Breakthrough Alzheimer's Blood Test Explained By Neurologists

Forbes

25-05-2025

Whether you're noticing changes in your memory that are affecting your daily life, caring for a loved one recently diagnosed with dementia, evaluating a patient as a physician, or simply worried about someone close to you, the recent FDA clearance of the Lumipulse blood test for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is a significant development that you should be aware of. Here's what you need to know about this Breakthrough Alzheimer's blood test.
The Lumipulse G pTau217/β-Amyloid 1-42 Plasma Ratio test is designed for the early detection of amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease in adults aged 55 years and older who are showing signs and symptoms of the condition. If you've witnessed a loved one gradually lose their memories due to the impact of amyloid plaques in their brain, you understand how important a test like this can be.
The Lumipulse test measures the levels of two proteins—pTau 217 and β-Amyloid 1-42—in plasma and calculates the ratio between them. This ratio is correlated with the presence or absence of amyloid plaques in the brain, potentially reducing the need for more invasive procedures like PET scans or spinal fluid analysis.
Dr. Phillipe Douyon, a neurologist and author of '7 Things You Should Be Doing to Minimize Your Risk of Dementia,' notes that the Alzheimer's Association has reported that 50-70% of symptomatic patients in community settings are inaccurately diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. In specialized memory clinics, this misdiagnosis rate drops to 25-30%. 'Having a test that provides early and accurate insights into the cause of someone's dementia could be a massive game changer,' says Dr. Douyon.
This new test follows the recent FDA approval of two medications, lecanemab and donanemab, which are highly effective in removing amyloid from the brain. Clinical trials have shown that these treatments can slow the progression of dementia. Currently, to qualify for these medications, patients must undergo expensive examinations, such as a brain amyloid PET scan or a lumbar puncture to analyze their spinal fluid. Many patients, however, do not have access to PET imaging or specialist care.
'A blood test makes diagnostic procedures more accessible and benefits underserved populations,' says Dr. Haythum Tayeb, a neurologist at WMCHealth. 'It also enables earlier and more personalized care planning, even before formal treatment begins. This empowers patients and their families to make informed decisions sooner,' Dr. Tayeb adds.
While this blood test may improve access to care for patients from communities lacking neurology and other specialty services, it is recommended to use it only for individuals experiencing memory problems, rather than for those who are asymptomatic. 'Given that there is no specific treatment indicated for asymptomatic persons, there is a risk of introducing psychological harm at this stage,' warns Dr. James Noble who is Professor of Neurology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and author of Navigating Life With Dementia. 'Healthy approaches to lifestyle will remain central in adulthood whether or not someone has a positive test, and that advice will not really change,' adds Dr. Noble.
Living a healthy lifestyle can significantly enhance brain health, regardless of whether a person has an abnormal accumulation of amyloid in their brain. Key factors include regular exercise, following a healthy diet such as the Mediterranean diet, getting adequate sleep, engaging in social and cognitive activities. These practices are all essential for maintaining cognitive function. Additionally, taking steps to protect your hearing may help reduce the risk of developing dementia.
Anyone experiencing memory loss should consult their medical provider for an evaluation. The provider can conduct basic cognitive testing and determine if a referral to a specialist is necessary. If the individual meets the criteria for testing, the lumipulse blood test should also be considered.
'Looking across the wide landscape of medicine, many other conditions benefit from early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. There is no reason to believe that Alzheimer's disease will be any different' says Dr. Noble. Indeed, screening for diseases like colon cancer, breast cancer, and high blood pressure has significantly extended the average American lifespan. Imagine how much our lives could change if we could screen for Alzheimer's dementia in the same way. This would be particularly useful for patients at higher risk due to age or family history.
Providing earlier intervention for Alzheimer's disease could potentially reduce amyloid buildup in the brain, help preserve memories, and allow individuals to live more independently at home, rather than in nursing homes.
Another advantage of using a blood test like the Lumipulse blood test is the ability to inform a patient that their memory loss is unlikely to be due to Alzheimer's disease. While a negative blood test does not entirely rule out an Alzheimer's diagnosis, it does make it less probable. This could prompt the medical provider to conduct further testing to identify a more accurate cause for the patient's memory loss. It is reasonable to anticipate that additional blood-based biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and other dementias will be available in the future. Perhaps one day, there will be a dementia panel blood test that can be sent off to provide early diagnosis of a wide range of dementias.
Alzheimer's blood testing is not only beneficial for individuals, but it also represents a significant advancement for research. Doctors and scientists can more easily identify individuals in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, which accelerates clinical trials for new medications. This increased diagnostic accuracy can enhance the effectiveness of Alzheimer's clinical trials, as it ensures that patients enrolled have more reliable diagnoses. Consequently, new and more effective treatments could be developed and made available more quickly.
The Lumipulse Alzheimer's blood test marks a pivotal moment in our approach to this disease. While patients may still need confirmatory testing through brain imaging or spinal fluid analysis, this blood test enables the medical community to adopt a more proactive, precise, and personalized strategy for diagnosing and treating patients with dementia. This simple blood test brings us one step closer to earlier answers, better care, and renewed hope for millions of people facing the uncertainty of dementia.