
Live Updates: U.S. Tariffs Take Effect, a New Step in Trump's Trade War
It's been hard to keep track of the state of tariffs ever since. Mr. Trump has frequently issued updates over social media, threatening new tariffs on countries and companies alike, leveraging them to insert himself into foreign affairs and celebrating 'deals' that were often far from complete.
Mr. Trump's strategy has upended diplomatic ties, shaken markets and confounded entire industries. The tariffs target nations that supply a wide variety of goods to the United States, and Americans are likely to see higher prices on cars, electronics, groceries, liquors, lumber and gas.
And Mr. Trump's tariff campaign shows no signs of slowing down. On July 27, the European Union and the United States reached a preliminary trade deal after weeks of negotiations. On Aug. 1, he is set to impose another round of taxes on imports from many countries, including Canada and Mexico.
Here's a timeline of President Trump's widening โ and constantly shifting โ tariffs.
Jan. 20 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐ฝ
Hours after he was sworn in, Mr. Trump announced that he would implement additional 25 percent tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico starting on Feb. 1, accusing both countries of not doing enough to stop the flow of drugs and migrants into the United States. Read more โบ
Jan. 26 ๐จ๐ด
Surprising even some of his own staff members, Mr. Trump announced on social media that he would immediately impose 25 percent tariffs on all goods from Colombia โ and would raise them to 50 percent in one week โ after its government turned back planes carrying deported immigrants. Colombia's president, Gustavo Petro, briefly threatened tariffs of his own. But he quickly backed down, and soon so did Mr. Trump. That evening, the White House released a statement saying the government of Colombia had 'agreed to all of President Trump's terms' and the 'tariffs and sanctions will be held in reserve.' Read more โบ
Feb. 1 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐ฝ ๐จ๐ณ
Mr. Trump signed an executive order imposing 25 percent tariffs on nearly all goods from Canada and Mexico, and a 10 percent tariff on China. The president said the tariffs were levied in response to his concerns about fentanyl smuggling and illegal immigration. Canada and Mexico said they would retaliate with tariffs of their own. China threatened 'countermeasures.' Read more โบ
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transcript Trudeau Announces Retaliatory Tariffs Against the U.S. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada laid out plans to impose more than $100 billion in retaliatory tariffs against the United States, and made clear that Canada was doing so reluctantly.
I want to speak directly to Americans, our closest friends and neighbors. This is a choice that, yes, will harm Canadians, but beyond that, it will have real consequences for you. Tariffs against Canada will put your jobs at risk, potentially shutting down American auto assembly plants and other manufacturing facilities. They will raise costs for you, including food at the grocery stores and gas at the pump. We don't want to be here. We didn't ask for this. But we will not back down in standing up both for Canadians and for the incredible, successful relationship and partnership between Canada and the United States.
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada laid out plans to impose more than $100 billion in retaliatory tariffs against the United States, and made clear that Canada was doing so reluctantly.
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Justin Tang/The Canadian Press, vรญa Associated Press
Feb. 2 ๐
Facing widespread criticism over his tariff threats and their possible consequences for the economy, Mr. Trump acknowledged the possible negative consequences of the tariffs on social media. 'WILL THERE BE SOME PAIN? YES, MAYBE (AND MAYBE NOT!),' he said.
Feb. 3 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐ฝ ๐ช๐บ
Mr. Trump agreed to a 30-day pause of his tariffs on Mexico and Canada while at the same time threatening new tariffs against the European Union. Read more โบ
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Mexican Government TV via Reuters
Feb. 4 ๐จ๐ณ
Mr. Trump's 10 percent tariffs on Chinese imports went into effect, and China responded with a series of retaliatory steps, including additional tariffs on products from the United States. Read more โบ
Feb. 7 ๐
Mr. Trump said he would broaden his trade war and introduce reciprocal tariffs on other countries but did not specify which countries would be affected. Read more โบ
Feb. 10 ๐
Mr. Trump resurrected a 25 percent tariff on all foreign steel and aluminum, restarting an old fight from his first term. Read more โบ
Feb. 13 ๐
Mr. Trump described a plan for broad reciprocal tariffs on America's trading partners, moves that would represent a dramatic overhaul of the global trading system. The goal, he said, was to force companies to bring manufacturing back to the United States. Read more โบ
Feb. 14 ๐
Mr. Trump said he would proceed with a plan to impose unspecified tariffs on foreign cars on April 2. He said he had planned to announce the tariffs April 1, which is April Fools' Day, but pushed it because he was 'a little superstitious.' Read more โบ
Feb. 25 ๐
An executive order directed Mr. Trump's commerce secretary, Howard Lutnick, to investigate whether foreign production of copper posed a risk to national security, raising the prospects of tariffs on the material. White House officials did not share how much those tariffs would be, or when the inquiry could conclude. Read more โบ
Feb. 27 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐ฝ ๐จ๐ณ
The president said the tariffs against Canada and Mexico โ and an additional 10 percent tariff on Chinese goods โ would go into effect on March 4 'as scheduled.' He said on social media that the action was necessary because 'Drugs are still pouring into our Country from Mexico and Canada at very high and unacceptable levels,' a claim not always supported by U.S. government reports. Read more โบ
March 1 ๐จ๐ฆ
Mr. Trump directed Mr. Lutnick to investigate whether imports of lumber threaten American national security. The results of the inquiry could lead to more tariffs on Canada, the largest exporter of wood to the United States. Read more โบ
March 4 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐ฝ ๐จ๐ณ
Tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico and China โ the largest U.S. trading partners โ went into effect. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada responded with tariffs of 25 percent on $155 billion of American goods. Read more โบ
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The United States launched a trade war against Canada, their closest partner and ally, their closest friend. At the same time, they're talking about working positively with Russia, appeasing Vladimir Putin, a lying, murderous dictator. Make that make sense. Canadians are reasonable and we are polite, but we will not back down from a fight. Not when our country and the well-being of everyone in it is at stake. At the moment, the U.S. tariffs came into effect in the early hours of this morning, and so did the Canadian response. Canada will be implementing 25 percent tariffs against $155 billion worth of American goods, starting with tariffs on $30 billion worth of goods immediately, and tariffs on the remaining $125 billion of American products in 21 days time.
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CTV, via Associated Press
March 5 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐ฝ
Under fire from U.S. automakers, Mr. Trump said he would pause tariffs on cars coming into the United States from Canada and Mexico for one month. The announcement came after he held a call with representatives from General Motors, the Ford Motor Company and Stellantis.
In a news conference, President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico said that if tariffs remained in place, the Mexican government would announce retaliatory measures on March 9.
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Mexico Government TV, via Reuters
March 6 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ฒ๐ฝ
Just as they were in Mr. Trump's first term, many of the tariffs placed on Canadian and Mexican products are suspended. Mr. Trump said that his reversal on tariffs he had framed as vital to America's security had 'nothing to do with the market' after the tariff news sent shock waves through the economy. He said he would still impose 25 percent tariffs on imports of steel and aluminum on March 12, and that reciprocal tariffs on all U.S. trading partners were still on track for April 2. Read more โบ
March 10 ๐จ๐ณ ๐จ๐ฆ
The Chinese government began imposing tariffs on many farm products from the United States. The tariffs included an additional 15 percent on American farm products like chicken and corn, and a 10 percent on products like soybeans and fruit.
Ontario, Canada's most populous province, announced its own tariffs, including a 25 percent surcharge on the electricity exported to Michigan, Minnesota and New York. Read more โบ
March 11 ๐จ๐ฆ
Furious at what he labeled an 'abusive threat from Canada,' Mr. Trump threatened to double tariffs on Canadian steel and aluminum imports in response to the electricity surcharge. Both sides backed down after several hours. Doug Ford, the premier of Ontario, said he would suspend the electricity surcharge, and Mr. Trump said he would 'probably' reduce the tariff on Canadian metals. Read more โบ
March 12 ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ช๐บ
The European Union and Canada announced billions of dollars in retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goods, but European leaders said they would hold back on their tariffs until April 1 โ making it clear that they would prefer not to enact them, and would like to negotiate with Mr. Trump instead. 'Tariffs are taxes,' said Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, the bloc's executive arm. Read more โบ
March 13 ๐ช๐บ
Citing the European Union's plans for 50 percent tariffs on U.S. whiskey and several other American products, set to kick in on April 1, Mr. Trump floated one of his largest tariff threats to date: a 200 percent charge on all wines, Champagnes and alcoholic products from the E.U.'s member nations. Read more โบ
March 24 ๐
Countries who purchase oil from Venezuela โ either directly or from a third party โ faced tariffs of 25 percent on their exports to the United States, to begin on or after April 2. Read more โบ
March 26 ๐
Mr. Trump said he would impose a 25 percent tariff on all cars and car parts shipped into the United States, including American brands assembled overseas. Read more โบ
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transcript World Leaders React to Trump's Auto Tariffs President Trump's announcement of 25 percent tariffs on imported cars and auto parts prompted world leaders to rebuke the decision.
'It's my solemn promise that when President Trump threatens us again, we will fight back. We will fight back with everything we have to get the best deal for Canada.'
President Trump's announcement of 25 percent tariffs on imported cars and auto parts prompted world leaders to rebuke the decision.
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Nic Antaya for The New York Times
April 2 ๐
A 10 percent tariff was applied to all nations importing goods to the United States โ unless a tariff had already been announced on a product or industry. But that base line 10 percent was to be supplemented in certain cases by additional reciprocal tariffs that vary by nation. That meant dozens of countries, including many U.S. allies, faced tariffs far higher than they expected. Read more โบ
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transcript Trump Announces Tariffs on Global Trading Partners During a news conference, President Trump announced that he would impose a baseline 10 percent tariff on all trading partners, as well as double-digit 'reciprocal tariffs' on dozens of other countries.
This is one of the most important days, in my opinion, in American history. It's our declaration of economic independence. Jobs and factories will come roaring back into our country. China โ first row, China 67 percent, that's tariffs charged to the U.S.A., including currency manipulation and trade barriers. So 67 percent, so we're going to be charging a discounted reciprocal tariff of 34 percent, I think. In other words, they charge us, we charge them. We charge them less. So how can anybody be upset? They will be because we never charge anybody anything. But now we're going to charge. European Union, they're very tough, very, very tough traders. You think of European Union, very friendly. They rip us off. It's so sad to see. It's going to be 'Liberation Day' in America. And it's going to be a day that hopefully you're going to look back in years to come and you're going to say, you know, he was right. This has turned out to be one of the most important days in the history of our country.
During a news conference, President Trump announced that he would impose a baseline 10 percent tariff on all trading partners, as well as double-digit 'reciprocal tariffs' on dozens of other countries.
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Doug Mills/The New York Times
April 4 ๐จ๐ณ
China's Finance Ministry announced a 34 percent tariff on imports from the United States, matching Mr. Trump's plans for 34 percent tariffs on exports from China. The Chinese Commerce Ministry also barred a group of 11 American companies from doing business in China. Read more โบ
April 5 ๐ป๐ณ
Vietnam asked Mr. Trump to delay imposing tariffs for at least 45 days. The United States is Vietnam's largest export market, and the 46 percent tariff rate was among the highest any country faced. Read more โบ
April 7 ๐ง๐ฉ๐จ๐ณ
Bangladesh asked for a three-month reprieve before any tariffs would be imposed on its exports to the United States. Read more โบ
Mr. Trump threatened to counter Beijing's retaliatory tariffs with an additional 50 percent tariff on China. Those tariffs would be additive, meaning that China could face 104 percent taxes on all exports. Read more โบ
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Lin Jian, the spokesman for the Chinese Foreign Ministry, accused the United States of 'economic bullying' after President Trump threatened an additional 50 percent tariff on Chinese imports.
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Associated Press
April 9 ๐
Mr. Trump's punishing tariffs on some of America's biggest trading partners took effect. Chinese goods were subject to a 104 percent tariff, European goods faced a 20 percent import tax, Japanese goods were taxed 24 percent and Vietnamese products 46 percent.
China responded with an additional 50 percent tariff on U.S. goods, meaning they faced an additional 84 percent import tax. China's new tariffs took effect 12 hours after Mr. Trump's tariffs went into place. Read more โบ
The European Union also approved new tariffs against the United States, to take effect the following week. Read more โบ
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transcript Trump Pauses 'Reciprocal' Tariffs for Most Countries President Trump decided to pause his 'reciprocal' tariffs on most countries, excluding China, just hours after they went into effect.
'Hello, everybody.' [clapping] 'Can you walk us through your thinking about why you decided to put a 90-day pause.' 'Well, I thought that people were jumping a little bit out of line. They were getting yippy, you know. They were getting a little bit yippy, a little bit afraid.' 'Well, I'm not calling it a trade war, but I am saying that China has escalated, and President Trump responded very courageously to that. And we are going to work on a solution with our trading partners. You might even say that he goaded China into a bad position. They responded โ they have shown themselves to the world to be the bad actors. And we are willing to cooperate with our allies and with our trading partners who did not retaliate. It wasn't a hard message. Don't retaliate. Things will turn out well.' [unclear] 'I'll take a look at this. As time goes by, we're going to take a look at it. There are some that have been hard. There are some that, by the nature of the company, get hit a little bit harder. And we'll take a look at that.' [unclear] 'Just instinctively, more than anything else. I mean, you almost can't take a pencil to paper. It's really more of an instinct, I think, than anything else.'
President Trump decided to pause his 'reciprocal' tariffs on most countries, excluding China, just hours after they went into effect.
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Eric Lee/The New York Times
โฆ later on April 9 ๐
In an abrupt reversal, Mr. Trump said he would back down on his reciprocal tariffs for the next 90 days, bringing tariff levels to a universal 10 percent.
China would not be included in that pause, he said. Instead, he raised tariffs on its exports to 125 percent after Beijing announced a new round of retaliation.
April 10 ๐จ๐ณ๐ช๐บ
The White House clarified that the 125 percent tariff on Chinese goods was in addition to a 20 percent tariff that Mr. Trump had already imposed on China, bringing the total tariffs on China imposed by the Trump administration to 145 percent.
The European Union announced a plan to pause its own reciprocal tariffs in response to Mr. Trump's reversal. Read more โบ
April 11 ๐
Mr. Trump issued a ruling that spared many electronics โ including smartphones, computers, semiconductors and routes and modems โ from some new tariffs. The long list of imports, which include Chinese products, would be exempt from reciprocal tariffs, but other levies would still apply. Read more โบ
April 13 ๐
The electronics exceptions announced on April 11 were recast as temporary by Mr. Trump and his top aides. Mr. Trump said he would be pursuing new tariffs on computer chips. Read more โบ
April 29 ๐
Mr. Trump signed two executive orders that reversed course on some tariffs for carmakers. The 25 percent tariffs were modified so they would not be 'stacked' with other tariffs such as those on steel and aluminum, a White House official said. Read more โบ
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transcript U.S. and British Leaders Celebrate Agreement on Trade Framework President Trump and Prime Minister Keir Starmer announced an agreement for a trade framework over speakerphone.
'With this deal, the U.K. joins the United States in affirming that reciprocity and fairness is an essential and vital principle of international trade. We really do, we have a great relationship. I want to just say that the representatives of U.K. have been so professional, and it's been an honor doing business with all of them, and in particular the prime minister. And I'd like to introduce him now to say a few words. Mr. Prime Minister, please take it away.' 'Thank you, Mr. President โ Donald โ and this is a really fantastic historic day in which we can announce this deal between our two great countries. And I think it's a real tribute to the history that we have of working so closely together.'
President Trump and Prime Minister Keir Starmer announced an agreement for a trade framework over speakerphone.
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Eric Lee/The New York Times
May 8 ๐ฌ๐ง
The United States and Britain reached a deal that would reduce tariffs on some imports. Under the agreement, Britain would drop its tariffs on some U.S. products and the United States would pare back tariffs on cars and steel, while keeping a 10 percent levy in place for all British exports. But the deal has not been finalized, and there could be weeks of negotiations to come. Read more โบ
May 12 ๐จ๐ณ
The White House agreed to back off, for now, from its steepest tariffs against China. Under the agreement, the United States would cut tariffs on Chinese imports to 30 percent from 145 percent, and China would reduce its levies on American goods to 10 percent from 125 percent. Read more โบ
May 23 ๐ช๐บ
In a post on social media, Mr. Trump threatened higher tariffs on the European Union, saying that discussions 'are going nowhere.' He recommended a 50 percent tariff on European imports that would begin June 1. Read more โบ
May 25 ๐ช๐บ
After a phone call with Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, Mr. Trump said he would delay imposing his threatened 50 percent tariffs on all imports from the European Union until July 9 to allow more time for trade negotiations. Read more โบ
May 30 ๐
Speaking to steelworkers near Pittsburgh, Mr. Trump pledged to double tariffs on steel to 50 percent, from 25 percent. He also endorsed a 'planned partnership' between U.S. Steel and Nippon Steel before conceding that he had not seen or signed off on the details of the deal. Read more โบ
June 4 ๐
Tariffs on steel and aluminum imports rose to 50 percent from 25 percent just after midnight. The White House said the increase would address 'trade practices that undermine national security.' Read more โบ
June 16 ๐ฌ๐ง
The United States and Britain finalized their trade agreement to lower tariffs on British cars, steel and aluminum, and aerospace equipment. Read more โบ
June 27 ๐จ๐ณ
China confirmed the details of a trade framework with the Trump administration a day after Mr. Trump said his administration had 'signed' a deal with China. The deal, China's Ministry of Commerce said, would loosen exports of rare earth minerals to the United States and lift some restrictions on U.S. goods to China. Read more โบ
July 2 ๐ป๐ณ
The United States agreed to a trade deal with Vietnam that would indirectly affect China, an important trading partner of Vietnam. The provision, Mr. Trump said, would impose a 20 percent tariff on all imports and a 40 percent tariff on any 'transshipping.' Read more โบ
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transcript Trump Says Countries Will Receive Letters About New Tariffs Speaking to the press after arriving at Joint Base Andrews, President Trump said the tariffs would range from 10 to 70 percent. 'It's a lot of money, but we're giving them a bargain,' Mr. Trump said.
Reporter: 'For countries that don't get a letter right away and that you haven't made a deal โ' 'No, we're going to start sending letters out to various countries starting tomorrow. We'll probably have 10 or 12 go out tomorrow and over the next few days, I think by the 9th they'll be fully covered and they'll range in value from maybe 60 or 70 percent tariffs to 10 and 20 percent tariffs.' And it's very important. It's a lot of money for the country. But we're giving them a bargain. Because if I went by the true deficits or by other ways of measuring, it could be a lot more. We don't want to, I don't want to stretch it too much. We want to keep it pretty reasonable. And I think it's actually I think it's very reasonable.'
Speaking to the press after arriving at Joint Base Andrews, President Trump said the tariffs would range from 10 to 70 percent. 'It's a lot of money, but we're giving them a bargain,' Mr. Trump said.
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Haiyun Jiang/The New York Times
July 9 ๐
Mr. Trump informed at least 21 countries that their exports will face tariffs of at least 20 percent starting Aug. 1 unless they reach new trade deals with the United States. He threatened to raise rates further if countries tried to evade the U.S. duties or retaliated with their own import taxes. Read more โบ
He also issued a 50 percent tariff on copper, effective Aug. 1. The move sent U.S. copper prices surging, and has caused concern in some of the industries Mr. Trump has said he wants to protect. Read more โบ
Mr. Trump also said he planned to impose a 50 percent tariff on all Brazilian imports. President Luiz Inรกcio Lula da Silva of Brazil promised to reciprocate. Read more โบ
July 11 ๐ช๐บ๐ฒ๐ฝ
Months of careful negotiations were upended when Mr. Trump said he would place a 30 percent tariff on goods from the European Union and Mexico. The tariffs would take effect on Aug. 1, he said in two letters posted on social media. He threatened to raise those rates even higher should the E.U. or Mexico issue retaliatory tariffs. Read more โบ
July 14 ๐ช๐บ
Maros Sefcovic, the European Union's key negotiator, said that Mr. Trump's about-face on tariffs was disappointing given he felt that the two sides were 'very close to an agreement.' Mr. Sefcovic spoke with his American counterparts almost every day last week, he said, and Mr. Trump's letter created 'a whole different dynamic.' Read more โบ
President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico said her country is hoping to reach an agreement with the United States before Aug. 1. 'We do our part; they have to do their part as well,' she said. Read more โบ
July 16 ๐ฎ๐ฉ
Indonesia agreed to roll back multiple trade barriers to reach an agreement with the United States. U.S. exports to Indonesia would not be charged tariffs, and Indonesian goods would face a 19 percent tariff in the United States.
'We understand their interests, and they understand ours,' President Prabowo Subianto of Indonesia said. Read more โบ
July 22 ๐ฏ๐ต
In a social media post, Mr. Trump said he had reached a trade deal with Japan, calling it 'perhaps the largest deal ever made.' The Japanese government agreed to invest $550 billion in the United States, with the U.S. government receiving 90 percent of the profits. Japanese exports to the country would be charged a 15 percent tariff, instead the 25 percent tariff threatened by Mr. Trump. Read more โบ
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transcript U.S. and Europe Reach Preliminary Trade Deal With 15% Tariffs The deal, which would set a 15 percent tariff on most E.U. goods, averted what could have become a painful trade war with the United States' biggest source of imports.
'We are agreeing that the tariff straight across for automobiles and everything else will be a straight-across tariff of 15 percent.' 'Indeed, basically, the European market is open. It's 450 million people. So, it's a good deal. It's a huge deal. It was tough negotiations. I knew it at the beginning and it was indeed very tough. But we came to a good conclusion for both sides.' 'I think it's great that we made a deal today instead of playing games and maybe not making a deal at all. I think it's a โ I'm going to let you say, but I think it's the biggest deal ever made. Thank you very much. Congratulations.' [clapping]
The deal, which would set a 15 percent tariff on most E.U. goods, averted what could have become a painful trade war with the United States' biggest source of imports.
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Tierney L. Cross/The New York Times
July 27 ๐ช๐บ
The United States and the European Union reached a trade deal that set a 15 percent base tariff on most E.U. exports, including cars. Mr. Trump said that the European Union had agreed to increase its investment in the United States by more than $600 billion and to purchase $750 billion of American energy.
The sides also agreed to drop tariffs to zero on some goods, including aircraft, certain chemicals and generic drugs, and some agricultural products, said Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, the bloc's executive arm.
The agreement will 'rebalance, but enable trade on both sides,' she said. Read more โบ
July 30 ๐ฎ๐ณ๐ง๐ท๐ฐ๐ท๐น๐ญ๐ฐ๐ญ
Mr. Trump announced that imports from India to the United States would be subjected to a 25 percent tariff as of Aug. 1, and he berated India over trade barriers and its purchases of energy and military equipment from Russia. Read more โบ
The United States also applied tariffs of 50 percent on Brazilian goods two days ahead of schedule and issued sanctions on the Brazilian judge who is overseeing the criminal case against former President Jair Bolsonaro, an ally of Mr. Trump. Read more โบ
At the end of the day, Mr. Trump announced a trade deal with South Korea that placed 15 percent tariffs on South Korean goods. As part of the agreement, South Korea committed to investing $350 billion in the United States and will spend $100 billion on liqufieid natural gas. More announcements will be made when South Korea's president, Lee Jae Myung, visits Washington in two weeks, Mr. Trump said. Read more โบ
Thailand and Cambodia also reached trade agreements with the United States, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick said on Wednesday night. He declined to elaborate on details of the new tariff rates. Both nations had been facing a potential tariff rate of 36 percent. Read more โบ
July 31 ๐ฒ๐ฝ
Mexico was granted a 90 day extension to try and reach a trade deal, Mr. Trump said after having a phone call with President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico. The agreement came on the eve of Mr. Trump's Aug. 1 tariff deadline. Read more โบ
โฆ later on July 31 ๐
The White House issued a long list of new tariffs hours before the Aug. 1 trade deadline. Switzerland will face a 39 percent tariff, while Syria, Laos and Myanmar will face rates of up to 41 percent. Read more โบ
The new tariffs apply to dozens of nations and will take effect on Aug. 7. Most of those nations will face tariffs between 15 and 50 percent. Read more โบ
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WASHINGTON โ After styling himself for decades as a dealmaker, President Trump is showing some receipts in his second term of ceasefires and peace agreements brokered on his watch. But the president faces extraordinary challenges in his latest push to negotiate ends to the world's two bloodiest conflicts. Stakes could not be higher in Ukraine, where nearly a million Russian soldiers have been killed or wounded in pursuit of Vladimir Putin's war of conquest, according to independent analysts. Hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian soldiers add to the catastrophic casualty toll. Trump's struggle to get both sides to a negotiating table, let alone to secure a ceasefire, has grown into a fixation for Trump, prompting rare rebukes of Putin from the U.S. president. And in the Gaza Strip, an alliance that has withstood scathing international criticism over Israel's conduct of its war against Hamas has begun to show strain. Trump still supports the fundamental mission of Israel's prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, to destroy the militant group and secure the release of Israeli hostages in its possession. But mounting evidence of mass starvation in Gaza has begun to fray the relationship, reportedly resulting in a shouting match in their most recent call. Breakthroughs in the two conflicts have evaded Trump, despite his efforts to fashion himself into the 'peacemaker-in-chief' and floating his own nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize. In Turnberry, Scotland, last month, Trump claimed that six wars had been stopped or thwarted under his watch since he returned to office in January. 'I'm averaging about a war a month,' he said at the time. He has, in fact, secured a string of tangible successes on the international stage, overseeing a peace agreement between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda; hosting a peace ceremony between Armenia and Azerbeijan; brokering a ceasefire between Cambodia and Thailand, and imposing an end to a 12-day war between Israel and Iran after engaging U.S. forces directly in the conflict. 'As president, my highest aspiration is to bring peace and stability to the world,' Trump said at the ceremony with Armenian and Azerbaijani leaders Friday. 'We've only been here for six months. The world was on fire. We took care of just about every fire โ and we're working on another one,' he said, 'with Russia, Ukraine.' Trump also takes credit for lowering tensions between Serbia and Kosovo, and for brokering a ceasefire between two nuclear states, India and Pakistan, a claim the latter supports but the former denies. 'Wars usually last five to 10 years,' said Michael E. O'Hanlon, chair in defense and strategy at the Brookings Institution. 'Trump is tactically clever, but no magician. If he actually gets three of these five conflicts to end, that's an incredible track record. 'In each case, he may exaggerate his own role,' O'Hanlon said, but 'that's OK โ I welcome the effort and contribution, even if others deserve credit, too.' Well past his campaign promise of ending Russia's war with Ukraine 'within 24 hours' of taking office, Trump has tried pressuring both sides to come to the negotiating table, starting with the Ukrainians. 'You don't have the cards,' Trump told Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in an infamous Oval Office meeting in February, chastising him to prepare to make painful concessions to end the war. But in June, at a NATO summit in the Netherlands, Trump's years-long geniality with Putin underwent a shift. He began criticizing Russia's leader as responsible for the ongoing conflict, accusing Putin of throwing 'meaningless ... bullโ' at him and his team. 'I'm not happy with Putin, I can tell you that much right now,' Trump said, approving new weapons for Ukraine, a remarkable policy shift long advocated by the Europeans. The Trump administration set Friday as a deadline for Putin to demonstrate his commitment to a ceasefire, or otherwise face a new round of crushing secondary sanctions โ financial tools that would punish Russia's trading partners for continuing business with Moscow. Those plans were put on hold after Trump announced he would meet with Putin in Alaska next week, a high-stakes meeting that will exclude Zelensky. 'The highly anticipated meeting between myself, as President of the United States of America, and President Vladimir Putin, of Russia, will take place next Friday, August 15, 2025, in the Great State of Alaska. Further details to follow,' Trump wrote on his social media platform, Truth Social, on Friday. 'Thank you for your attention to this matter!' Meeting Putin one-on-one โ the first meeting between a U.S. and Russian president in four years, and the first between Putin and any Western leader since he launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 โ in and of itself could be seen as a reward for a Russian leader seeking to regain international legitimacy, experts said. Worse still, Putin, a former KGB officer, could approach the meeting as an opportunity to manipulate the American president. 'Putin has refused to abandon his ultimate objectives in Ukraine โ he is determined to supplant the Zelensky government in Kyiv with a pro-Russian regime,' said Kyle Balzer, a scholar at the conservative American Enterprise Institute. 'He wants ironclad guarantees that Ukraine will never gain admittance to NATO. So there is currently no agreement to be had with Russia, except agreeing to surrender to Putin's demands. Neither Ukraine nor Europe are interested in doing so. 'Put simply, Putin likely believes that he can wear down the current administration,' Balzer added. 'Threatening Russia with punitive acts like sanctions, and then pulling back when the time comes to do so, has only emboldened Putin to strive for ultimate victory in Ukraine.' A European official told The Times that, while the U.S. government had pushed for Zelensky to join the initial meeting, a response from Kyiv โ noting that any territorial concession to Russia in negotiations would have to be approved in a ballot referendum by the Ukrainian people โ scuttled the initial plan. The Trump administration is prepared to endorse the bulk of Russia's occupation of Ukrainian territory, including the eastern region of Donbas and the Crimean peninsula, at the upcoming summit, Bloomberg reported. On Friday, Trump called the issue of territory 'complicated.' 'We're gonna get some back,' he said. 'There will be some swapping of territories.' Michael Williams, an international relations professor at Syracuse University, said that Trump has advocated for a ceasefire in Ukraine 'at the expense of other strategic priorities such as stability in Europe and punishment of Russia through increased aid to Ukraine.' Such an approach, Williams said, 'would perhaps force the Kremlin to end the war, and further afield, would signal to other potential aggressors, such as China, that violations of international law will be met with a painful response.' At Friday's peace ceremony, Trump told reporters he was considering a proposal to relocate Palestinian refugees to Somalia and its breakaway region, Somaliland, once Israel ends hostilities against Hamas in the Gaza Strip. 'We are working on that right now,' Trump said. It was just the latest instance of Trump floating the resettlement of Palestinians displaced during the two-year war there, which has destroyed more than 90% of the structures throughout the strip and essentially displaced its entire population of 2 million people. The Hamas-run Health Ministry reports that more than 60,000 civilians and militants have died in the conflict. Hamas, recognized as a terrorist organization by the United States, the European Union and others, has refused to concede the war, stating it would disarm only once a Palestinian state is established. The group continues to hold roughly 50 Israeli hostages, some dead and some alive, among 251 taken during its attack on Israel on Oct. 7, 2023, which also killed about 1,200 people. Israel's Cabinet voted this week to approve a plan to take over Gaza City in the north of the strip and, eventually, the rest of the territory, a deeply unpopular strategy in the Israeli military and among the Israeli public. Netanyahu on Friday rejected the notion that Israel planned to permanently occupy Gaza. Despite applying private pressure on Netanyahu, Trump's strategy has largely fallen in line with that of his predecessor, Joe Biden, whose team supported Israel's right to defend itself while working toward a peace deal that, at its core, would exchange the remaining hostages for a cessation of hostilities. The talks have stalled, one U.S. official said, primarily blaming Hamas over its demands. 'In Gaza, there is a fundamental structural imbalance of dealing with a terrorist organization that may be immune to traditional forms of pressure โ military, economic or otherwise โ and that may even have a warped, perverse set of priorities in which the suffering of its own people is viewed as a political asset because it tarnishes the reputation of the other party, Israel,' said Robert Satloff, executive director of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. 'So Trump really only has leverage over one party โ his ally, Israel โ which he has been reluctant to wield, reasonably so.' In Ukraine, too, Trump holds leverage he has been unwilling, thus far, to bring to bear. 'There, Trump has leverage over both parties but appears reluctant to wield it on one of them โ Russia,' Satloff said. But Trump suggested Friday that threatened sanctions on India over its purchase of Russian oil, and his agreement with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to secure greater security spending from European members, 'had an impact' on Moscow's negotiating position. 'I think my instinct really tells me that we have a shot at it,' Trump said. 'I think we're getting very close.'