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Hiroshima bombing survivors call for end to nuclear weapons, as thousands to gather for 80th anniversary

Hiroshima bombing survivors call for end to nuclear weapons, as thousands to gather for 80th anniversary

Kunihiko Iida was only three when the world around him suddenly went black.
Trapped under the rubble of his grandpa's house after the world's first nuclear attack, the young boy tried to scream for help.
"I tried to call out to my mother 'help me', but I couldn't make a sound," he recalls.
"I had no idea where anyone was. No-one was crying, no-one was making a sound."
The atomic bombing of Hiroshima was one of the final and most drastic acts of World War II.
The United States had urged Japan to surrender or face utter destruction.
When the threats failed, the bomb known as "Little Boy" was deployed on the morning of August 6, 1945.
The city centre was immediately wiped out, with estimates of up to 80,000 people killed in an instant.
Many others suffered severe burns and would die soon after.
Mr Iida was lucky to have survived. The home he was staying in was only 900 metres from ground zero.
At the time, Mr Iida's grandfather was outside using the toilet, and was able to free his family from under the rubble.
"There were people whose clothes had burned away, their skin peeling off," Mr Iida recalls.
"If they tried to lower their arms, the skin would stick together.
"The next morning, at dawn, when I looked around, almost everyone was dead."
Today, thousands of people will gather in Hiroshima near ground zero to remember the catastrophic attack, with an overwhelming message: history must never be repeated.
It wasn't just the fireball that caused the carnage.
Radiation sickness also took hold, causing thousands to literally rot away while alive.
By the year's end, some 140,000 people were dead.
Those who survived radiation endured a lifetime of health problems. Many children in their mothers' wombs suffered birth defects.
Many survivors also endured discrimination in the years afterwards, as Japanese civilians feared atomic bomb survivors would be infected and create disfigured offspring.
Among the victims were thousands of Koreans who had been brought to Japan as forced labour during Japan's colonisation of the Peninsula.
Jin Ho Kim, 79, was exposed to radiation as an unborn baby. He's suffered various health problems, but it's proven impossible for doctors to confirm if radiation exposure is to blame.
"Not many people know the facts that so many people from the Korean Peninsula were exposed to radiation and died," he said.
"There were rumours that people exposed to radiation couldn't get married, couldn't find jobs, or couldn't have children.
"My parents had this rule that they absolutely wouldn't talk about the fact that they had been exposed to the bomb."
Just three days after the attack, the port city of Nagasaki was also struck.
Some 74,000 people died from the blast and subsequent injuries.
With the Soviet Union also declaring war on Japan, the emperor finally broke a political deadlock in his war council and announced the country's surrender.
The war was over.
Survivors of the atomic bombings are known as Hibakusha.
They led a campaign for compensation, initially winning medical costs, and then finally getting national financial assistance in 1981.
There's been another driving force uniting the Hibakusha: to push for a world free of nuclear weapons.
Last year, Satoshi Tanaka joined other survivors on a trip to Norway, where the Hibakusha were awarded a Nobel Peace Prize.
"We have two major demands," he said.
"To eliminate nuclear weapons, which are the root of all evil for humanity, and to prevent any more victims of nuclear weapons."
But with tensions in the Middle East, war between Russia and Ukraine, and China's threats of invading Taiwan, many fear the world is too close to another nuclear attack.
"How can we influence, even by a millimetre, a handful of leaders who hold the nuclear buttons?" he said.
"These are the very people who pay no heed to the Nobel Peace Prize, who turn a blind eye to it.
"We are calling on them to listen to the voices of the atomic bomb survivors."
The few surviving elderly Hibakusha are determined that their voice will never be lost, long after they've passed away.
"Most people have no idea about the power of the atomic bomb," Mr Iida says.
"Modern nuclear weapons are hundreds of times more powerful than those bombs.
"They're unusable."
ABC/wires
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Tsutomu Yamaguchi: The man who survived both atomic bombs
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Tsutomu Yamaguchi: The man who survived both atomic bombs

There are not many people who have survived a nuclear attack. There is only one person who officially survived two. On this day, 80 years ago, young engineer Tsutomu Yamaguchi was telling his boss about the horrors he had seen in the Japanese city of Hiroshima when the room went blindingly white. "I thought the mushroom cloud had followed me from Hiroshima," he told UK Newspaper, The Independent. Yamaguchi was an engineer with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries when the United States dropped atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Yamaguchi, then 29, was in Hiroshima for a business trip when the bomb known as 'Little Boy' was deployed, killing tens of thousands in a flash, and leaving scores with burns so severe their skin draped off their bodies. The young engineer was around 3 kilometres from ground zero and suffered temporary blindness and deafness in one eardrum. 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Once the children moved out, the couple jetted off overseas in the 1970s, visiting Italy, Greece, Portugal and the south of France before they settled in their last home together in Nelson Bay. "She lived in her Nelson Bay house until she was 102," Mrs Owens said. "She was mowing the lawn until she was 97 and still driving." The almost-107-year-old has four grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren, and two great-great-grandchildren. Clara (Win) Follett is turning 107 years old. Her secret? Salt and a little bit of scotch. "Good food is the main thing; we didn't have sweets and ice cream and all this muck," she said. "Work hard, use your brains, don't do what other people do, do your own thing." Sitting with her daughter, Sandy Owens, at Mayfield Aged Care, Mrs Follett reminisced about her childhood on a sheep farm in Merrriwa. Born on August 18th 1918, as Clara Winsome Collins, most called her Win from a very young age. 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After a few years, they travelled in a small caravan pulled by their trusty Holden from Shepparton in Victoria to Brisbane. Eventually, they bought a block of flats in Port Macquarie, in an area surrounded by vegetable gardens and rural properties. Once the children moved out, the couple jetted off overseas in the 1970s, visiting Italy, Greece, Portugal and the south of France before they settled in their last home together in Nelson Bay. "She lived in her Nelson Bay house until she was 102," Mrs Owens said. "She was mowing the lawn until she was 97 and still driving." The almost-107-year-old has four grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren, and two great-great-grandchildren. Clara (Win) Follett is turning 107 years old. Her secret? Salt and a little bit of scotch. "Good food is the main thing; we didn't have sweets and ice cream and all this muck," she said. "Work hard, use your brains, don't do what other people do, do your own thing." Sitting with her daughter, Sandy Owens, at Mayfield Aged Care, Mrs Follett reminisced about her childhood on a sheep farm in Merrriwa. Born on August 18th 1918, as Clara Winsome Collins, most called her Win from a very young age. The youngest of eight, with five brothers and two sisters, Mrs Follett spent her early years riding horses and hunting rabbits. "I didn't play with dolls, I played with hammers and saws and things my brothers played with," she said. "When I was 18, I used to roll my father's cigarettes, back when they had real tobacco." The 106-year-old hasn't smoked since the 1960s, but she busted out the cigarette rolling skills a few years ago, and turns out, she still has it. "She hasn't lost her touch," her daughter said. At the age of 10, Mrs Follett started school in Muswellbrook, but she skipped a few grades. "I knew more than the other kids, all my brothers and sisters had taught me," she said. After World War II, she married her husband, Albert Kinglesy Follett, in Muswellbrook. Thirteen years her senior, Mr Follett had grown up in Scone on a dairy farm. The couple settled on a dairy farm at Meadows in the Adelaide Hills district with their two children, Daryl and Sandy. After a few years, they travelled in a small caravan pulled by their trusty Holden from Shepparton in Victoria to Brisbane. Eventually, they bought a block of flats in Port Macquarie, in an area surrounded by vegetable gardens and rural properties. Once the children moved out, the couple jetted off overseas in the 1970s, visiting Italy, Greece, Portugal and the south of France before they settled in their last home together in Nelson Bay. "She lived in her Nelson Bay house until she was 102," Mrs Owens said. "She was mowing the lawn until she was 97 and still driving." The almost-107-year-old has four grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren, and two great-great-grandchildren.

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