SRIHER signs MoU with Center for Radiological Research at Columbia University
According to a press release, the aim of the collaboration is to understand the effects of ionizing radiation in general and neutron in specific for biodosimetry, and medical radiation risk assessment, particularly in the context of emergency response following a large radiological event.
Columbia University is one of few centres in the world that has a neutron irradiator facility. The collaboration will also focus on translation of biodosimetry research into effective cancer treatment strategies for head and neck cancers, according to K. Satish Srinivas, Head of Department, Radiation Oncology, SRIHER. The collaboration is a part of the Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration-funded project supported by the Government of India.
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The Hindu
a day ago
- The Hindu
Science retracts NASA arsenic bacteria paper after years of controversy
In 2010, in the waters of Mono Lake in California, NASA-funded scientists claimed to have found a microbe called GFAJ-1 they said rewrote biology. It had allegedly replaced the phosphorus in its DNA with the toxic element arsenic. The announcement, made at a high-profile press conference on December 2 that year, stunned the world. The findings, soon published in the journal Science, hinted that life could rely on a radically different chemistry. Lead author and microbial geobiologist Felisa Wolfe-Simon declared, 'Life as we know it may be due for a revision.' Speculation surged: had NASA stumbled onto alien biology? Set the ball rolling On July 24 this year, Science announced that it would be retracting the GFAJ-1 paper, nearly 15 years after its splashy debut, citing shifting editorial standards and lingering public confusion. 'It's important to have any groundbreaking work independently evaluated before drawing far-reaching conclusions,' University of Minnesota synthetic biologist Kate Adamala said. 'We want the public to be excited, but the message must match the strength of the data.' Mainstream media amplified the drama. One headline read: 'NASA Discovers Life Not As We Know It'. Ivan Oransky, co-founder of Retraction Watch, a site that tracks withdrawn papers and promotes research transparency, and executive director of The Centre for Scientific Integrity, saw the media blitz as pivotal. 'Without the hype, this paper might never have been retracted.' He pointed to NASA's style of communication as a key factor in the storm that followed in 2010. 'Historically, NASA hasn't always had a respectful relationship with journalists,' he said. 'They're great at promoting themselves, and sometimes at overselling.' Peer review in public To the people at large, the prospect of arsenic life hinted at alien biochemistry. But for many scientists, the GFAJ-1 paper raised more questions than answers. Critics began pointing out that arsenate is unstable in water, so its role in DNA seemed chemically implausible. 'If true, this would have overturned nearly a century of data, but nothing in the chemistry suggested it was possible,' Steven Benner, an early critic and chemistry professor at University of Florida said. Others were initially intrigued. 'I was very excited and impressed. It was a big deal in the origins community,' Adamala, then a graduate student, said. But like many, her enthusiasm waned as flaws emerged. Microbiologist Rosemary Redfield became a leading critic and one of the first replicators to disprove the findings. 'It's a fine example of how easy it is for scientists to be misled by an attractive hypothesis and of why we need both formal peer review and informal outside scrutiny.' By late December, the backlash gained traction. Blogs and Twitter (now turned the paper into a case study on post-publication peer review. Sheila Jasanoff, professor of science and technology studies at Harvard, noted that while such public spaces can foster valuable crowd-sourced peer review, they also risk overreach. 'These days science, like true crime, has spilled outside the constraints of officially authorised review. However, like all forms of democratisation, such informal policing can run out of control if it is driven by a mob mentality that is out to shame or undermine a researcher or a research program.' The original team stood by their findings — but by now the tone had shifted. Evidence falls apart Over the next 18 months, multiple labs tested the paper's core assertion. In 2012, Science published two studies that refuted it. Redfield's team found no arsenate in GFAJ-1's DNA. Tobias Erb's group confirmed the microbe still needed phosphorus to grow, i.e. it hadn't rewritten biology, just tolerated low-phosphate conditions. Wolfe-Simon maintained that her team's methods showed arsenic was incorporated into DNA and were robust enough to rebut Benner's contamination claims. Science didn't retract or flag the paper, saying claims should be resolved by further research, not editorial action. And since no fraud was alleged, the rebuttals sufficed. 'The whole debate ends up circling around the semantics of words like 'error', 'fraud', 'misconduct,'' Oransky said. 'But this paper, let's be honest, has been understood as unreliable since at least 2012, if not earlier.' Why science took so long For Benner, the GFAJ-1 paper reflected differences in scientific perspectives. Biologists saw phosphorus as essential, chemists knew arsenate's instability, geologists accepted mineral substitutions, and astrobiologists embraced radical possibilities. 'It wasn't that reviewers were incompetent,' Benner said. 'They just didn't all speak the same scientific language.' He saw another deeper flaw. NASA's astrobiology community often relies on consensus panels that falter when no one challenges ideas outside their domain. 'Multidisciplinary science is essential,' he said, 'but when it's superficial, weak claims slip through. This wasn't peer review breaking down: it was different communities assuming they shared standards while working from very different assumptions.' Adamala echoed this concern: 'Young scientists in interdisciplinary fields should embrace continuous peer review, as reliance on collaborators' expertise can miss flaws that later scrutiny might catch.' Correction sans closure 'They're right to retract a paper whose high-profile conclusions were entirely wrong,' Redfield said. One senior researcher noted that the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines, which many journals have adopted as a measure to improve research integrity, justify a retraction if the findings are unreliable. Here, multiple labs found phosphate in the arsenate medium, undermining the paper's core claim that the microbe grew by substituting arsenic for phosphorus. 'The growth experiments at the heart of the paper were flawed,' the researchers said. 'Even if it was an honest mistake, the core conclusions didn't hold up.' Adamala said that it's a good example of self-regulation in science. 'Slowly but surely, mistakes do get corrected.' Oransky was more measured: 'Science is now acting on an expanded definition of retraction that's consistent with what's been possible for a long time, but rarely used.' Not everyone sees it as black and white. Jasanoff warned that retractions can erase the very messiness that makes science work. 'Rather than draw hard lines between truth and error, science advances through open debate,' she said. 'It's better to preserve a record that shows how scientists test, challenge, and refine their ideas, even when plausible claims later prove wrong.' Benner, for his part, expressed worry that broadening retraction policies could weaken the informal scrutiny that exposed the paper's flaws, raising questions about balancing error correction with preserving the scientific process. Today, the whole saga has transformed into a cautionary tale. Adamala said the controversy may have cast a shadow over exotic chemistry research in astrobiology, making scientists more cautious about bold claims. Who pays the price? Wolfe-Simon's rise and fall was swift. In 2010, she was hailed for a potential revolution in biology. Two years later, she quietly exited both NASA and mainstream science, her research career derailed by controversy and lack of funding. 'Good scientists would have responded by getting back into the lab and doing the necessary follow-up work. But these authors still don't admit mistakes,' Redfield said, pointing to their rebuttal letter in response to the retraction. Ariel Anbar, a coauthor of the now retracted paper, said, 'Science cited no misconduct or specific mistake. We stand firmly by the integrity of our data.' He also criticised the journal for not sharing a blog post it published regarding the retraction with the authors, calling it a breach of COPE guidelines. Oransky disagreed: 'What guideline is this referring to? Furthermore, standing by your data doesn't mean there aren't errors in it.' Anbar also said the team rejected 'the alleged error' and that it was raised in 2011 and rebutted in a peer-reviewed exchange. 'They may reject it,' Oransky replied, 'but that seems to be the rationale for the retraction.' Nonetheless, Oransky also said Science's retraction notice could have been clearer. He explained that retractions often imply misconduct, so when Science called the paper unreliable but not unethical, it still put the authors on the defensive. 'You can see that here, they're saying: 'But there was no misconduct. No clear error.'' Jasanoff said she doesn't see it completely as an individual failure. She argued that the unusually long delay until retraction may reflect less a concern with scientific uncertainty and more with a broader institutional tendency to manage reputation, especially in an era of heightened fears over misinformation. Wolfe-Simon's arc underscored a stark truth: high-risk discoveries bring both acclaim and vulnerability. When science goes public, its failures play out just as visibly as its triumphs, leaving lasting questions about how to correct course without crushing the people behind the work. A slow machine Peer-reviewers cleared GFAJ-1 and media hype propelled it, but shifting editorial norms more than new data undid it 15 years later. Oransky singled out Science's editor-in-chief, Holden Thorp, for leading that shift. 'Other journals have done it, but he's been consistently engaged in a way that encourages open conversation, no matter whether people agree with specific decisions or not.' That kind of editorial openness, he added, may be the real legacy of the arsenic life saga. Jasanoff, however, cautioned that every retraction risks erasing the visible, iterative debate that builds trust. 'It is better for people to understand that science moves through trial and error, and gradual self-correction. It is not a binary. All science is provisional.' Benner drew a parallel to the 1976 Viking missions, where a premature 'no organics, no life' verdict in Science stifled debate. 'Calling the ballgame early had an unfortunate result. It prevented the dialectic the scientific process needs.' The arsenic life case endures not because of its flawed claim, but for what it revealed about the pressures shaping modern science: how spectacular findings — especially from institutions like NASA — can short-circuit scrutiny, and how correcting course means confronting the very systems that made such claims irresistible in the first place. Anirban Mukhopadhyay is a geneticist by training and science communicator from Delhi.
Time of India
2 days ago
- Time of India
3 member medical panel to probe pregnant woman's death after surgery delay
Pilibhit: A three-member medical panel has been constituted to probe the death of a 26-year-old pregnant woman and her unborn baby at the district women's hospital in Pilibhit, allegedly due to a three-hour delay in performing a C-section and lack of medical care. District magistrate Gyanendra Singh on Thursday directed chief medical officer (CMO) Dr Alok Kumar to initiate a detailed inquiry into the case. Following this, the chief medical superintendent (CMS) of the district male hospital, Dr Ramakant Sagar, initially formed a panel comprising orthopaedic surgeon Dr Sanjeev Kumar, gynaecologist Dr KK Bhatt, and anaesthetist Dr RS Gangwar. However, he later wrote to the principal of autonomous state medical college (ASMC), Dr Sangeeta Aneja, requesting her to finalise the names, stating: "As the district men's and women's hospitals function under the command and control of ASMC, its principal is the right authority to constitute the panel. " The woman, Laxmi Devi of Maidna village under Neuria police station limits, was referred to the district hospital at around 5.30pm on Tuesday by Dr Sahis Pal, in charge of the Neuria community health centre. She had been experiencing intense labour pain but showed no cervical dilation -- a condition that required immediate cesarean delivery. Her family alleged that despite her deteriorating condition, doctors refused to examine her until her blood test reports arrived. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Ukraine: New Container Houses (Prices May Surprise You) Container House | Search ads Search Now Undo "She was in agony. My mother kept begging them to help her, but no one came," said her brother Ajay Pal. "She vomited around 7.45pm and collapsed soon after." CMO Dr Alok Kumar said the blood tests should have taken no more than 30 minutes, given the hospital's multiple diagnostic facilities. "We have an in-house pathology lab, an NHM-funded integrated lab, and a health ATM that conducts 35–40 tests automatically," he said. However, the test reports took over three hours, during which, the woman was allegedly left unattended. "Doctors only began preparing for the surgery once the reports arrived-- but by then, she had already collapsed on the hospital bed," said Dr Kumar. Naresh Pal, the woman's husband, said, "It shows no one checked on her for hours. The doctors noticed she had collapsed only when she became unresponsive." He said he had informed the DM and police and would file a formal complaint after the last rites. The CMO has asked for a detailed report from the CMS within two days.
India Today
2 days ago
- India Today
Male birth control pill shows promising results in first human trial
After decades of little progress in non-hormonal male contraception, scientists are now a step closer to a breakthrough. A new drug called YCT-529, taken as a pill, has shown promising results in a recent early-stage human drug works by blocking a protein involved in sperm production, specifically, by disrupting the action of retinoic acid, a form of vitamin A that plays a key role in the development of sperm in the testes. The results of the trial were published in the journal Communications drug YCT-529 is a non-hormonal oral pill developed in collaboration with Columbia University in New York and YourChoice Therapeutics, a biopharmaceutical company conducting clinical trials. Previously, the pill showed 99% efficacy previously in mice and male monkey experiments, in which fertility was regained within 6 weeks in mice and 10 to 15 weeks in other experimental male contraceptives, YCT-529 does not affect hormone levels, making it potentially safer and more appealing for long-term this first-ever human study, 16 healthy male volunteers were given single doses of the pill in varying strengths - 10, 30, 90, and 180 were monitored closely for side effects and changes in vital health indicators, including heart rate, mood, sexual desire, and hormone results were encouraging: no major side effects were reported and the drug did not affect testosterone or other reproductive hormone and libido remained unchanged, easing concerns about psychological or sexual side the highest dose of 180 mg was well also tested how the drug behaved when taken with food and found no major difference, meaning it could be taken with or without was a Phase 1a trial, which is designed to test the safety of a drug before moving on to larger studies that look at how effective it is at its intended purpose, in this case, reducing sperm count to prevent it's still early days, the success of YCT-529 in this trial is a hopeful sign for the future of non-hormonal male birth control—a field that hasn't seen much progress in the last 50 years.- Ends
