Domestic banking sector: Pakistan govt sets Rs5.75trn borrowing target for Q1
This target represents a 40 percent increase compared to the first quarter of FY25, when the borrowing goal was set at Rs 3.970 trillion.
The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) on Monday issued calendars for the auction of Pakistan Investment Bonds (PIBs) and Government of Pakistan Market Treasury Bills (MTBs) for July-September period of this fiscal year.
Securities' auction procedures: SBP unveils changes
The government is intended to meet the major financing requirements through sale of short-term government security papers-MTBs. The federal government has planned to raise some Rs 2.4 trillion through sale of PIBs during the first quarter of this fiscal year. Some Rs 1 trillion will be borrowed through sale of PIB (Fixed Rate), Rs 1.4 trillion through PIB (Floating Rate) Semi-Annual auction.
Auctions for PIB (Fixed Rate) will be held on July 16 and August 1, 2025 with a targeted borrowing of Rs 300 billion for each auction, while another Rs 400 billion will be raised in September 2025. In addition, some six auctions of PIB (Floating Rate) will be held during the first quarter of FY26 to achieve the borrowing target of Rs 1.4 trillion.
The federal government also intends to raise Rs 3.175 trillion through sale of short-term government security papers during July-Sep of FY26. Overall, some 6 auctions of T-Bills to be conducted to meet the financing target. First auction of MTBs will be held on July 9, 2025 with a tentative target of Rs 1.35 trillion.
Economists said the less than revenue collection has compelled the government to borrow more from the domestic resources to finance the fiscal deficit. They said that massive borrowing resulted in over Rs 8 trillion interest payments in this fiscal year.
Copyright Business Recorder, 2025
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KP formulates strategy aimed at recovering NHP dues According to WAPDA, the Council of Common Interests (CCI) based on Article 161(2) of the Constitution determines the sale rate at Bus Bar of hydel power stations. However, calculating NHP has been tricky due to conflicting claims and interpretations of the Kazi Committee Methodology. Various attempts have been made to resolve this, including ad-hoc payments and arbitration, but a long-term solution remains unresolved. After power sector restructuring and becoming NEPRA licencee, WAPDA paid Rs. 6 billion annually to the Govt, of KP as NHP until FY 2014-15, which was later uncapped at Rs 1.10 per kWh by NEPRA in FY 2015-16, following GoKP's request for settlement of all previous NHP arrears by making payments of Rs.70 billion in four installment and notification of uncapped NHP rate of Rs 1.10/kWh-an MoU was signed between Govt of Pakistan and Govt. of KP on February 25, 2016. The MoU was also approved by CCI on February 29, 2016 and later the settlement of Govt of Punjab's claims of Rs.82.71 billion and payment of regular NHP at uncapped rate was also agreed and approved by CCI on December 16, 2016. Despite paying NHP at the uncapped rate that was further enhanced by NEPRA from Rs.1.10/kWh to Rs.1.155/kWh in FY 2017-18 and CCI's overriding of its earlier decision of Jan 1991 regarding KCM through approving the said MoU, the GoKP again raised the issue in CCI and asked for payment of NHP as per KCM. WAPDA argues that considering Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission's report (suggesting WAPDA's replacement with CPPA-G for NHP obligations), ECC's decision of January 24, 2019 (Power Division to lead efforts to secure financing for NHP payments to provinces) and Finance Minister's remarks during 49th CCI meeting (Finance Division is working on clearing NHP outstanding dues of KPK and Punjab, and in future CPPA-G will directly pay NHP to provinces), the Power Division and CPPA-G are in better position to propose an out of box solution for NHP payment . WAPDA doesn't profit from selling power at hydel stations, as NHP is a pass through item and makes the NHP payment to provinces as per government guidelines and regulations. WAPDA's outstanding recovery from CPPA-G against power sales invoices has sharply increased due to delayed payments, hindering WAPDA's ability to make timely NHP payments to provinces, despite regular billing at NEPRA-determined rates. Currently, WAPDA has to pay NHP of Rs.49.565 billion to GoKP and Rs. 114.584 billion (including Rs. 13.617 billion as NHP arrears) to GoPb. WAPDA maintains that Power Division and CPPA-G are in better position to propose an out of box solution for NHP payment. Power Division (Power Planning & Monitoring Company): PPMC has offered the following comments: (i) Article 161(2) of Pakistan's 1973 Constitution requires that net profits from hydroelectric power generation be paid to the province where the power station is located, calculated by deducting operating expenses from bus bar revenue, and explicitly excludes Net Hydel Profit (NHP) as a pass-through cost to electricity consumers ;(ii) KCM calculates NHP by aggregating power generation income, but this approach, formulated in 1985-86 was based on a unified and unbundled WAPDA being the sole power producer and distributor. Now, Pakistan's energy landscape has changed significantly including WAPDA's unbundling, emergence of IPPS, and shifts in the power mix wherein hydro power contributes 27% (approx.) ;(iii) NHP payments should be made through the federal budget or covered by WAPDA's profits from hydropower sales, rather than consumers; (iv) commenting on GoKP's proposal, PPMC is of the view that the transfer of hydropower plants to provinces is governed by the Power Generation policies of 1995 and 2015 that is applicable to BOOT-based IPP projects developed within a province by private sponsors. The WAPDA Act lacks provisions for transferring hydropower plants constructed under its mandate to the provinces, and its projects are primarily financed through PSDP, donor loans, and internal funds, after accounting for NHP; (v) NHP payment through ESCROW account, does not align with the legal and regulatory framework and the constitutional scheme. Regarding wheeling of power from PEDO and wheeling charges determination, B2B electricity supply through wheeling arrangements will be integrated into IGCEP and TSEP under the CTBCM Directive No. 7. NEPRA's periodical regime, determined water usage charges should be reviewed based on the mechanism applied in various countries. Government of Sindh: The Provincial Government submitted proposal regarding transferring Hydro Electric Stations to the respective provinces in lieu of NHP requires clarification as presently no hydro power station is managed in IPPs mode. It further stated that the hydro-electric power generation is a bi-product of 'Water Reservoir Projects (Dams)'. While framing any such proposal, the basic purpose of construction of these reservoirs be considered and IRSA be included in the committee. Govt of Sindh further contended that transfer of Hydro Electric Stations to provinces requires careful consideration of the primary purpose of water reservoir projects. To ensure a comprehensive approach, it is suggested to include representatives from IRSA, Finance Division, and Economic Affairs Division in the committee to provide technical, financial, and economic expertise. Govt of Sindh has reiterated its earlier stance on NHP, reflected in the minutes of 49th CCI meeting which is as follows; 'Chief Minister, Punjab endorsed views of DCPC and asked for early payment of Rs. 58 billion dues of NHP owned to Punjab. The Chief Minister, Sindh, endorsed the NHP claim of Chief Ministers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab being constitutional. He, however, did not support increase in tariff and its passing on to consumers. He said that since profit was utilized by WAPDA it should now be accounted for'. Copyright Business Recorder, 2025
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The time for halfway measures is long gone. Pakistan's political leadership must decide whether they wish to continue administering the same palliative year after year—or whether they are finally prepared to confront the structural roots of the fiscal trap that has held the economy back for far too long. Copyright Business Recorder, 2025
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Federal government and provinces: Senate body seeks ‘out of box' fix for NHP dispute
ISLAMABAD: The Senate Standing Committee on Power headed by Senator Mohsin Aziz which is scheduled to meet on Monday (today) to find out an 'out of box' solution on the dispute on Net Hydel Profit (NHP) between Federal Government and provinces, particularly Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) has reportedly distanced itself from the proposal of out of box solution of current controversy on NHP. Minister for Planning, Development and Special Initiative, Ahsan Iqbal is also heading a committee on this issue. Ministry of Energy (Power Division) is represented by the CEO of CPPA-G and the MD of PPMC The Committee has convened five meetings attended by the representatives of all four Provinces, the Ministry of Energy (Power Division), the Finance Division. Further update on the finalisation may be shared by the Ministry of IPC. KP formulates strategy aimed at recovering NHP dues According to WAPDA, the Council of Common Interests (CCI) based on Article 161(2) of the Constitution determines the sale rate at Bus Bar of hydel power stations. However, calculating NHP has been tricky due to conflicting claims and interpretations of the Kazi Committee Methodology. Various attempts have been made to resolve this, including ad-hoc payments and arbitration, but a long-term solution remains unresolved. After power sector restructuring and becoming NEPRA licencee, WAPDA paid Rs. 6 billion annually to the Govt, of KP as NHP until FY 2014-15, which was later uncapped at Rs 1.10 per kWh by NEPRA in FY 2015-16, following GoKP's request for settlement of all previous NHP arrears by making payments of Rs.70 billion in four installment and notification of uncapped NHP rate of Rs 1.10/kWh-an MoU was signed between Govt of Pakistan and Govt. of KP on February 25, 2016. The MoU was also approved by CCI on February 29, 2016 and later the settlement of Govt of Punjab's claims of Rs.82.71 billion and payment of regular NHP at uncapped rate was also agreed and approved by CCI on December 16, 2016. Despite paying NHP at the uncapped rate that was further enhanced by NEPRA from Rs.1.10/kWh to Rs.1.155/kWh in FY 2017-18 and CCI's overriding of its earlier decision of Jan 1991 regarding KCM through approving the said MoU, the GoKP again raised the issue in CCI and asked for payment of NHP as per KCM. WAPDA argues that considering Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission's report (suggesting WAPDA's replacement with CPPA-G for NHP obligations), ECC's decision of January 24, 2019 (Power Division to lead efforts to secure financing for NHP payments to provinces) and Finance Minister's remarks during 49th CCI meeting (Finance Division is working on clearing NHP outstanding dues of KPK and Punjab, and in future CPPA-G will directly pay NHP to provinces), the Power Division and CPPA-G are in better position to propose an out of box solution for NHP payment . WAPDA doesn't profit from selling power at hydel stations, as NHP is a pass through item and makes the NHP payment to provinces as per government guidelines and regulations. WAPDA's outstanding recovery from CPPA-G against power sales invoices has sharply increased due to delayed payments, hindering WAPDA's ability to make timely NHP payments to provinces, despite regular billing at NEPRA-determined rates. Currently, WAPDA has to pay NHP of Rs.49.565 billion to GoKP and Rs. 114.584 billion (including Rs. 13.617 billion as NHP arrears) to GoPb. WAPDA maintains that Power Division and CPPA-G are in better position to propose an out of box solution for NHP payment. Power Division (Power Planning & Monitoring Company): PPMC has offered the following comments: (i) Article 161(2) of Pakistan's 1973 Constitution requires that net profits from hydroelectric power generation be paid to the province where the power station is located, calculated by deducting operating expenses from bus bar revenue, and explicitly excludes Net Hydel Profit (NHP) as a pass-through cost to electricity consumers ;(ii) KCM calculates NHP by aggregating power generation income, but this approach, formulated in 1985-86 was based on a unified and unbundled WAPDA being the sole power producer and distributor. Now, Pakistan's energy landscape has changed significantly including WAPDA's unbundling, emergence of IPPS, and shifts in the power mix wherein hydro power contributes 27% (approx.) ;(iii) NHP payments should be made through the federal budget or covered by WAPDA's profits from hydropower sales, rather than consumers; (iv) commenting on GoKP's proposal, PPMC is of the view that the transfer of hydropower plants to provinces is governed by the Power Generation policies of 1995 and 2015 that is applicable to BOOT-based IPP projects developed within a province by private sponsors. The WAPDA Act lacks provisions for transferring hydropower plants constructed under its mandate to the provinces, and its projects are primarily financed through PSDP, donor loans, and internal funds, after accounting for NHP; (v) NHP payment through ESCROW account, does not align with the legal and regulatory framework and the constitutional scheme. Regarding wheeling of power from PEDO and wheeling charges determination, B2B electricity supply through wheeling arrangements will be integrated into IGCEP and TSEP under the CTBCM Directive No. 7. NEPRA's periodical regime, determined water usage charges should be reviewed based on the mechanism applied in various countries. Government of Sindh: The Provincial Government submitted proposal regarding transferring Hydro Electric Stations to the respective provinces in lieu of NHP requires clarification as presently no hydro power station is managed in IPPs mode. It further stated that the hydro-electric power generation is a bi-product of 'Water Reservoir Projects (Dams)'. While framing any such proposal, the basic purpose of construction of these reservoirs be considered and IRSA be included in the committee. Govt of Sindh further contended that transfer of Hydro Electric Stations to provinces requires careful consideration of the primary purpose of water reservoir projects. To ensure a comprehensive approach, it is suggested to include representatives from IRSA, Finance Division, and Economic Affairs Division in the committee to provide technical, financial, and economic expertise. Govt of Sindh has reiterated its earlier stance on NHP, reflected in the minutes of 49th CCI meeting which is as follows; 'Chief Minister, Punjab endorsed views of DCPC and asked for early payment of Rs. 58 billion dues of NHP owned to Punjab. The Chief Minister, Sindh, endorsed the NHP claim of Chief Ministers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab being constitutional. He, however, did not support increase in tariff and its passing on to consumers. He said that since profit was utilized by WAPDA it should now be accounted for'. Copyright Business Recorder, 2025
