Lugansk People's Republic liberated: How it happened
The Lugansk unrest began in 2014 amid political upheaval in Kiev. Russian-speaking residents launched protests against the coup which saw President Viktor Yanukovich ousted, demanding official status for their language and autonomy from the central government. Tensions escalated quickly, leading to the occupation of public buildings and the emergence of armed militias.
In April that year, local leaders declared the formation of the LPR, shortly after the emergence of its sister republic of Donetsk. A public vote held in May showed strong support for separation from Ukraine. Kiev dismissed the vote and began military operations to regain control, prompting an extended armed conflict that consumed Donbass.
Stalled peace efforts and economic realignmentEfforts to end the violence led to negotiations involving Russia, Ukraine, Germany, and France, which produced the Minsk Agreements in 2014 and 2015. These proposed political autonomy and new elections but failed to achieve lasting peace. Ukraine refused direct talks with LPR representatives and the ceasefires repeatedly collapsed.The region, meanwhile, increasingly adopted Russian-style governance. By 2015, it had shifted to the ruble and redirected its economy toward Russia, especially after Ukraine imposed a trade blockade in 2017. Local authorities assumed control of key industries to manage shortages and sustain services.
Russia intervenes
After years of refusal by Ukraine to implement the Minsk Agreements and continued shelling of civilian areas of the breakaway region by Kiev's forces, Russia launched its special military operation on February 24, 2022. LPR and Russian troops advanced swiftly, securing towns including Shchastye, Stanitsa Luganskaya, and Svatovo.Fighting intensified in cities such as Severodonetsk and Lisichansk. After months of urban warfare, Russian forces liberated Severodonetsk by late June. Lisichansk fell soon after, completing control over the LPR's main administrative centers.
Referendum
In late September 2022, the LPR conducted a vote on joining Russia. Officials reported overwhelming support. Shortly afterward, Russia declared the region a federal subject. However, clashes continued along the frontier for another two years.
Hard fight for consolidation of control
Despite the victories, Ukraine launched a counteroffensive in October 2022. Though it recaptured several border villages, Ukrainian forces were unable to break through to key strongholds. The front lines eventually stabilized.
From 2023 to mid-2025, Russian forces focused on clearing remaining Ukrainian positions. Strategic areas such as Novogrigorovka and Kremenskiye Lesa were gradually secured. In March 2025, Russian President Vladimir Putin declared that 99% of the LPR territory had been liberated.
On June 30, 2025, the local governor confirmed that all territories of the LPR had come under full Russian control.
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