logo
Kasturirangan mentored future Indian space leaders, recall scientists

Kasturirangan mentored future Indian space leaders, recall scientists

The Hindu25-04-2025

Starting as a young research scholar at the Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, in 1963, K. Kasturirangan's career in the Indian space sector spanned nearly four decades as he occupied the top position of Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in the 1990s.
During his tenure in ISRO as the head of various centres and project director of landmark missions, Dr. Kasturirangan mentored many future space leaders who went on to occupy the top echelons of the Indian space sector.
Inspiring figure
'As a young engineer in ISRO, I had the opportunity to interact and learn from him. I regularly used to seek his advice on various issues even after I assumed the role of ISRO Chairman, and he was very forthcoming and helpful in sharing his views,' former ISRO Chairman K. Sivan told The Hindu.
He added that Dr. Kasturirangan's death is a loss not just for the space sector but the entire country, considering the several posts he had held. 'After retiring from ISRO, he served in various positions as the Rajya Sabha member and the Planning Commission member. He also headed several crucial committees like the ones on the Western Ghats and the National Education Policy. Hence, his passing away is a loss not just for the space fraternity but the nation as a whole.'
In his post on X, another former ISRO Chairman S. Somanath said, 'He had a profound influence on all of us in ISRO. It leaves a vacuum in the community of technocrats and thinkers whose voice is heard by all.'
Several missions
In Dr. Kasturirangan's tenure, ISRO had a near-100% success for space by way of 29 successful missions (of satellites and launch vehicles), including four commercial/foreign satellites launched through Antrix.
He also held various important roles in international bodies including vice-president (Scientific Affairs) of the International Academy of Astronautics (2003-2005), member of the International Academy of Astronautics Sub-Committee on Mars Exploration (1992-93), and chairman of COSPAR Panel on Space Research in Developing Countries (1994-2000).
In total, he published 257 papers in national and international journals/symposia and edited nine books.

Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

University of Strathclyde to offer £7,000 international masters scholarship in Physics
University of Strathclyde to offer £7,000 international masters scholarship in Physics

Indian Express

timean hour ago

  • Indian Express

University of Strathclyde to offer £7,000 international masters scholarship in Physics

The University of Strathclyde has announced the availability of Faculty of Science International Masters Scholarships worth £7,000 for the academic year 2025-26. These scholarships are open to new international students enrolling in full-time taught postgraduate masters programmes in the Department of Physics. Interested students can contact at science-scholarships@ for more information. The scholarships are designed to support self-funded, non-EU international students joining the university's Glasgow campus in September 2025. There is no separate application process to avail this Faculty of Science International Masters Scholarships. All postgraduate taught offer holders who meet the eligibility criteria will receive the award upon payment of their deposit. Life in a Foreign University | From football fields to classrooms of Deakin University, Australia The scholarship amount will be deducted from tuition fees and is available only for one year. However, it cannot be deferred or transferred to any other academic session. Additionally, students receiving full sponsorship from a government office or embassy are not eligible for these scholarships. Subject: Physics Level: Postgraduate Taught Study Mode: Full Time Fee Status: International Student Type: Applicant Number of scholarships: Numerous Value: £7,000 Opens: June 2, 2025 Deadline: July 31, 2025 Helps with: Tuition fees Duration: 1 year China's Gaokao 2025: 13.35 million students wrote national entrance exam for university admissions The deadline for receiving the scholarship is July 31, and awards will be made on a rolling basis. The Faculty of Science has clarified that only one scholarship will be awarded per academic year per student, and its decision in all cases will be final, with no provision for appeals. Sharp fall in Indian students going abroad: Canada, UK, US see first simultaneous drop in 4 years; here's why This initiative is part of Strathclyde's ongoing efforts to attract talented international students to its highly regarded Physics department.

India's second son in space: Shubhanshu Shukla's historic journey to the ISS
India's second son in space: Shubhanshu Shukla's historic journey to the ISS

India.com

time2 hours ago

  • India.com

India's second son in space: Shubhanshu Shukla's historic journey to the ISS

Home News India's second son in space: Shubhanshu Shukla's historic journey to the ISS India's second son in space: Shubhanshu Shukla's historic journey to the ISS The Falcon 9 rocket, a creation of Elon Musk's SpaceX, is a partially reusable launch vehicle. Its components can be recovered and reused for subsequent missions, making space travel more sustainable. India's second son in space: Shubhanshu Shukla's historic journey to the ISS The upcoming Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station (ISS) marks a pivotal moment for India, as Shubhanshu Shukla is set to become only the second Indian to venture into space. The mission, initially slated for Wednesday from NASA's Kennedy Space Center, has been temporarily delayed due to a technical issue. This important flight will carry a crew of four astronauts: Peggy Whitson (United States), Shubhanshu Shukla (India), Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski (Poland), and Tibor Kapu (Hungary), aboard SpaceX's Crew Dragon spacecraft, propelled by a Falcon 9 rocket. As reported by The Indian Express, this delay is due to a 'technical snag' with the SpaceX rocket. Mastering the Launch Window Before any space launch, scientists meticulously determine a 'launch window' – a precise timeframe during which the rocket must lift off to efficiently and safely reach its destination, whether the ISS, the Moon, or Mars. This careful planning is crucial because all celestial bodies, including Earth, the Moon, and the ISS, are in constant motion. Rockets cannot simply launch at any moment; scientists must calculate the exact timing for the spacecraft to follow a precise trajectory and intercept its target, a process known as 'celestial alignment.' Consider it like catching a moving train: arriving too early or too late means you miss it. Similarly, rockets must launch at the perfect instant to 'catch' the ISS as both orbit Earth. The Orbital Dance to the ISS A spacecraft doesn't fly directly to the ISS. Instead, it first enters orbit around Earth, circling the planet multiple times. This gradual approach allows it to progressively match the ISS's orbit, conserving substantial fuel – a critical factor for mission success and cost-effectiveness. Attempting a direct, straight-line flight to the ISS would necessitate constant acceleration against gravity, consuming an immense amount of fuel. Imagine cycling straight up a steep hill – it's arduous and energy-intensive. A winding path with gentler turns, however, allows for easier ascent with less energy expended. Similarly, spacecraft follow a curved trajectory after reaching a certain height and speed, smoothly transitioning into orbit and conserving energy far more efficiently than a straight ascent. The Falcon 9 and Dragon Capsule: Powering the Journey The Falcon 9 rocket, a creation of Elon Musk's SpaceX, is a partially reusable launch vehicle. Its components can be recovered and reused for subsequent missions, making space travel more sustainable. Falcon 9 is employed to deploy satellites, deliver supplies, and transport the Dragon spacecraft into space, primarily for missions to low Earth orbit (up to 2,000 kilometers above Earth), but capable of reaching farther distances when required. The rocket comprises two main sections, or stages: First Stage (Booster): Equipped with nine powerful Merlin engines and tanks filled with liquid oxygen and rocket-grade kerosene, this stage provides the immense thrust needed for liftoff and initial ascent into space. After its role is complete, it separates, returns to Earth, and lands upright for reuse. Equipped with nine powerful Merlin engines and tanks filled with liquid oxygen and rocket-grade kerosene, this stage provides the immense thrust needed for liftoff and initial ascent into space. After its role is complete, it separates, returns to Earth, and lands upright for reuse. Second Stage: This section features a single Merlin engine. Once the first stage separates, the second stage propels the spacecraft further into space. Upon achieving the correct altitude and speed, the Dragon capsule detaches and continues its journey autonomously. Dragon's Intricate Path to the ISS The International Space Station orbits Earth at an approximate altitude of 400 kilometers and a remarkable speed of around 28,000 kilometers per hour. Due to this high velocity, the Dragon spacecraft cannot simply travel directly to it. Instead, after reaching space, Dragon systematically raises its altitude and adjusts its trajectory to synchronize with that of the ISS. To achieve this, the spacecraft executes a series of 'phasing maneuvers.' These are minor, calculated changes in its orbit that help it align with the ISS. Dragon accomplishes this using 16 small engines called Draco thrusters, each generating approximately 0.4 kilonewtons of force, providing precise pushes to guide the spacecraft. The Timing Difference: Dragon vs. Soyuz The Dragon spacecraft typically takes around 28 hours to reach the ISS from launch. In contrast, Russia's Soyuz spacecraft can complete the same journey in a mere eight hours. This difference stems from their distinct flight plans, which are dictated by their design and capabilities. Dragon is a relatively newer spacecraft, having first launched in 2012, while Soyuz has been operational since the 1960s. As a newer vehicle, Dragon necessitates more testing and fine-tuning. SpaceX is continuously working to optimize its launch timing and orbital paths through complex mathematical models, with the aim of reducing the journey duration in the future. Why Dragon's Journey Takes Longer Given that Dragon is still undergoing refinement, astronauts on board spend additional time verifying its systems. They also gather crucial in-flight data, which is transmitted back to Earth for engineers to essential safety and performance checks are part of the detailed preparations that The Indian Express highlighted regarding the mission's comprehensive approach. These checks contribute to the longer travel time compared to older spacecraft like Soyuz, which no longer require such detailed scrutiny. The Precision of Docking As the Dragon capsule nears the ISS, it first establishes communication with the space station. It then performs a final positioning maneuver and enters an invisible 'keep-out sphere' around the ISS, approximately 200 meters wide. Within this safety zone, the spacecraft meticulously aligns itself with the docking port. At this stage, Dragon activates its autonomous docking system. Utilizing GPS, cameras, and imaging sensors like Lidar (which employs lasers to measure distance), the spacecraft feeds data to its onboard computer. The computer processes this information to precisely calculate how and when to fire the Draco thrusters, enabling the capsule to move slowly and accurately towards the ISS. Despite both Dragon and the ISS moving at extremely high speeds, their relative speed to each other is nearly zero, making docking feasible. While most docking is performed automatically, astronauts onboard Dragon can assume manual control if necessary. Types of Thrusters Used: Draco Thrusters (16): Used for changing direction, controlling movement, and docking. Used for changing direction, controlling movement, and docking. SuperDraco Thrusters (8): These are significantly more powerful and are reserved for emergencies, such as propelling the capsule away from the rocket in the event of a launch failure. Post-Docking: Entry to the ISS Once the Dragon capsule docks with the ISS, immediate entry for the crew is not possible. The spacecraft remains connected for one to two hours to allow for stabilization and safety checks. Engineers ensure that pressure levels are equalized and that there are no leaks between the two vehicles. Only after these comprehensive checks are completed do the astronauts open the transfer gates and move into the International Space Station to commence their mission. (Girish Linganna is an award-winning science communicator and a Defence, Aerospace & Geopolitical Analyst. He is the Managing Director of ADD Engineering Components India Pvt. Ltd., a subsidiary of ADD Engineering GmbH, Germany. Contact: girishlinganna@ For breaking news and live news updates, like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter and Instagram. Read more on Latest India News on More Stories

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into the world of global news and events? Download our app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store