Temperatures remain above 1.5C threshold after second hottest April on record
April 2025 was 0.6C above the 1991-2020 average for the month and 1.51C above pre-industrial levels, according to the EU's Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).
This makes it the 21st month in the last 22 months for which the global average surface air temperature was more than 1.5C above the pre-industrial level.
The analysis, which used billions of measurements from satellites, ships, aircraft and weather stations around the world, also found the last 12-month period, from May 2024 to April 2025, was 1.58C above the pre-industrial level, the estimated 1850-1900 level which is used to define the pre-industrial era.
It comes despite the emergence of the 'La Nina' pattern in the Pacific which temporarily cools global temperatures.
The data also shows sea surface temperatures outside the polar regions averaged 20.89C, making it the second hottest April for the seas after last year's record.
Temperatures were predominantly above average across Europe, with the largest warm anomalies recorded over eastern Europe, western Russia, Kazakhstan and Norway.
The average temperature over land was 9.38C, which is some 1.01C above the 1991-2020 average for April, making it the sixth warmest April for Europe.
They were also mostly above average over the Russian Far East, in a large part of west-central Asia, over most of North America, part of Australia, and across the Antarctic Peninsula and West Antarctica.
However, southern South America, eastern Canada in the Great Lakes region and over the Hudson Bay, across north-eastern Greenland and Svalbard, over northern Australia and east Antarctica all saw most temperatures below average.
Elsewhere, Arctic sea ice extent was 3% below average, the sixth lowest monthly extent for April in the 47-year satellite record, following four months with record low monthly values for the time of year.
Antarctic sea ice extent was 10% below average, making it the 10th lowest on record for the month.
Samantha Burgess, strategic lead for climate at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts which runs C3S, said: 'Globally, April 2025 was the second hottest April on record, continuing the long sequence of months over 1.5C above pre-industrial.
'Continuous climate monitoring is an essential tool for understanding and responding to the ongoing changes of our climate system.'
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