief: The latest on the situation in the Middle East Thank you for joining us today as we covered the rapidly developing conflict between Israel and Iran. We'll be back tomorrow morning with more live coverage as the two countries trade missile strikes in warfare that shows no signs of easing. Here's a quick overview of the latest developments: Iran's ambassador to Australia has warned that blocking the vital Strait of Hormuz oil and gas route and attacks on US military bases were on the table. Iran said US bombing of its nuclear facilities gave it a 'free hand' to retaliate, as America urged Tehran to return to the negotiating table. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said Australia supported the US strikes on Iran to prevent the development of a nuclear weapon, but refused to share details about whether Australia provided the US with military or intelligence support beforehand. US President Donald Trump insisted Iran's nuclear assets were obliterated after conflicting messages from his administration and the military in the aftermath of the US strikes. The UN nuclear watchdog was anticipating extensive damage to the Fordow nuclear site from the US strikes, before Iranian media reported the uranium enrichment site was targeted again. Iran and Israel traded barrages of missile fire, as Israeli Defence Minister Israel Katz said the military was attacking Tehran with 'unprecedented intensity'. Large explosions were heard in Iran's capital, and Israelis were warned to take shelter. Russian President Vladimir Putin told Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi that the US aggression against Iran was groundless as the pair met in Moscow. yesterday 8.38pm Putin and Araghchi meet in Moscow Russian President Vladimir Putin has told Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi that the US aggression against Iran was groundless as the pair met in Moscow. 'The absolutely unprovoked aggression against Iran has no basis and no justification,' Putin told Araghchi in televised comments. 'For our part, we are making efforts to assist the Iranian people,' he said. 'I am very glad that you are in Moscow today, this will give us the opportunity to discuss all these pressing issues and think together about how we could get out of today's situation.' Araghchi told Putin that Iran was conducting legitimate self-defence, and thanked Russia for condemning the US. He added: 'Russia is today on the right side of history and international law.' Reuters yesterday 8.21pm Israel attacking with 'unprecedented intensity', warns Iranian threat 'not behind us' Israeli Defence Minister Israel Katz says the military is attacking Tehran targets with 'unprecedented intensity'. Israel's Defence Ministry said it hit targets including the notorious Evin Prison in the Iranian capital and the security headquarters of the paramilitary Revolutionary Guards in the latest wave of strikes. 'The Iranian dictator will be punished with full force for attacking the Israeli home front,' the ministry said. Iranian state television confirmed one Israeli strike hit the gate of Evin Prison. The report shared what appeared to be black-and-white-surveillance footage of the strike. Evin Prison is known for holding dual nationals and Westerners often used by Iran as bargaining chips in negotiations with the West. Evin also has specialised units for political prisoners and those with Western ties, run by the paramilitary Revolutionary Guard, which answers only to Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The facility is the target of both US and European Union sanctions. An Israeli military spokesperson warned the Iranian attacks on Israel 'are not behind us', and claimed the airforce has hit every Iranian base from which missiles have been launched. The spokesperson added the Israeli military chief is in regular contact with his US counterpart. With AP, Reuters yesterday 7.55pm Russia did not know details of US strike: Kremlin spokesman A Kremlin spokesman has told reporters President Donald Trump did not give detailed strike information to Russian President Vladimir Putin in advance, though they had discussed the possibility of US military involvement more generally. Spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Moscow had offered its services as a mediator between Iran and the US, and what happened next would depend on what Iran needed. He said the fate of a nation's leadership should be up to the people, referring to Trump's earlier comments about wanting to usher in a regime change in Iran. He said Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi could share Tehran's proposals in his upcoming meeting with Putin today in Moscow, where it is approaching 1pm. Peskov condemned the US strikes on Iranian nuclear sites, which he said had increased the participants embroiled in the conflict and ushered in a new spiral of escalation. Before the US strike, Moscow had warned that US military intervention could destabilise the entire region and plunge it into the 'abyss'. Russia signed a strategic partnership treaty with Iran in January, although it did not include a mutual defence clause. yesterday 7.31pm Fordow hit again, electricity outages in Iran and Israel following missile exchange Just as we report the UN nuclear watchdog was anticipating extensive damage to the Fordow nuclear site from the US strike, Iranian media is reporting the uranium enrichment site has been hit again in the latest wave of Israeli strikes. Reports offered no word on the extent of any damage. Local media says electricity has been cut in northern Tehran following the strikes, and the Red Crescent Society says a missile hit near its building. Meanwhile in Israel, electricity supply has been disrupted in the south after Iranian strikes damaged a strategic infrastructure facility, according to Israeli media. yesterday 7.21pm 'Very heavy damage' expected at Fordow target: UN nuclear watchdog The head of the United Nations nuclear watchdog says 'very heavy damage' is expected at Iran's underground facility at Fordow after the US airstrike with sophisticated bunker-buster bombs. 'Given the explosive payload utilised and the extreme vibration-sensitive nature of centrifuges, very significant damage is expected to have occurred,' head of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Rafael Grossi said in Vienna. He added that 'at this time, no one, including the IAEA, is in a position to have fully assessed the underground damage at Fordow'. AP yesterday 6.31pm US military bases a potential target following Trump 'act of animosity': Iran ambassador By Brittany Busch Iran's ambassador to Australia has warned US military bases could be targeted following Donald Trump's 'act of animosity' towards Iran. Ambassador Ahmad Sadeghi said the attacks disproved Trump's claim he was a man of peace and they would have consequences, speaking in an interview with Channel Nine in Canberra. When asked if that meant the targeting of US military and the closure of key shipping lane, the Strait of Hormuz, Sadeghi said Iran would do 'whatever necessary'. 'Islamic countries all around the world would consider this act of animosity, and they won't be silent,' he said. He denied Iran was enriching uranium to a weapons-grade level, and added his nation was friendly towards Australia. yesterday 6.06pm Iranian barrage hits Israel, Israeli media reports By Brittany Busch We reported earlier Israelis in the north of the country were being warned to take shelter as missiles were launched from Iran. The Times of Israel is reporting the assault has widened to include central and southern Israel in one of the longest Iranian attacks of the war, and that medics are responding to a ballistic missile strike in the Ashdod area in the south, though there are no reported injuries at this stage. Missiles have been seen flying over Jerusalem, and loud thuds were heard to the south of capital, according to Reuters.

Reporter Jacquelin Robson explains what it's like to be a journalist in a conflict zone as she files from Tel Aviv, Israel
Reporter Jacquelin Robson explains what it's like to be a journalist in a conflict zone as she files from Tel Aviv, Israel

7NEWS

time5 hours ago

  • 7NEWS

Reporter Jacquelin Robson explains what it's like to be a journalist in a conflict zone as she files from Tel Aviv, Israel

When conflict breaks out, the initial response is to run in the opposite direction, however, reporters, photojournalists and camera crews resist the natural instinct to flee to help tell stories from the ground. Providing coverage in a conflict zone and informing the public on serious world events is one of the most impactful and important forms of journalism. Know the news with the 7NEWS app: Download today When Israel launched Operation Rising Lion, a surprise attack on Iran's nuclear facilities and military top brass, Channel Seven's Europe Correspondent Jacquelin Robson and cameraman James Cannon began preparing the best way to cover the development from the Middle East. 'Preparation for a conflict zone is extensive,' Robson told '(We) were given the go-ahead to get to Jordan, the best position to be in while we planned our next move, but with back-and-forth missiles, getting into the Middle East proved problematic.' As surrounding countries closed their airspaces, multiple flights were cancelled until Robson and Cannon were finally able to board a plane at Heathrow. However, less than an hour to their destination, they received some unexpected news. 'The pilot announced we would divert to Cairo,' Robson said. 'The stewardess told us the captain saw missiles over the skies of Jordan, forcing the unexpected detour.' They spent three hours attempting to get some sleep on the floor of an Egyptian airport before finally boarding a new flight. Risk assessments, security arrangements and crew bookings were all organised behind the scenes during their first few days reporting from Amman in Jordan, ultimately the decision was made to cross the border into Israel to get first-hand accounts of what was happening on the ground. 'Shortly after arriving in Tel Aviv, we had our first air raid siren,' Robson said. 'We found the hotel bunker, and it struck me how calm and nonchalant guests were. 'I would come to understand the sirens sound regularly, and it becomes part of daily life.' Robson said she and Cannon were fortunate to have a safe space to wait out air raids, knowing that many others did not. 'We are experiencing what anxious Israelis deal with every day.' Importance of reporting from conflict zones The Vietnam War was the first televised war broadcast straight into people's living rooms. Coverage of uncensored and often graphic scenes had a profound impact on the publics' perception of the war, changing the way conflict was covered forever. Former Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, Dunja Mijatović, said the importance of press coverage of armed conflicts cannot be overstated. 'By gathering and disseminating reliable information about armed conflicts, journalists carry out a crucial mission of public interest,' she said. Journalists in conflict zones still face significant dangers and are often targeted for their work. In 2024, over 100 journalists were killed around the world, 361 were imprisoned and 67 remain missing, according to data from the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ). 'Personally, my initial fear of the dangerous situation has settled somewhat knowing the various bunkers, safe spaces and alert system the Israeli Government has established,' Robson said. 'It puts in perspective the lives of those in the Middle East who don't have access to such well-established safety measures.' Robson said their small crew is currently made up of a local Israeli driver and producer, a security officer, cameraman and herself as the reporter. 'All of these roles are very important to get the interviews and footage gathered safely,' she said. 'We will have decided where we are going for the day before we leave and locations are given to our security, so he can assess the area. 'Our local producer helps us navigate impact zones, she negotiates with local authorities about access to sites, the latest update from the scene and can also help with gathering talent.' Robson said their days follow a pattern of 7NEWS evening bulletins, reported live from Israel at 9am and 11am local time, before work begins on building and editing news packages, as well as story gathering for the following night 'For food, we eat when we can and where we can, that's life as a reporter no matter the location — nothing can be scheduled when news can happen at a moment's notice,' she said. 'Our office ends up being one of our hotel rooms. It acts as a studio, control room, newsroom and then also somewhere to sleep. 'You take the moments where you can, to take a nap for an hour or two, rest when you can because you don't know when the next big strike will happen and the day is upended.'

Questions over the legitimacy of the US-Israeli attack on Iran fail to grasp the threat — and the opportunity - ABC Religion & Ethics
Questions over the legitimacy of the US-Israeli attack on Iran fail to grasp the threat — and the opportunity - ABC Religion & Ethics

ABC News

time7 hours ago

  • ABC News

Questions over the legitimacy of the US-Israeli attack on Iran fail to grasp the threat — and the opportunity - ABC Religion & Ethics

In the early morning hours of 13 June, Israel launched Operation Rising Lion. Since then, Israeli jets, drones and Mossad agents have targeted nuclear facilities, anti-aircraft batteries, missile launchers and military bases, and have killed a growing list of senior Iranian commanders and nuclear scientists. Iran retaliated by launching a barrage of drones and ballistic missiles at Israel, most of which were intercepted by Israel's sophisticated multi-layered air defence systems. Then, on 22 June, US B-2 stealth bombers reportedly dropped around fourteen GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrators (MOPs) — otherwise known as 'bunker buster' bombs — and around sixty other 'precision guided weapons' on the fortified underground Iranian nuclear sites in Fordo, Natanz and Isfahan. An operational timeline of a strike on Iran is displayed during a news conference with Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force General Dan Caine and US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth at the Pentagon on 22 June 2025 in Arlington, Virginia. (Photo by Andrew Harnik / Getty Images) This dramatic turn of events marks the crescendo to a series of seismic shifts in the Middle East that began on 7 October 2023 with Hamas' terror attack on southern Israel — the worst such violence in Israel's history. Over the subsequent two years, Israel has set about dismantling the network of Iranian proxies surrounding its borders and re-established deterrence. Neutralising Iran's atomic and long-range missile capabilities opens the door to a new regional balance of power, and offers hope for a more stable and prosperous future for millions in the region. The debate over the war's legality No sooner had the conflict with Iran commenced than debates erupted over the legality of Israel's actions. Some scholars argue that self-defence under international law only justifies pre-emptive strikes when the threat is imminent. Since Iran did not yet possess nuclear weapons and was allegedly not poised to attack Israel, they argue that Israel's 'aggression' was illegal. The opposing view contends that Israel and Iran were already in a state of war, citing Iran's massive missile and drone attacks on Israel in April and October 2024. Therefore, they argue, Israel's current offensive is a lawful continuation of that conflict. There was also substantial evidence supporting the imminence of an Iranian threat. Recently released intelligence suggested that Tehran was accelerating its weaponisation of highly enriched uranium and restocking thousands of new ballistic missiles. Additionally, Iran is governed by religious zealots who openly threaten to destroy Israel — words backed by their actions over the last two years. Combined with Iran's destabilising activities across the region and assassination attempts against dissidents and world leaders — including Donald Trump — the threat appears to have been immediate and grave. Fire and smoke rise into the sky after an Israeli attack on the Shahran oil depot on 15 June 2025 in Tehran, Iran. (Photo by Stringer / Getty Images) Perhaps understandably, many Israelis view international law and the UN with a degree of scepticism. The 'automatic majority' of states in the UN General Assembly hostile to Israel has led to numerous anti-Israel and antisemitic resolutions — such as the repealed 1975 resolution equating Zionism with racism. In 1955, Israel's founding father, David Ben-Gurion, famously mocked the UN as 'UM-Shmum' (a dismissive play on the Hebrew acronym for the UN). The sheer number of highly critical resolutions directed at Israel following 7 October 2023 by the UN and international law institutions like the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court has reinforced the Israeli belief that international law is often being used as a political tool against the Jewish state's right to self-determination. Many Israelis argue that the application of international law at the UN and other bodies embodies clear a double-standard grounded in this politicisation: obsessively scrutinising Israeli actions while ignoring the crimes of Hamas, Hezbollah and Iran — a regime notorious for repressing any opposition, women, LGBTQ+ people and minorities. Israel is often accused of human rights violations, particularly in Gaza. Yet it remains a democracy with robust judicial oversight — which were threatened by the Netanyahu government's proposed judicial overhaul, but remains healthy. Such safeguards are entirely absent in the Islamic Republic, where the judiciary is simply a tool of the clerical leadership. The operational window opens The legal debate over Israel's actions, while important, has been largely irrelevant to the pace of events on the ground. It was not a decisive factor in Israel's decision-making regarding Iran. Unlike superpowers, Israel cannot rely on prolonged operational flexibility. The rules-based order that prevailed after the Second World War deliberately complicates the ability to launch rapid pre-emptive actions — especially for a country like Israel, whose right to self-defence is often denied by many nations and some UN officials. Since surprise is essential to pre-emptive success, Israel had to act decisively. This is the essence of the 'Begin Doctrine', which underpinned Israeli strikes on nuclear reactors in Iraq (1981) and Syria (2007), and applies to Iran today. The operational window matured earlier this year, leading to the decision to move before it closed again. Politically, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said he decided to move forward against Iran as soon as Donald Trump was re-elected in November 2024. Over the intervening period, there seems to have been clear coordination between Israel and the United States. Then, a damning report from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on Iran's nuclear enrichment programme in late-May led the agency's Board of Governors to declare on 12 June that Iran is in 'non-compliance' with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) — a major diplomatic milestone. Once the sixty-day ultimatum for Iran to conclude negotiations announced by President Trump expired, Israel launched its assault — an act that was widely seen as punishment for Iran's intransigence in its negotiations with the Trump administration. Maxar Satellite Imagery provides a close-up view of several large craters puncturing the ridge directly above the Fordo underground complex. (Satellite image © 2025 Maxar Technologies / Getty Images) Military readiness and a dramatic reduction of Iran's deterrence vis-à-vis Israel also played an important role. By late 2024, Israel had reduced Hamas to a guerilla force and gained control over much of the Gaza Strip. A surprise campaign against Hezbollah in September — which began with exploding pagers and a ground invasion of southern Lebanon — led to a ceasefire that left Iran's most powerful proxy severely weakened and politically isolated. This left Hezbollah with no legitimacy to drag Lebanon, which is still recovering from the war, into another round of clashes with Israel, and a government in Beirut working to disarm it. Ensuring airspace superiority en route to the Iranian sites was another factor. Following the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime in December, Israel destroyed Syrian anti-aircraft installations. The new ruler in Damascus, Ahmed al-Sharaa, expelled Iranian forces and was later embraced by President Trump. Syria, now fragmented and ruled by a weak central authority, no longer poses a threat to Israel. In Iraq, under pressure from the United States, Iranian-backed Shi'ite militias are losing influence as Baghdad moves to disarm them. In October 2024, Israeli jets reportedly used Iraqi airspace to strike deep into Iran, demonstrating their long-range operational reach. More importantly, they struck Iran's most advanced air-defence systems, leaving it 'essentially naked' against an airborne attack. The 'day after' and political considerations For now, the United States and other key international players support Israel. German Chancellor Friedrich Merz reportedly said Israel is 'doing the dirty work for all of us', and Middle Eastern states — including the influential Saudi Arabia — quietly support Israel's efforts to eliminate a shared threat. However, questions are emerging within Israel. With no resolution in Gaza after twenty months of fighting, many now ask whether Netanyahu is again entering a war without a clear exit strategy. Some hope the Iran campaign may finally bring closure — securing a deal with Hamas, releasing hostages and ending the suffering of both Israelis and Palestinians. Iranians are a proud nation, and the Islamic Republic is still standing. Following a massive and humiliating assault, if the regime survives, the ayatollahs will most likely be more determined than ever to acquire nuclear weapons as a guarantee of survival. To secure a real victory, Israel will need US leadership in brokering a ceasefire that includes robust and penetrating monitoring of Iran. As for regime change in Tehran, while revolutions are inherently unpredictable, such ambitions probably remain unrealistic at this stage. Without a strong domestic opposition, foreign bombing campaigns alone most likely cannot topple the regime. US President Donald Trump, accompanied by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, speaks during a meeting in the Oval Office of the White House on 7 April 2025 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Kevin Dietsch / Getty Images) Politically, Netanyahu has begun to see a steady rise in the polls following the apparent success of the Iran operation. Yet his critics argue that, as with Gaza, his push to attack Iran was influenced by political motivations — maintaining his coalition with hardline right-wing parties, which are now claiming credit for the campaign, the same way they 'boasted' after blocking attempts to reach a ceasefire with Hamas. Above all, Netanyahu is seeking to reshape the narrative about his legacy. Until recently, his story was about Israel's longest-serving prime minister who divided Israeli society over controversial judicial reforms, enabled Hamas to increase its power in Gaza leading to the terrible shock of 7 October, and was working to enable the bill which would legitimise military exemptions for ultra-Orthodox youth during wartime. More than anything, it seems, Netanyahu wants to remove the stain of his direct responsibility — which he refuses to admit — for the 7 October attack. Perhaps he now hopes to be remembered instead as the leader who brought Iran to its knees, ending an existential threat to Israel and changing the regional power balance in her favour. These are historic times. In the coming weeks, we will see whether the bold Israeli and American intervention has sown the seeds of peace — or of the next war. Ran Porat is teaches Israel and Middle Eastern Affairs at Monash University and is a research associate at the Australian Centre for Jewish Civilisation. He is also a research associate at the Australia/Israel & Jewish Affairs Council (AIJAC) and a research fellow at the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism at Reichman University in Herzliya.

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