
U.K. scientists find genes linked with chronic fatigue syndrome
Their study found eight areas of genetic code that are different in people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) than in healthy volunteers.
The finding provides 'the first robust evidence that genes contribute to a person's chance of developing the disease,' the researchers said in a statement.
The key features of the condition include worsening of fatigue, pain and brain fog after even minor physical or mental activity.
Very little has been known about the causes of ME/CFS, and there is no diagnostic test or cure. The condition is believed to affect around 67 million people worldwide, the researchers said.
The DecodeME study analyzed DNA samples from 15,579 people who reported having chronic fatigue on a questionnaire and 259,909 people without it, all of European descent.
Gene variants that were more common in people reporting ME/CFS were linked to the immune and nervous systems, according to a report of the study that has not yet been peer-reviewed.
At least two of the gene regions relate to how the body responds to infection, which aligns with reports that the symptoms often start after an infectious illness, the researchers said.
Another gene region has previously been identified in people with chronic pain, another common symptom of the condition.
The findings 'align with decades of patients reporting on their experiences,' researcher Andy Devereux-Cooke said in a statement, adding that they 'should prove game changing in the ME/CFS research field.'
'These results will not mean that a test or cure will be developed straight away, but they will lead to a greater understanding,' he said.
Scientists who were not involved in the study said using volunteers who self-reported chronic fatigue syndrome rather than restricting participation to those with a diagnosis from a medical professional somewhat weakened its conclusions. They called for larger studies to replicate the results.
Substantial work will be necessary 'to translate these findings into new treatments,' said Dr. Jackie Cliff, who studies infection and immunity in ME/CFS at Brunel University of London. 'This will take considerable investment in academia and by industry.'
Reporting by Nancy Lapid; Editing by Bill Berkrot, Reuters
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CBC
4 hours ago
- CBC
The 'frying pan of Spain' shows how cities can deal with extreme heat
The city of Seville is accustomed to extreme heat, so much so that it is often called the "frying pan of Spain." On summer afternoons, the air is so warm that the streets of this historic town in southern Spain become empty, as merely breathing outside becomes extremely difficult. And it could be even worse in the future. With climate change, heat waves are happening earlier in the year and are becoming more intense. In June, a record high of 46 C was recorded in Huelva, near the Portuguese border, confirming that 2025 had the hottest June ever recorded in Spain. By 2050, Seville could record summer peaks of 50 C and a 20 per cent reduction in rainfall, according to a study conducted by a Spanish weather news network. The city, therefore, has no choice but to adapt. By developing several solutions around the innovative use of water, Seville is now at the forefront of cities that have found ways to deal with increasing heat and was recently named a winner of the 2025 edition of Haciendo misión, a competition between Spanish cities on the climate transition. On the Isla de la Cartuja, the Seville neighbourhood that hosted Expo '92, a group of researchers have implanted an ancient technique for cooling indoor urban spaces. Called qanat, this technique was invented by Persians around 3,000 years ago to improve irrigation, lower ambient temperatures and provide drinking water to animals in arid regions. "Basically, we are using this ancient, proven technique to adapt it to our 21st century," said María de la Paz Montero Gutiérrez, a researcher on the project called Cartuja Qanat. Located approximately 20 to 200 metres below the desert surface, the system consists of a series of underground canals built on a slight slope that carry water from higher to lower elevations by gravity. Two qanats were installed in Seville on either side of an agora, or gathering place, which is the size of two football pitches. During the night, the groundwater is cooled by naturally lower temperatures. Solar-powered pumps propel the cooled water to the surface during the day, where it is then pushed by vertical vents, allowing it to reduce the ground temperature from six to 10 degrees Celsius. Gutiérrez says they "modernized the Persian technique by integrating rainwater and electricity generated from solar panels. The entire project is therefore completely self-sufficient without relying on energy-intensive technologies." The space — which includes an agora and an amphitheatre — has become a true oasis, which accommodates locals who come there to take a refreshing break or for sporting activities and events. "If you come here in the middle of the agora, you can feel fresh air and breathe normally, while outside it's impossible during afternoons," Gutiérrez said. "This model is truly proof that sustainable solutions exist." The vegetation planted on the interior walls of the building, the white exterior that reflects heat and the orientation of the entrance doors also contribute to reducing the temperature. Since its implementation in 2021, the project, which cost about five million euros to install, has attracted visitors from all over the world curious to learn more. Delegations from California, Germany and Dubai have come to draw inspiration. "This Persian technique could technically be implanted everywhere," said José Sánchez Ramos, a professor in energy engineering at the University of Seville. However, one of the major challenges remains convincing developers to include this solution in their projects, because it requires additional costs, from construction to maintenance. Bioclimatic schools Another water-based cooling solution helps students cope with high temperatures well beyond summer, as the Andalusian regional government has decided to implement bioclimatic air conditioning systems in schools. "It's a system that works in a very simple way just with the water evaporation," explained Manuel Cortés Romero, general director of the Andalusian public agency for education. To do this, an adiabatic cooling machine must be installed on the school's roof. This system, which works with solar panels and water, absorbs hot outside air and then cools it inside the machine. During the process to transform the water from liquid to a gas, the evaporated water simultaneously humidifies and cools the airflow. The fresh air is then distributed throughout the school through numerous vertical vents. This technique allows the interior temperature to be reduced by up to 12 C, even when the windows are open. It has been implemented in more than 450 schools across the Andalusia region — including 131 around Seville — and every new school is built with this system. "We really see the difference in the students' behaviour," said one of the employees of the IES Cristóbal de Monroy, a secondary school in the suburbs of Seville. "Before, there were a lot of behavioural and attention problems because of the heat, but now this system makes all the difference." The cost of the installation at the IES Cristobal de Monroy, which has 1,300 students, was half a million euros. "It's almost the same price as the air conditioner, but the difference is the cost of the monthly electricity bill. It's about one-tenth of what a normal system would be, because this system requires minimal electrical power," said Romero. He said this can be replicated elsewhere. The challenge is explaining this technique well, because people may seem skeptical at first. "At the very beginning, no one really knew about it, and the parents were a little skeptical because they were not familiar with this specific technique," said Romero. "Seeing the results, everyone is now convinced of the comfort that this technique brings to the students." Adapting urban spaces Seville is also implementing solutions to adapt urban planning to heat waves, from street shades to the reduction of asphalt surfaces or the use of light and permeable urban surfaces to limit the urban heat island effect. The latter phenomenon occurs when heat is retained by materials and surfaces and then radiated into the surrounding area, causing the city to experience much warmer temperatures than neighbouring rural areas. Cruz Roja Avenue is at the heart of this strategy. The Life Watercool project, which cost about 3.7 million euros, aims to mitigate urban heat through evapotranspiration. The avenue has been transformed from a busy thoroughfare into a pedestrian zone with shade that allows runoff water to be collected, stored in a reservoir and then pumped into public spaces. "This groundwater cooling system allows us to irrigate new trees that create shade but also to use the water for a fountain in a public square. It also allows us to distribute fresh air via vertical vents in the public square and in the courtyard of a nearby school," said Teresa Palomo Amores, project manager of Life Watercool. The location of the fountain has also been studied to allow for the cooling of the hot air that will reach the square. "The union of all the technologies will allow us to reduce by three or four degrees the temperature in this square." One of the objectives of the project, which will be fully operational next autumn, is to implement multiple solutions that can help cities anywhere in the world adapt to a warming climate. "It's a very long process with many steps, but it's not impossible," said Amores. "First, you need to develop a removable cover to reduce sun radiation and to adapt to the trees that will grow. Then you need to put a pavement with high reflection, which will reduce the ground temperature, unlike asphalt. And later, the whole water system must be organized." The researchers will now study how cooling this public square could also cool the surrounding residents.


Toronto Star
17 hours ago
- Toronto Star
VitalHub Reports Second Quarter 2025 Results
Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR)(1) up 55% YoY to $79.6 million Total Revenue up 47% YoY to $23.9 million Adjusted EBITDA(1) up 50% YoY to $6.3 million TORONTO, Aug. 07, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Vitalhub Corp. (TSX:VHI) (OTCQX:VHIBF) (the 'Company' or 'VitalHub') announced today it has filed its Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis report for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 with the Canadian securities authorities. These documents may be viewed under the Company's profile at 'Momentum continued in the second quarter with annual organic ARR(1) growth of 14% and 26% adjusted EBITDA(1) margin,' said Dan Matlow, CEO of VitalHub. 'We have worked hard to integrate all 2024 acquisitions that we are building toward our targeted consolidated financial profile. We recently closed the larger acquisitions of Canada-based Novari and UK-based Induction. These add established electronic referral, surgical wait list management, and patient engagement solutions to the VitalHub patient flow suite. Inclusive of all activity to date, we have over $40 million of cash and over $90 million of ARR(1), providing the flexibility and scale to continue expanding internationally.' VitalHub's quarterly investor conference call will take place on Friday, August 8, 2025, at 9:00AM EST. To register for the conference call please visit: ARTICLE CONTINUES BELOW Second Quarter 2025 Highlights ARR(1) as at June 30, 2025 was $79,589,081 as compared to $73,687,666 at March 31, 2025, an increase of $5,901,415 or 8%.Over the previous quarter, ARR(1) movement in Q2 2025 from Q1 2025 was attributable to the following: Organic growth of $1,860,849 or 3%. Acquisition growth of $3,870,000 or 5%. Gain of $170,566 due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. ARR(1) as at June 30, 2025 was $79,589,081 as compared to $73,687,666 at March 31, 2025, an increase of $5,901,415 or 8%.Over the previous quarter, ARR(1) movement in Q2 2025 from Q1 2025 was attributable to the following: Organic growth of $1,860,849 or 3%. Acquisition growth of $3,870,000 or 5%. Gain of $170,566 due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Revenue of $23,857,548 as compared to $16,237,605 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $7,619,943 or 47%. From the date of closing to June 30, 2025, Induction contributed revenue of $480,383. ARR(1) as at June 30, 2025 was $79,589,081 as compared to $73,687,666 at March 31, 2025, an increase of $5,901,415 or 8%.Over the previous quarter, ARR(1) movement in Q2 2025 from Q1 2025 was attributable to the following: Organic growth of $1,860,849 or 3%. Acquisition growth of $3,870,000 or 5%. Gain of $170,566 due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Revenue of $23,857,548 as compared to $16,237,605 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $7,619,943 or 47%. From the date of closing to June 30, 2025, Induction contributed revenue of $480,383. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 81% in Q2 2025 and Q2 2024. Net income before income taxes of $2,255,226 as compared to $1,383,605 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $871,621 or 63%. EBITDA(1) of $3,599,683 as compared to $1,972,452 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $1,627,231 or 82%. Adjusted EBITDA(1) of $6,304,647 or 26% of revenue, as compared to $4,193,985 or 26% of revenue in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $2,110,662 or 50%. Six Month 2025 Highlights ARR(1) as at June 30, 2025 was $79,589,081 as compared to $51,283,570 at June 30, 2024, an increase of $28,305,511 or 55%.Over the previous year, ARR(1) movement in Q2 2025 from Q2 2024 was attributable to the following: Organic growth of $7,329,129 or 14%. Acquisition growth of $18,470,000 or 36%. Gain of $2,506,382 due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. ARR(1) as at June 30, 2025 was $79,589,081 as compared to $51,283,570 at June 30, 2024, an increase of $28,305,511 or 55%.Over the previous year, ARR(1) movement in Q2 2025 from Q2 2024 was attributable to the following: Organic growth of $7,329,129 or 14%. Acquisition growth of $18,470,000 or 36%. Gain of $2,506,382 due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Revenue of $45,532,514 as compared to $31,494,396 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $14,038,118 or 45%. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 81% in the first six months of 2025 and 2024. Net income before income taxes of $3,742,639 as compared to net income before income taxes of $3,362,500 in the equivalent prior year period, a increase of $380,139 or 11%. EBITDA(1) of $6,750,057 compared to $5,071,468 in the prior year, an increase of $1,678,589 or 33%. Adjusted EBITDA(1) of $11,919,333 or 26% of revenue, compared to $8,238,917 or 26% of revenue in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $3,680,416 or 45%. Cash on hand as at June 30, 2025 was $94,008,665 compared to $56,574,904 as at December 31, 2024. The Company arranged a $15,000,000 loan to finance an acquisition and fully repaid the balance subsequent to quarter-end. On July 4, 2025, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Novari Health Inc. and its subsidiaries ('Novari') for total consideration of approximately $35.8 million in cash and the issuance of 733,726 common shares of VitalHub. Novari's platform offers a series of integrated software modules providing referral management, surgical wait list management, central intake, and care coordination. With the addition of the ARR(1) of Novari subsequent to the quarter, the Company's pro forma ARR(1) as at June 30, 2025, is approximately $91.6 million. (1) Non-IFRS measure. Disclaimers and reconciliations can be found in SEDAR filings. About VitalHub VitalHub is a leading software company dedicated to empowering health and human services providers globally. VitalHub's comprehensive product suite includes electronic health records, operational intelligence, and workforce automation solutions that serve over 1,000 clients across the UK, Canada, and other geographies. The Company has a robust two-pronged growth strategy, targeting organic opportunities within its product suite and pursuing an aggressive M&A plan. VitalHub is headquartered in Toronto with over 500 employees globally, across key regions and the VitalHub Innovations Lab in Sri Lanka. For more information about VitalHub (TSX:VHI) (OTCQX:VHIBF), please visit and LinkedIn. Contact Information Christian Sgro, CPA, CA, CFA Head of IR and M&A Specialist (365) 363-6433 Dan Matlow Chief Executive Officer, Director (416) 727-9061 Cautionary Statement Certain statements contained in this news release may constitute 'forward-looking information' or 'financial outlook' within the meaning of applicable securities laws that involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking information or financial outlook. Often, but not always, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as 'plans', 'is expected', 'expects', 'scheduled', 'intends', 'contemplates', 'anticipates', 'believes', 'proposes' or variations (including negative variations) of such words and phrases, or state that certain actions, events or results 'may', 'could', 'would', 'might' or 'will' be taken, occur or be achieved. Such statements are based on the current expectations of the management of each entity and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties. Although the management of each entity believes that the assumptions underlying these statements are reasonable, they may prove to be incorrect. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended. No forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Except as required by applicable securities laws, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.


Globe and Mail
18 hours ago
- Globe and Mail
VitalHub Reports Second Quarter 2025 Results
Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR) (1) up 55% YoY to $79.6 million Total Revenue up 47% YoY to $23.9 million Adjusted EBITDA (1) up 50% YoY to $6.3 million TORONTO, Aug. 07, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Vitalhub Corp. (TSX:VHI) (OTCQX:VHIBF) (the 'Company' or 'VitalHub') announced today it has filed its Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis report for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 with the Canadian securities authorities. These documents may be viewed under the Company's profile at 'Momentum continued in the second quarter with annual organic ARR (1) growth of 14% and 26% adjusted EBITDA (1) margin,' said Dan Matlow, CEO of VitalHub. 'We have worked hard to integrate all 2024 acquisitions that we are building toward our targeted consolidated financial profile. We recently closed the larger acquisitions of Canada-based Novari and UK-based Induction. These add established electronic referral, surgical wait list management, and patient engagement solutions to the VitalHub patient flow suite. Inclusive of all activity to date, we have over $40 million of cash and over $90 million of ARR (1), providing the flexibility and scale to continue expanding internationally.' VitalHub's quarterly investor conference call will take place on Friday, August 8, 2025, at 9:00AM EST. To register for the conference call please visit: Second Quarter 2025 Highlights ARR (1) as at June 30, 2025 was $79,589,081 as compared to $73,687,666 at March 31, 2025, an increase of $5,901,415 or 8%. Over the previous quarter, ARR (1) movement in Q2 2025 from Q1 2025 was attributable to the following: Organic growth of $1,860,849 or 3%. Acquisition growth of $3,870,000 or 5%. Gain of $170,566 due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Revenue of $23,857,548 as compared to $16,237,605 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $7,619,943 or 47%. From the date of closing to June 30, 2025, Induction contributed revenue of $480,383. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 81% in Q2 2025 and Q2 2024. Net income before income taxes of $2,255,226 as compared to $1,383,605 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $871,621 or 63%. EBITDA (1) of $3,599,683 as compared to $1,972,452 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $1,627,231 or 82%. Adjusted EBITDA (1) of $6,304,647 or 26% of revenue, as compared to $4,193,985 or 26% of revenue in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $2,110,662 or 50%. Six Month 2025 Highlights ARR (1) as at June 30, 2025 was $79,589,081 as compared to $51,283,570 at June 30, 2024, an increase of $28,305,511 or 55%. Over the previous year, ARR (1) movement in Q2 2025 from Q2 2024 was attributable to the following: Organic growth of $7,329,129 or 14%. Acquisition growth of $18,470,000 or 36%. Gain of $2,506,382 due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Revenue of $45,532,514 as compared to $31,494,396 in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $14,038,118 or 45%. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 81% in the first six months of 2025 and 2024. Net income before income taxes of $3,742,639 as compared to net income before income taxes of $3,362,500 in the equivalent prior year period, a increase of $380,139 or 11%. EBITDA (1) of $6,750,057 compared to $5,071,468 in the prior year, an increase of $1,678,589 or 33%. Adjusted EBITDA (1) of $11,919,333 or 26% of revenue, compared to $8,238,917 or 26% of revenue in the equivalent prior year period, an increase of $3,680,416 or 45%. Cash on hand as at June 30, 2025 was $94,008,665 compared to $56,574,904 as at December 31, 2024. The Company arranged a $15,000,000 loan to finance an acquisition and fully repaid the balance subsequent to quarter-end. On July 4, 2025, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Novari Health Inc. and its subsidiaries ('Novari') for total consideration of approximately $35.8 million in cash and the issuance of 733,726 common shares of VitalHub. Novari's platform offers a series of integrated software modules providing referral management, surgical wait list management, central intake, and care coordination. With the addition of the ARR (1) of Novari subsequent to the quarter, the Company's pro forma ARR (1) as at June 30, 2025, is approximately $91.6 million. (1) Non-IFRS measure. Disclaimers and reconciliations can be found in SEDAR filings. Selected Financial Information Three months ended Six months ended June 30, 2025 % Revenue June 30, 2024 % Revenue Change June 30, 2025 % Revenue June 30, 2024 % Revenue Change $ $ % $ $ % Revenue 23,857,548 100 % 16,237,605 100 % 47 % 45,532,514 100 % 31,494,396 100 % 45 % Cost of sales 4,499,328 19 % 3,068,801 19 % (47 %) 8,730,001 19 % 6,042,493 19 % (44 %) Gross profit 19,358,220 81 % 13,168,804 81 % 47 % 36,802,513 81 % 25,451,903 81 % 45 % Operating expenses General and administrative 4,677,904 20 % 3,260,964 20 % (43 %) 9,948,653 22 % 6,452,821 20 % (54 %) Sales and marketing 2,695,935 11 % 1,821,834 11 % (48 %) 4,724,947 10 % 3,518,298 11 % (34 %) Research and development 6,033,028 25 % 3,675,359 23 % (64 %) 11,253,211 25 % 7,093,481 23 % (59 %) Depreciation of property and equipment 250,861 1 % 81,174 0 % (209 %) 392,938 1 % 159,004 1 % (147 %) Depreciation of right-of-use assets 105,499 0 % 111,245 1 % 5 % 225,395 0 % 218,007 1 % (3 %) Share-based compensation 644,811 3 % 675,674 4 % 5 % 1,410,211 3 % 1,024,253 3 % (38 %) Deferred share-based compensation 90,000 0 % 0 0 % (100 %) 90,000 0 % 0 0 % (100 %) Foreign currency loss (gain) (353,294) (1 %) 216,662 1 % 263 % (1,047,701) (2 %) 148,386 0 % 806 % Other expenses (income) Amortization of intangible assets 1,437,740 6 % 1,114,299 7 % (29 %) 3,359,134 7 % 2,220,841 7 % (51 %) Business acquisition, restructuring and integration costs 1,970,153 8 % 1,199,964 7 % (64 %) 3,433,567 8 % 1,797,301 6 % (91 %) Loss on change in fair value of contingent consideration 0 0 % 345,895 2 % 100 % 235,498 1 % 345,895 1 % 32 % Interest expense (net of interest income) (462,564) (2 %) (729,595) (4 %) (37 %) (997,873) (2 %) (914,402) (3 %) 9 % Interest expense from lease liabilities 12,921 0 % 11,724 0 % (10 %) 27,824 0 % 25,518 0 % (9 %) Loss on disposal of property and equipment 0 0 % 0 0 % 0 % 4,070 0 % 0 0 % (100 %) Current and deferred income taxes 483,009 2 % 1,718,658 11 % (72 %) 808,950 2 % 2,379,087 8 % (66 %) Net income 1,772,217 7 % (335,053) (2 %) (629 %) 2,933,689 6 % 983,413 3 % 198 % EBITDA (Non-IFRS measure) 3,599,683 15 % 1,972,452 12 % 82 % 6,750,057 15 % 5,071,468 16 % 33 % Adjusted EBITDA (Non-IFRS measure) 6,304,647 26 % 4,193,985 26 % 50 % 11,919,333 26 % 8,238,917 26 % 45 % Annual recurring revenue (Non-IFRS measure) 79,589,081 51,283,570 55 % 79,589,081 51,283,570 55 % Term licences, maintenance and support revenue 19,894,544 83 % 13,039,369 80 % 53 % 38,238,110 84 % 25,504,431 81 % 50 % As at June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 $ $ Cash balance 94,008,665 56,574,904 Deferred reve nue 45,303,289 35,636,002 About VitalHub VitalHub is a leading software company dedicated to empowering health and human services providers globally. VitalHub's comprehensive product suite includes electronic health records, operational intelligence, and workforce automation solutions that serve over 1,000 clients across the UK, Canada, and other geographies. The Company has a robust two-pronged growth strategy, targeting organic opportunities within its product suite and pursuing an aggressive M&A plan. VitalHub is headquartered in Toronto with over 500 employees globally, across key regions and the VitalHub Innovations Lab in Sri Lanka. For more information about VitalHub (TSX:VHI) (OTCQX:VHIBF), please visit and LinkedIn. Contact Information Christian Sgro, CPA, CA, CFA Head of IR and M&A Specialist (365) 363-6433 Dan Matlow Chief Executive Officer, Director (416) 727-9061 Cautionary Statement Certain statements contained in this news release may constitute 'forward-looking information' or 'financial outlook' within the meaning of applicable securities laws that involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking information or financial outlook. Often, but not always, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as 'plans', 'is expected', 'expects', 'scheduled', 'intends', 'contemplates', 'anticipates', 'believes', 'proposes' or variations (including negative variations) of such words and phrases, or state that certain actions, events or results 'may', 'could', 'would', 'might' or 'will" be taken, occur or be achieved. Such statements are based on the current expectations of the management of each entity and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties. Although the management of each entity believes that the assumptions underlying these statements are reasonable, they may prove to be incorrect. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended. No forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Except as required by applicable securities laws, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.