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At its current pace, cement offtake this year is likely to end up roughly at the same level as last year. Domestic dispatches are estimated to have declined by around 6 percent, but total dispatches have been buoyed by a 24–25 percent rise in exports. Despite muted local demand, cement companies have remained largely profitable, thanks to strong domestic pricing and controlled coal costs. The upcoming budget, however, could bring even better news.
After quietly dissolving former Prime Minister Imran Khan's flagship initiative—the Naya Pakistan Housing Development Authority (NAPHDA)—Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif now appears poised to introduce a housing finance subsidy, echoing Mera Pakistan Mera Ghar (MPMG) scheme in structure, but likely introduced with less fanfare.
In its four years of operation, NAPHDA had planned 156,000 housing units, of which only about 58,000 were completed. Of these, 31,000 were financed through MPMG. Given the original target of 5 million homes, progress has been disappointing. It's worth noting, however, that many of the projects under NAPHDA were not initiated by the authority itself but were pre-existing schemes absorbed into its portfolio. The current administration does not appear keen on launching a massive, centrally managed housing initiative—which, considering NAPHDA's bureaucratic pitfalls and Pakistan's fiscal constraints is probably wise.
Instead, the government is planning a modest, targeted mark-up subsidy for 200,000 homes. That's a small and manageable start. Banks already have mechanisms in place to assess mortgage applications, owing to their experience with MPMG. According to BR estimates—since the SBP did not disclose borrower figures—approximately 78,000 mortgages were issued between 2020 and 2022, tied to Rs100 billion in loan disbursements (read: 'Now you see it, now you don't'). With limited data, it's difficult to assess the full impact of the scheme. But if Sharif's plan delivers financing for 200,000 homes through the formal banking channel, it would be more than double of what the MPMG ever achieved. And double is better, right? One cannot possible say.
The fact is, whether a subsidy scheme will be impactful and add valuable output to the housing market or not, is a question for another day or another political era.. We will have to wait for the Budget 2026 announcement to see the exact modalities of the subsidy—who the scheme will target, and how it will be executed. What's certain increase housing credit will spur demand for construction materials, and cement stands to gain the most which the industry will undoubtedly welcome.
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Social media and fracturing of Pakistan's political discourse
Social media and fracturing of Pakistan's political discourse

Express Tribune

timean hour ago

  • Express Tribune

Social media and fracturing of Pakistan's political discourse

The writer is a public policy analyst based in Lahore. She can be reached at durdananajam1@ Political polarisation in Pakistan has intensified manifold since the ouster of former prime minister Imran Khan in 2022 through a no-confidence vote. A sharp divide emerged from this so-called democratic process, eroding the possibility of consensus even on matters of national security. As Hamra Tariq noted in Paradigm Shift, "The present time's political polarization in Pakistan has made it extremely difficult to differentiate between manipulation and guidance", with reason and evidence increasingly absent from public debate. In this fragmented environment, social media has emerged not just as a mirror of division, but as its amplifier. A recent study by the Islamabad Policy Research Institute (IPRI), titled Impact of Social Media on Political Polarisation in Pakistan, offers a comprehensive analysis of how platforms like X, TikTok, Facebook and WhatsApp are reshaping political engagement and deepening ideological divides. The findings are both illuminating and sobering. Between 2017 and 2025, Pakistan's social media user base more than doubled — from 31 million to 66.9 million. This digital expansion has brought new voices into the political conversation, but it has also created echo chambers and filter bubbles that reinforce existing biases. According to the IPRI study, 62.5% of respondents agreed that social media has made Pakistan's political sphere more polarised. The algorithms powering these platforms prioritise emotionally charged content, often at the expense of factual accuracy. As political scientist Emilia Palonen has argued, polarisation thrives on the creation of binary identities — "us versus them" — which social media is uniquely positioned to cultivate. The study's quantitative analysis, using Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient, reveals platform-specific dynamics. X showed a statistically significant positive correlation with political polarisation, suggesting that users who trust its political content are more likely to perceive heightened division. TikTok, interestingly, showed a statistically significant negative correlation - indicating that users who trust its political content are less likely to view it as a source of polarisation. Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube and Instagram showed weak or no correlation, underscoring the differentiated impact of each platform. These findings challenge simplistic narratives about social media's role in politics. It is not merely the presence of political content but its structure, delivery and emotional tenor that shape public perception. The study also highlights the role of political actors in weaponising social media. Parties now routinely hire PR firms, influencers and digital activists to push partisan narratives, often blurring the line between engagement and propaganda. This has led to a spillover effect, where ordinary users become unwitting participants in a digital war of attrition. The consequences are far-reaching. Hate speech, misinformation and personal attacks are not just tolerated — they are rewarded by algorithms that prioritise virality over veracity. The IPRI study found strong correlations between political polarisation and exposure to extremist content, with respondents acknowledging that such content influences both their online and offline relationships. What makes this moment particularly dangerous is the erosion of trust — not just between political parties, but between citizens and institutions. The study notes that national institutions have increasingly become targets of online disinformation campaigns, often without credible evidence. Political actors use social media to mobilise support and discredit opponents; but in doing so, they also undermine the legitimacy of democratic institutions. This erosion of trust is not incidental — it is a deliberate attempt of polarising digital rhetoric. The study also identifies key drivers of polarisation: algorithmic amplification; political incidents; and, lack of media literacy. Algorithms create echo chambers by showing users content that aligns with their existing beliefs, reinforcing confirmation bias and limiting exposure to diverse viewpoints. Political events — such as protests, arrests and electoral disputes - are often distorted online, fuelling outrage and deepening divisions. Meanwhile, low levels of media literacy make users more susceptible to misinformation, reducing their ability to critically evaluate content. To address these challenges, the study offers a set of thoughtful recommendations. These include integrating digital literacy into educational curricula; regulating algorithmic amplification; and, promoting inclusive discourse. It also calls for the development of indigenous social media platforms to reduce dependence on foreign tech giants whose moderation policies may not align with Pakistan's socio-political realities. These reforms are not just technical — they are political. They require a commitment to democratic norms, institutional transparency and civic education. The future of political engagement in Pakistan will depend on how these digital spaces are managed. Censorship and shutdowns, as the study rightly notes, are counterproductive. What is needed is a multi-stakeholder approach involving policymakers, tech companies, educators and civil society. The current level of polarisation has made it increasingly difficult to foster social cohesion. Political engagement has become synonymous with tribal loyalty, and dissent is often treated as betrayal. Yet, the IPRI study also reveals that many users are open to opposing views and willing to verify information before sharing it. This suggests that the problem is not insurmountable — it is structural. In essence, social media is neither inherently good nor bad — it is a reflection of the society that uses it. In Pakistan, where political identities are deeply entrenched and institutional trust is fragile, the unchecked growth of polarising content poses a serious threat to democratic cohesion. The IPRI study provides a timely and rigorous framework for understanding this phenomenon and offers a roadmap for mitigating its impact. It is now up to the country's leadership - political, institutional and civic — to act on these insights and steer the digital discourse toward a more informed and united future.

Islamabad hosts Independence Day, Marka-e-Haq festivities
Islamabad hosts Independence Day, Marka-e-Haq festivities

Business Recorder

time4 hours ago

  • Business Recorder

Islamabad hosts Independence Day, Marka-e-Haq festivities

A special grand ceremony is underway at Jinnah Sports Stadium on Wednesday night to mark Marka-i-Haq and Pakistan's Independence Day, attended by the country's top civil and military leadership. President Asif Ali Zardari, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, Chief of Army Staff Field Marshal Asim Munir, First Lady Aseefa Bhutto-Zardari, Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar, Senate Chairman Yousuf Raza Gilani, National Assembly Speaker Ayaz Sadiq, Inter-Services Public Relations Director General Lt Gen Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry, federal and state ministers, and foreign diplomats are present at the event. The ceremony featured parades by various branches of the armed forces, with military contingents from Türkiye and Azerbaijan also participating. According to state-run Radio Pakistan, Prime Minister Shehbaz will inaugurate the Marka-e-Haq Monument during the event. Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal had earlier said this year's Independence Day celebrations would be held under the banner of Marka-e-Haq, or 'Battle of Truth', to highlight the nation's resilience, progress, and pride. The Pakistan Army designated the term Marka-e-Haq in May to describe the period of conflict with India between April 22 and May 10, following the Pahalgam attack in Indian-Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir. New Delhi accused Islamabad of involvement in the incident without providing evidence. The standoff escalated on the night of May 6-7, when India launched a series of airstrikes on Pakistan, causing civilian casualties. Both sides exchanged missile fire over the following week before a US-brokered ceasefire ended hostilities.

Grand Independence Day, Marka-e-Haq celebrations underway in Islamabad
Grand Independence Day, Marka-e-Haq celebrations underway in Islamabad

Express Tribune

time5 hours ago

  • Express Tribune

Grand Independence Day, Marka-e-Haq celebrations underway in Islamabad

A grand ceremony is currently being held at Islamabad's Jinnah Ground to celebrate Pakistan's 78th Independence Day and the recent victory in Marka-e-Haq. President Asif Ali Zardari, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, and Chief of Army Staff (COAS) Field Marshal Asim Munir are present at the venue as guests of honour. They are accompanied by senior military officials, cabinet members, parliamentarians, foreign diplomats, and other notable dignitaries. The ceremony began with the recitation of the Holy Quran, followed by an impressive tri-services parade by the Pakistan Army, Navy, and Air Force, showcasing military precision and national pride. The event serves as a tribute to Marka-e-Haq, which is being celebrated for its strategic and symbolic significance. The programme includes special cultural performances, a flypast, and a parade by the armed forces. A major highlight will be the unveiling of the Marka-e-Haq Monument by the prime minister, commemorating the military victory against India. Military contingents from Turkiye and Azerbaijan are also participating in the celebrations, symbolising strong ties with friendly nations. A large number of national and international dignitaries are present at the event, which is being broadcast live across various platforms.

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