
The fightback against London's phone snatchers: Police target brazen thieves with invisible DNA tagging spray as they warn 'we will catch you'
Police are targeting London 's phone snatchers with invisible DNA tagging spray as Scotland Yard fights back against the brazen thieves.
Officers hope that marking e-bikes, an increasingly popular mode of getaway for marauding robbers, will allow them to track, catch and prosecute suspects.
They are also spraying riders' clothes and skin with the invisible dye, which contains a unique DNA code only seen under UV light.
The substance, known as SelectaDNA, sticks on a target for several months allowing police to link them to a specific theft via thespecial code.
The innovative method is being introduced in various hotspots around the country including London, Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire and Scotland.
Inspector Dan Jones, who leads the Watford neighbourhood policing team in Hertfordshire, told The Telegraph: 'It's another tool in our box of tactics to make it increasingly difficult for criminals to operate.
'The spray will enable us to identify those responsible without the need to engage in risky high-speed pursuits.
'We want this to serve as a warning to those involved – expect a knock on the door, because we will catch up with you.
Phone and bag thefts are increasingly blighting the capital and beyond, rising by 70 per cent nationally over the last year and soaring to a 20-year high, according to the Crime Survey for England and Wales.
And electric bikes are frequently used as escape vehicles thanks to their ability to reach high speeds.
The pilot of SelectaDNA spray is set to last six months before the results are evaluated.
Business owners are also being handed kits in targeted Hertfordshire locations in a bid to protect their equipment and products.
The substance has been used previously to enforce domestic abuse restraining orders, through use in victims' homes or by being handed to the victims themselves so they can spray at their abuser if they breach the orders.
The Met has also used SelectaDNA in shops to clamp down on shoplifters.
It comes after Met Police officers seized more than 1,000 stolen phones and arrested 230 people in a week-long blitz earlier this year.
They carried out the targeted operation as the force ramps up its bid to bring an end to the marauding phone thieves who prowl around the city on e-bikes and mopeds.
During one arrest in north-east London, a 15-year-old boy riding an illegal e-bike was found with a 'large' knife and £1,000 in cash.
An increase in patrols and operations have been carried out in hotspot areas, including the West End and Westminster, where the Met says nearly 40 per cent of phone thefts occur.
Officers have used plain-clothes tactics and victims' reports to snare a gang who were caught handling more than 5,000 stolen phones.
Over an 18-month period, Zakaria Senadjki, 31, Ahmed Abdelhakim Belhanafi, 25, Nazih Cheraitia, 34, and Riyadh Mamouni, 25, were at the centre of the terrifying trend of gadget grabbing sweeping the capital.
Their crimes totalled a whopping £5.1million, an investigation by the Met Police found - with many of the devices believed to have been sold abroad.
The four men were all jailed in November last year to a combined total of 18 years behind bars.
The fightback appears to be working and, in recent months, 'various operations' deployed by the police force involving monitoring CCTV footage, increasing officers' awareness and 'employing' traffic units and surge teams have brought about a decrease in phone theft.
A 27 per cent decrease was recorded in November 2024 while, in an even more promising statistic, a 43 per cent decrease was achieved the following month.
'There's been various operations by different proactive teams specifically towards two-wheel enabled crime,' a video posted by the Met Police on X announced.
'And also just officers on the ground being more aware of it happening and going on the radio. CCTV operators shouting out before they commit offences so we can get the necessary units with the skills down.
'If a phone pings on a certain location of the map, we can plot the route that they're taking and where they end up, and then hopefully find out where those phones are going.'
Westminster, London's most affected borough, saw 18,863 reported incidents in 2024 up until December.
The Met Police though, insist that 'really, really good' CCTV coverage in the posh London borough will be influential in stopping gangs of thieves snatching devices,
'There's CCTV cameras, one of the things in this borough (Westminster), they're actually really, really good quality and we do have quite a lot of coverage,' the video posted on February 7 continued.
'We employ the use of traffic units and SURGE (Surge and Rapid Response Team) teams and they have high driving skills and the ability to - if there is a high risk - knock them off the bikes.
'Sometimes they (the thieves) do carry large weapons so it's about immediate control of the arms, immediate control of the hands, and making sure you have sufficient units around you to support.
'Between the actual offender doing a snatch, being monitored by CCTV operators and National Police Air Support, in their travels, they are being followed the whole time until police units can catch up and detain them and arrest them.'
Last week, Gone Girl star Rosamund Pike revealed she was punched in the face and had her mobile phone snatched violently out of her hand by a 'mugger' on a bicycle.
The James Bond actress, 46, spoke of her '15 minutes' of hell when she was targeted by the thief in 2006 as she spoke to her mother while walking down the street.
She said she screamed in terror and her mum, Caroline Friend, was left fearing the worst until she was able to call her back on another phone.
Rosamund, who starred with Piers Brosnan in Die Another Day (2002), told Magic Radio: 'I was on the phone to my mother — on a mobile phone walking along a road — and I was mugged.
'The phone was snatched so all she heard was me scream and a thud and the phone went dead.'
She said the 'mugger' was a kid who sped past her on a bicycle and punched her down the side of her cheek.
Rosamund, who was born in London, said the thief took her mobile phone and left her with a bruise on her face.
The actress is one of a number of celebs who have fallen victim to the terrifying trend.
Former tennis star Annabel Croft said her mobile was stolen 'clean out of her hands' while she waited for a taxi outside London King's Cross station in June last year.
Ms Croft wrote on Instagram: 'I just wanted to warn people who are on their own in London. I just got mugged waiting for a taxi outside King's Cross St Pancreas.
'The man was riding a bike and wearing a black balaclava. He rode straight at me and took my phone clean out of my hands.
'He rode away with it but luckily dropped my phone so I got it back. Terrifying!'
Meanwhile, TV presenter Kym Marsh also had her phone swiped from her hand on a London street in March.
Speaking to her co-host Gethin Jones on BBC's Morning Live, she said: 'It is quite a scary thing to happen to you, you're walking down a road and then all of a sudden something's taken out of your hand.
'And that was about a fortnight ago that was taken from me. But thankfully I was okay.'
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BBC News
31 minutes ago
- BBC News
Manchester: Thirty police officers sent to deal with bar brawl
Every police officer in a city centre unit was despatched to deal with a fight at a bar, licensing chiefs have been told. The brawl broke out at Eagle, on Deansgate, Manchester, on 4 May, and saw 200 people spill out onto the police had been called the week before, when a neighbour thought they had heard a security guard shout 'gun' during another altercation. On Monday, Manchester City Council's licensing committee lifted the suspension of the bar's licence and imposed conditions. The bar's licensee, Ugochukwu Inyama, apologised for the he said he had felt "ganged up on" because of how many complaints had been made - many of which had not been upheld. The committee heard from neighbours that there was a "wider trend" of antisocial behaviour at the premises, including people urinating in the street and playing loud music from cars parked outside. PC Stuart Hammersley said Greater Manchester Police had sent all of its night-time economy team of 30 officers to the 4 May incident. "For all 30 [police officers] to attend is unusual. It's not a weekly occurrence," he added."All those officers not engaged means they are not across the city centre and other busy areas."Mr Inyama, a 25-year veteran of Manchester's hospitality scene, said the fights were "very regrettable"."GMP have looked at the whole thing and they have made recommendations which we fully agree with," he told the committee."Those two nights we slipped up and we are sorry about it." 'Bottle shows' Deansgate ward councillor Anthony McCaul said he believed Eagle had ignored a condition that said it should promote responsible drinking. He showed pictures taken from the bar's social media accounts showing alcohol being poured from bottles into women's mouths. Licensee Mr Inyama said the images taken showed "bottle shows", and no alcohol was poured into customers' mouths by staff. Mr Inyama admitted he "could see" the image promoted irresponsible behaviour. The committee heard there had been 40 complaints in about 18 months, and officers said they had found no evidence of noise problems. Mr Inyama added: "On May 26, 2025, we were closed and a resident reported an incident that we had music playing and cars parked all over the place. "We had the licensing team visit and look at CCTV and they could see we were closed." Four crimes were recorded at Eagle in the previous 12 months - two phone thefts and two assaults -which PC Hammersley said was "below average" for a town bar. The committee imposed a condition that no bottles could be served, other than wine with meals, and ordered the bar to close earlier at weekends. It must now close at 02:00 GMT on Fridays and Saturdays, and 01:00 on Sundays. Listen to the best of BBC Radio Manchester on Sounds and follow BBC Manchester on Facebook, X, and Instagram. You can also send story ideas via Whatsapp to 0808 100 2230.


Daily Mail
31 minutes ago
- Daily Mail
EXCLUSIVE Pheobe Bishop's housemate James Wood breaks his silence about the day she went missing - and reveals new details about what happened in the car to the airport
The flatmate of missing teenager Pheobe Bishop has revealed explosive new details about the her car ride to the airport on the day she disappeared. In an exclusive interview with Daily Mail Australia, her housemate James Wood described a tense and emotional morning that ended with Pheobe walking away from the car - and never being seen again. The 17-year-old went missing after she failed to board a flight at Bundaberg Airport to Brisbane and then onto Western Australia to see her boyfriend on May 15. Housemates James Wood and his partner Tanika Bromley were the last people to see her. Neither Pheobe nor her luggage have been seen since, and police say neither her phone or bank accounts have been accessed. Wood was taken into custody at 11.40am on Wednesday in Bolewski Street, Bundaberg and taken into custody but no charges have been laid. The development comes as Queensland Police they will no longer be conducting any 'physical searches' for Pheobe. Wood claimed that Pheobe had been excited for days about visiting her boyfriend, but teenage nerves and 'heightened emotions' turned the morning into chaos. Daily Mail Australia is not suggesting that means Wood was involved in Pheobe's disappearance, and likewise does not suggest Ms Bromley played any role in Pheobe going missing. Wood claimed that at their home at Gin Gin that morning, Pheobe was stressing about what to pack, what to wear and making the flight on time. 'She wanted to get up at 5am but I said I wasn't waking up that early, it's not that far. Then she slept through her alarm and when she got up she was furious. 'She gets like that sometimes and usually we can calm her down but she was escalating and then she smashed the TV. 'After that she started shouting about not having anything to wear and she was so worked up about seeing her boyfriend for the first time and she wanted to look good. 'And I get it, she is a teenager and she thinks he may be the love of her life so I understand. 'I grabbed some grey brand new trackies I had and I threw them to her and said wear these and first she said she didn't want to take them as they were mine but then she said ok and put them on.' Wood said emotional outbursts weren't unusual for the 17-year-old, but they had become more frequent in the weeks leading up to her trip. 'She does have a temper but she is not a bad kid, she is actually a great kid, she is kind and smart and has good manners but she was living with us because she couldn't live at home any more. 'There were too many fights, too much had gone on and she is just a kid, if I had a little sister and all she had was her car to live in then I would want someone to help her. 'I had known her for almost a year when she moved in with us four months ago and Tanika worked with her as a carer so they knew each other well.' The car ride to the airport Despite the rocky start to the morning, Wood said there was still plenty of time for Pheobe to make her flight, which was around 10am. He claimed that he quickly ran to the local IGA to grab energy drinks and returned to the house around 8am. After loading a large duffle bag - 'almost the size of her' - into the car alongside his dog, they set off for the airport, with Bromley driving and Pheobe in the back seat. Minutes later, about 8.30am, before they'd left the small town, Pheobe called her boyfriend to let him know she was on the way. Daily Mail Australia previously reported the boyfriend claimed he heard shouting during the call and later told a friend: 'They were both yelling at her and I couldn't really hear her.' Wood doesn't dispute the claim and said that Phoebe was still complaining she didn't have time to do her make up before the flight and was worried she was going to miss it. 'We just wanted to get her checked in and thought if we can just get there she will calm down. 'Tanika grabbed her makeup bag next to her and passed it back and told her to take anything she needed. 'Her plane was stopping in Brisbane and we told her that the airport had everything she needed and she can take her time and do the makeup in the toilets. 'But she wanted to look nice for the flight first and wouldn't let it go.' The last time Pheobe was seen As they approached Airport Drive, less than a kilometre from the terminal, the argument continued, Wood said. Wood told Bromley to pull the car over. He said they decided to give Pheobe some space. 'We wanted to give her five minutes, give her, her own space to do what she needed to do,' he said. 'We walked to the end, it was maybe five minutes, maybe it was three minute or maybe it was eight but that's about how long we were gone. Wood said when he returned to the car, Pheobe and her oversized bag stuffed full of clothes, were gone. He said he assumed that she'd walked the short remaining distance to the terminal. The couple then headed to the airport, he said, but they didn't see her along the way. 'You wouldn't miss her carrying that thing, if you drove past her and saw her, you'd notice,' he said. Wood claims they sat outside the small regional airport for some time before deciding not to go inside. 'I said to Tanika if I go in it will just escalate things again but she said if she went in it would look like we were parenting her.' With no confirmation of her whereabouts the pair decided to check the roads nearby in case she had walked off in another direction. 'We drove around and as far as we thought she could have made it and then drove a bit further in case.' Wood claimed this would have been when the CCTV picked up his car heading towards the Good Night Scrub National Park. Wood insisted he did not hurt Pheobe and assumed she had boarded the flight. He said it wasn't until the following day in the afternoon they received a text message from Pheobe's sister that he realised she was missing. EVERYTHING we know about the bizarre mystery of missing teen Pheobe Bishop Thursday May 15 It began when Pheobe failed to check in for her flight from Bundaberg via Brisbane to Perth, where she was planning to meet her boyfriend. She was being driven there by her housemates, Tanika Bromley, 33, and James Wood, 34, in Tanika's 14-year-old silver Hyundai ix35 SUV. She had been living with them at their ramshackle home after recently moving out of her mother's family farmhouse just outside of town. Pheobe used her phone for the last time during the trip in a call to her boyfriend at 8.30am, who later told a friend he was unable to hear anything before the call cut out. He later revealed how he waited for hours at Perth Airport for her to arrive, but flight after flight touched down without her. Friday May 16 When she failed to appear in Perth, the alert was raised and on Friday, Pheobe was declared a missing person. Mother Kylie Johnson made her first public appeal for help in the search and work began on sending out hundreds of flyers around town. Her worried mum insisted that the teen's disappearance was out of character. Bromley and Wood told police they dropped her off with her luggage at the airport. Pheobe was described as carrying luggage and wearing a green tank top and grey tracksuit pants. Saturday May 17 Housemate James Wood told a friend he had been printing flyers and admitted 'cops basically asked me if I did her in or hurt her at I was one of the last people to see her alive.' Wood is divorced and only moved to Gin Gin from Emerald, 500km west in Queensland's Central Highlands, around six months ago after the end of his marriage. Bromley is a mother of two and Gin Gin local with family believed to be in the Canberra area. The couple are said to have moved in together earlier this year. Police questioned both over Pheobe and released them without any charges in connection with her disappearance. Daily Mail Australia does not suggest that Wood or Bromley were involved in Pheobe's disappearance. Wood also took to social media offering his 5m tinnie fishing boat as a reward for any information about Pheobe's whereabouts. Monday May 20 Police searched Airport Drive but couldn't find any of Pheobe's belongings. They also failed to locate any CCTV of Pheobe at Bundaberg Airport. A nearby resident supplied CCTV footage of the Hyundai allegedly on Samuels Rd, just west of the airport, around 10.30am, two hours after Pheobe was due at the airport at 8.30am. Tuesday May 21 Reports emerge that Pheobe may have had an argument while being given a lift to the airport and was 'kicked out' of the car. Wednesday May 22 Detectives sealed off Bromley and Wood's rented Gin Gin property, and officers in forensics gear could be seen poring over the house, just off the main road in the centre of town. They were also seen combing areas around Samuels Rd, including a search beyond the perimeter of a local dump. Bromley's Hyundai was also seized by police, with forensic experts examining it at a facility in Bundaberg. Pheobe's last posts to social media before her disappearance also came to light, including an eerie March post to TikTok where she described having a conversation with her younger self. She said she did not 'see nor talk' to her mother any more 'but it's better like this'. Pheobe also wrote that she had been 'in and out' of home for years, but 'this time we're not going back'. The first reports of dead dogs found at the property emerge. Thursday May 22 Daily Mail Australia identified that Wood and Bromley were the couple Pheobe had been living with at the Gin Gin house. The couple's neighbour, Shari Loughland, said Pheobe had only been living there 'for a few weeks, up to a month or two'. Living next door to the couple had become 'horrible' because it was cluttered with rubbish and there had been noise from parties and a howling dog, Ms Loughland said. A stomach-churning stench surrounded the home and Ms Loughland said the remains of up to 11 dead dogs had been found at the property during police inquiries. Daily Mail Australia also revealed Bromley was on bail and facing unrelated charges for possessing a sawn-off shotgun and a flick knife in public. She had been charged back on February 24 after police allegedly discovered the weapons on her on the Capricorn Highway in Emerald, Queensland. Friday May 23 Pheobe's despairing mum made an impassioned plea for the teen to get in touch. 'As each day goes by, it gets harder to breathe. I feel numb, not knowing where you are or if you're okay,' Ms Johnson said. The police search has now expanded into new rural areas for any trace of the teenager, and called in divers to search local waterways. Detective Acting Inspector Ryan Thompson confirmed that officers are focusing on various locations for any signs that could lead to Pheobe's whereabouts. 'We are searching for any evidence or information that could help us find Pheobe,' Detective Thompson said. Saturday May 24 Police and SES volunteers began conducting a land, water and aerial search of the Good Night Scrub National Park, 40 minutes south of Gin Gin. Pheobe's final posts to social media before she disappeared were revealed and suggested the teen had fallen out with her mother, and would not return home. Ms Johnson addressed her daughter directly in a post on Facebook, which also featured a child's drawing of a rainbow and the words 'thinking of you'. 'Phee Phee we won't stop looking for you 'til your home. I urge everyone in Gin Gin to keep their porch lights on tonight and guide our girl home,' she wrote. Sunday May 25 The seach for Pheobe took a dark twist as detectives brought in cadaver dogs in their search of the scrubland park. A former friend revealed she had cut off all contact with one of Pheobe's housemates in recent months over his behaviour. Monday May 26 Detectives said they had recovered items potentially linked to their investigation - but they also believed some evidence may have been moved from the park before they arrived. Police also revealed Bromley had been charged with further unrelated weapons offences, after they allegedly found a shortened firearm, replica handguns and ammunition during their search of the Hyundai. The 33-year-old had been arrested at Milbank the day before and spent a night in jail before she appeared in Bundaberg Magistrates Court on Monday. During the appearance, Magistrate John McInnes told Bromley she appeared to have an 'unhealthy interest in in short firearms'. But he added that she was a victim of domestic violence and 'I suspect you might not be the prime mover here'. Bromley was granted bail with strict conditions, including that she not see Wood, and that she check in at the Gin Gin police station three days a week. Tuesday May 27 Bromley's Hyundai was released by police and was spotted in Bundaberg, sporting a makeshift fake rego plate and the Hyundai logo altered to look like a Toyota symbol. Using tape, white paint and a permanent marker, the numbers of the car's Queensland registration 414-EW3 had been tweaked to be a fake NSW plate 474 BW8. Wednesday May 28 Police suspended their search of Good Night Scrub National park, but said their probe was ongoing and they remained focused on the greater Gin Gin area. Bromley also visited the local police station as part of her bail conditions, trying to hide her face and shunning questions from reporters. That night, police confirmed that Wood had also been charged with unrelated weapons offences over the guns allegedly found in the Hyundai when they searched it. Thursday May 29 Daily Mail Australia witnessed Wood being confronted by an irate local as he slept in the driver's seat of his car under a tree in a local park. Wood appeared to have been living in the Hyundai since police released it to him. 'He's here, he's hiding here,' the local yelled, prodding the 34-year-old with a beach umbrella before he sped away. His bizarre public appearance came as Pheobe had been missing for two weeks, and a bitter rift erupted among members of the teen's family. Pheobe's mother Kylie and her sister Kaylea hit back at her aunt who went on TV to share disturbing texts from the missing teen, and blasted her claims about the youngster's upbringing. Caz Johnson - sister of Pheobe's mum Kylie Johnson - made her allegations about the 17-year-old's tumultuous family life on Network Ten's The Project on Wednesday night. Her aunt revealed Pheobe sent text messages out of the blue on April 26 to say her mother had told her to 'get out', but didn't want to talk about the matter as it was 'a long story'. 'I'm flying the f*** out of here to see my boyfriend,' she wrote, in texts shown on Ten. 'If it goes to plan I'm not coming back. I can't do s*** anymore. I need to get out of this hell hole.' Caz claimed Pheobe had an unsettled childhood, regularly changing schools and having to deal with new stepdads coming in and out of her life. But Pheobe's mother reacted immediately on social media after The Project segment aired, saying her sister knew 'nothing' about her daughter. Saturday May 31 Daily Mail Australia revealed that Bromley was once good mates with Pheobe's mum Kylie and even worked for her NDIS support company. Friends said the pair fell out, with Ms Johnson making Bromley redundant from her role at Smileys Support Coordination last year. On the unrelated weapons charges, Wood is due to appear in Bundaberg Magistrates Court on June 13, while Bromley is due to appear on June 23. Pheobe's grief-stricken mother admitted the 'worst case-scenario could have happened' in a harrowing video released by Queensland Police. She begged the public to share any information about her disappearance with police as Kylie Johnson's voice wavered in front of the camera. 'This investigation will not be over for me until we find Pheobe,' she said. 'The search for Pheobe goes on. I still hold hope that Pheobe will come home but I have to consider the possibility that she also won't. 'If the worst-case scenario has happened, I at least need to know where she's resting. I need to know where Pheobe is. 'My daughter wouldn't just disappear. Someone knows something. 'As a mum, I'm asking you to come forward with your information. 'Please speak to police if you have any information, big or small. You can report information to police anonymously, via PoliceLink or CrimeStoppers.' Sunday June 1 Pheobe's mum posted statement online furiously hitting back after her public plea for help to find her daughter was ripped apart by trolls. 'People wanted a statement, they got one yet still question me as a mother,' her post read. 'I'm sorry that I'm currently an emotional wreck, trying to protect our other children from the media and the trolls, trying to continue to breathe while your world shatters around you! 'If anyone would like to be in this position please step in and show me how to do this. 'Show me what a perfect parent looks like? Show me how to navigate this? Show me how to deal with the unknown and the uncertainty? 'Show me how to use perfect language and emotion in a situation that NO parent ever wants to be in?' The search for Pheobe goes on.


The Independent
42 minutes ago
- The Independent
Rail fare dodger – or simply bamboozled by the train ticketing ‘system'?
One million pounds per day: that is how much fare dodging costs the country. TransPennine Express estimates one in 30 of its passengers does not have a valid ticket. Unsurprisingly, train operators are keen to catch people who set out to travel ticketless. But as today's report from the Office for Rail and Road (ORR) shows: they can often be heavy-handed. Some people inadvertently find that they are travelling without a valid ticket simply because the fare system is so darn complicated. Take the journey from Bristol to London. Forget for a moment about complications such as advance tickets and railcard conditions. All you want is a standard ticket for immediate departure, whether you buy it from a ticket office (which only two out of five passengers do), online or through a ticket machine. A so-called 'walk-up ticket' comes in five different financial flavours (rounded here to the nearest pound). There's an anytime ticket, price £139, which it is difficult to imagine anyone buying. Rational passengers who need to travel in the rush hour would go for the 'Didcot dodge'. You travel on the same train, in the same seat – just making sure it is one of the majority of services that stop at Didcot Parkway in leafy Oxfordshire. That will save you (or whoever is paying for your ticket) £52. Anyone with a bit of flexibility can halve the number Great Western Railway first thought of by buying an off-peak ticket, price £67, for journeys between the peaks leaving London, and in the morning rush-hour only when heading from Bristol to the capital. A bit more flex? The fare can fall a further one-third to £45, with a slightly more restrictive super-off-peak. But perhaps you're in no great hurry to reach the capital? If you are happy to go the exceptionally pretty way through Bradford-on-Avon and Westbury, changing trains in Salisbury – that's another 33 per cent discount, down to £33. By now you may be reaching for the car keys – or perhaps the FlixBus or National Express apps, to secure a straightforward and low-cost option on the motorway. And that's before the complexity of advance tickets and complicated railcard rules, which include some discounts that are available only in July and August. Before you exclaim indignantly about the laughable complexity of it all, perhaps I can persuade you that there are good reasons for this range of options? While the 'system' baked in at the time of privatisation remains in place, the clunky inevitability of a 'cliff-face' drop or rise in fares at the prescribed rush-hour boundaries will continue, and it will be in the commercial interests of the rail firms – and the taxpayer – to offer progressively lower prices if you are prepared to travel on the quietest trains or via a roundabout route. Inevitably, though, some people find themselves travelling without the appropriate ticket. Or they may make a mistake online and select '16-25 Railcard' rather than '26-30' – and, even though the ticket price is exactly the same, face possible prosecution. For me, that was the most shocking aspect of the ORR report – that railway people would conclude that an error which made no difference to fare revenue was worthy of pursuit. The staff I have encountered would have had a quiet word to just recommend more care next time. The best policy for any passenger uncertain of the validity of their ticket/railcard combo is simply to ask staff on the station gateline or the train guard whether they can travel. But some will remain blissfully unaware that they have the wrong sort of ticket. I contend that most of the people who inadvertently breach fare rules are making occasional journeys and are bamboozled by the range of fares and railcard rules. Conversely, most of the 'professional' fare dodgers know exactly what they are doing and are making regular journeys for which they don't fancy paying the right price. It is down to rail staff to judge which side each errant traveller is on. And, from my observation, most of the time they get it right.