Wreckage of 300-foot ship missing for 132 years found in Lake Superior
The Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society recently made that report, citing an initial discovery in summer 2024 by a Marine Sonic Technology device aboard its research vessel, the David Boyd.
The Western Reserve, a 300-foot steel steamer, broke in two as it wrecked in 1892 about 60 miles northwest of Whitefish Point in Lake Superior. When the wreckage was found, the bow section had rested on top of the stern in nearly 600 feet of water.
"Every shipwreck has its own story, but some are just that much more tragic," GLSHS Executive Director Bruce Lynn said about the accident.
Only one person survived the ordeal.
The accident
The Western Reserve was one of the first all-steel vessels on the Great Lakes and considered one of the safest and fastest ships working in the region. At the time of this route, Captain Peter G. Minch, the ship's owner, brought his family along on a cruise through Lake Huron with plans to go to Two Harbors, Minnesota. The ship was under the command of Captain Albert Myer for this voyage.
The weather was cooperative until they reached Whitefish Bay, then the crew dropped anchor to wait out poor weather conditions. After they weighed anchor and steamed into Lake Superior, a gale brewed up.
About 9 p.m. Aug. 30, the Western Reserve began to break up and sink.
The Minch family and the ship's crew boarded and launched the two lifeboats; but almost immediately one of the lifeboats overturned, with many of those aboard lost. The remaining lifeboat, with the Minch family and surviving crew, rode out the gale and night darkness for about 10 hours when a steamship passed by. Those survivors screamed but were not seen in the night.
About 7:30 a.m. the next morning, they were about a mile offshore the Deer Park Life-Saving Station on the Lake Superior shoreline when the lone lifeboat overturned in the breakers.
The only survivor was wheelsman Harry W. Stewart of Algonac, Michigan.
Finding the shipwreck
It took decades, and technology advances, in order to find the ship's last location.
Director of Marine Operations, Darryl Ertel and his brother and First Mate, Dan Ertel, looked amid Lake Superior for the Western Reserve for over 2 years:
"We side-scan looking out a half mile per side and we caught an image on our port side. It was very small looking out that far, but I measured the shadow, and it came up about 40 feet," Darryl Ertel explained, "So we went back over the top of the ship and saw that it had cargo hatches, and it looked like it was broken in two, one half on top of the other and each half measured with the side scan 150 feet long and then we measured the width and it was right on so we knew that we'd found the Western Reserve."
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Yahoo
31-07-2025
- Yahoo
15 Phrases Gaslighters Use That Make You Question Your Own Reality (And Sanity)
Gaslighting can be a confusing and emotionally draining experience. It's when someone tries to make you question your own reality, often leaving you feeling uncertain and disoriented. Recognizing the phrases gaslighters use can help you stand firm in your truth and protect yourself from their manipulative tactics. Here's a list of common expressions that might sound familiar if you've been on the receiving end of gaslighting. Being aware of these can help you reclaim your confidence and sense of reality. 1. "You're Just Being Dramatic." Hearing someone tell you that you're being dramatic can make you second-guess your feelings or reactions. It's a classic strategy used by gaslighters to diminish the seriousness of your emotions. By labeling your valid concerns as dramatic, the gaslighter attempts to trivialize your experience. This can lead you to question whether your feelings are overblown or unjustified. Clinical psychologist Dr. Robin Stern explains in her book "The Gaslight Effect" that such tactics are designed to undermine your perception and make you doubt your emotional responses. The phrase often makes you feel like you're being overly sensitive or unreasonable. It can have a silencing effect, causing you to suppress your emotions to avoid further invalidation. Over time, it can erode your confidence in your ability to accurately interpret situations. You might start to censor yourself or avoid bringing up issues altogether. This reinforces the gaslighter's control over the narrative and your perception of reality. 2. "You're Imagining Things." Being told that you're imagining things can make you doubt your own memory and perceptions. It's a powerful way to dismiss your experiences and gaslight you into thinking you're the problem. When someone uses this phrase, they're effectively saying your version of events isn't credible. This can lead you to second-guess yourself, even when you were certain about what happened. The longer you're exposed to such dismissive language, the more likely you are to lose confidence in your senses. Imagine recounting a situation and having your account brushed off as mere imagination. It's frustrating and disorienting, especially if you know you're right. As you repeatedly hear this phrase, it can chip away at your trust in your own mind. The gaslighter's aim is to make their narrative the dominant one, forcing you to doubt yours. You're left wondering if you're indeed inventing problems that don't exist. 3. "You're Too Sensitive." This phrase is a common favorite for gaslighters aiming to undermine your emotional responses. By calling you too sensitive, they're implying that your feelings are inappropriate or exaggerated. It's a way to shame you into silence, making you feel guilty for having an emotional reaction. According to Dr. Ramani Durvasula, a clinical psychologist and expert in narcissistic behavior, this tactic is often used to control the emotional landscape by making you feel flawed for reacting. By questioning your sensitivity, the gaslighter shifts the blame onto you rather than addressing their own behavior. The impact of being labeled as too sensitive can be profound. You might start to question whether your reactions are justified or if you're overreacting. Over time, this can wear down your self-esteem and make you less likely to express your feelings. The goal is to make you internalize the idea that your emotions are problematic. As a result, you might find yourself apologizing for things you shouldn't have to apologize for. 4. "I Never Said That." When someone insists they never said something you clearly remember, it can make you question your memory. This technique is designed to make you doubt your recollection of events and depend more on the gaslighter's version of reality. It's a clever way to shift control over the narrative and make you second-guess yourself. Hearing this phrase often can make you feel like you're losing your grip on the truth. The goal is to make you question your reality to the point where you concede to theirs. This kind of denial can be incredibly frustrating, especially when you're confident in your memory. It can lead to internal conflict, causing you to question whether you misunderstood or misheard. The gaslighter's denial forces you to consider their perspective, even when it contradicts your own experience. It's a manipulative tactic to make you rely more on their account and less on your own. This can further entrench their control over your reality. 5. "You're Overthinking It." Being told you're overthinking something can make you feel like you're creating problems out of thin air. It's a way for the gaslighter to minimize your concerns and shift focus away from their actions. When someone accuses you of overthinking, they're suggesting your thoughts are excessive and unfounded. According to a study by psychologist Dr. Guy Winch, minimizing someone's concerns is a tactic used to deflect responsibility and avoid addressing the real issue. It's a way to keep you preoccupied with your own thought process rather than their behavior. Hearing this phrase repeatedly can make you distrust your analytical skills. It's frustrating to feel dismissed or like your insights aren't valued. You might start to internalize the idea that you're prone to blowing things out of proportion. Over time, this can lead you to downplay your thoughts and concerns. This tactic aims to keep you in a cycle of self-doubt, making it easier for the gaslighter to maintain control. 6. "You're Acting Crazy." Being told you're acting crazy can make you second-guess your mental stability. It's a phrase that's often used to discredit your behavior and cast doubt on your state of mind. By suggesting you're acting irrationally, the gaslighter aims to take attention away from their actions and put the focus on your supposed instability. It's a powerful way to marginalize your perspective and make you question your sanity. Over time, repeated exposure to this phrase can lead to chronic self-doubt and anxiety. When you hear this phrase, it can be tempting to question your own actions and thoughts. You might find yourself wondering if you're indeed being unreasonable, even when you know you're not. This tactic serves to isolate you further, as you're less likely to seek validation from others if you're convinced your behavior is erratic. The gaslighter's goal is to make you reliant on their assessment of reality. This keeps you in a cycle of dependency and confusion. 7. "I Was Just Joking." Claiming that they were just joking is a gaslighter's way of backtracking on hurtful comments. It's designed to make you feel like you're overreacting to something that wasn't meant to be taken seriously. However, as communication expert Dr. Deborah Tannen notes, jokes are often used as a cover for serious intentions, allowing the joker to retract their words if confronted. This phrase puts the onus on you to lighten up, rather than addressing the impact of their words. It dismisses your hurt feelings and makes you question whether your reaction is justified. When you're told it was just a joke, it can make you feel like you're the problem for not having a sense of humor. This tactic is used to deflect accountability and place the blame on you for misinterpreting the intent. It's a way to avoid facing the consequences of their words or actions. Over time, you might find yourself brushing off comments that bother you, convincing yourself they were harmless. This tactic keeps the gaslighter from having to change their behavior, while you're left questioning your own responses. 8. "You're Remembering It Wrong." Being told you're remembering something wrong can shake your confidence in your memory. It's a subtle way to make you doubt your recollection and lean more on the gaslighter's version of events. The phrase suggests that your understanding of a situation is flawed, which can make you question your ability to accurately recall details. Over time, this tactic can erode your trust in your own memory and perceptions. It's a calculated move to keep you second-guessing your grasp on reality. Imagine being certain about an event only to be told that you're mistaken. It's disorienting and can lead you to wonder if you've got the facts wrong. The gaslighter uses this to their advantage, often reinforcing their narrative as the 'correct' one. This makes it easier for them to manipulate the situation to their benefit. You're left feeling like you're constantly missing the mark when it comes to remembering things accurately. 9. "Everyone Agrees With Me." When a gaslighter claims that everyone agrees with them, it can make you feel isolated. The tactic is designed to create a sense of consensus against you, making their perspective seem more valid. It implies that your views are not only wrong but also outnumbered, which can pressure you to conform. This phrase plays on the fear of being an outsider or the odd one out. It can be incredibly effective in coercing you to doubt your stance and align with theirs. Hearing that everyone is on their side can be intimidating. It suggests that you're the only one who sees things differently, which can make you question your judgment. You might start to wonder if you're indeed overreacting or misinterpreting the situation. The gaslighter uses this tactic to reinforce their position and isolate you from potential support. They aim to create a narrative where they're the reasonable one, and you're the one who's off-base. 10. "You Can't Take A Joke." Telling someone they can't take a joke can make them feel like they're overly serious or lacking a sense of humor. It's a dismissive phrase used to invalidate your feelings about a comment that could be hurtful or offensive. By framing their words as a harmless joke, the gaslighter deflects responsibility and makes you seem unreasonable for taking it seriously. Over time, this tactic can make you question whether you're too sensitive or uptight. It's a clever way to shift the blame onto you rather than addressing the issue. This phrase can make you feel like you're the one at fault for not seeing the humor in something. It's a way to marginalize your response and make you question your reaction. You might start to dismiss your feelings, thinking you're being overly critical. This serves the gaslighter's purpose of minimizing the impact of their words and avoiding accountability. Instead of having a meaningful conversation about the comment, you're left doubting your ability to interpret social cues. 11. "You're Blowing Things Out Of Proportion." Hearing that you're blowing things out of proportion can make you feel like your concerns are exaggerated. It's a tactic used to minimize the importance of your feelings or the situation at hand. The gaslighter uses this phrase to make you feel like you're making a big deal out of nothing. This can lead you to question whether your reactions are appropriate. Over time, you might start to invalidate your own emotions, thinking they're disproportionate to the situation. It's frustrating to have your concerns dismissed in this manner. The phrase is designed to make you feel like you're overreacting, even when your feelings are completely valid. This tactic keeps you from confronting the real issue, as you're too busy doubting your own response. It's a way to deflect attention from their behavior and place the focus on your supposed overreaction. The gaslighter aims to control the narrative, making it harder for you to stand by your feelings. 12. "I'm Sorry You Feel That Way." This phrase might sound like an apology, but it's far from one. It's a way for the gaslighter to acknowledge your feelings without taking responsibility for their actions. The apology is framed so that the focus is on your feelings rather than their behavior. It suggests that the problem lies with your reaction, not what they did. This tactic allows them to appear apologetic without actually addressing the issue. Hearing this phrase can be frustrating because it doesn't offer any real resolution. It's a non-apology that makes it seem like they're acknowledging your feelings, but not willing to change their behavior. This can leave you feeling unsatisfied and invalidated. You're left questioning whether your feelings are indeed the problem, rather than their actions. The gaslighter uses this to maintain control over the situation, keeping you in a state of confusion. 13. "You Don't Know What You're Talking About." Being told you don't know what you're talking about can make you question your understanding of a situation. It's a way for the gaslighter to undermine your confidence and assert their knowledge as superior. This phrase is designed to make you doubt your insights and lean more on their perspective. Over time, you might find yourself deferring to their judgment, even when you know you're right. It's a tactic to keep you reliant on their interpretation of events. This phrase can be particularly damaging if it's repeated often. It can erode your confidence in your ability to accurately assess situations. You might start to second-guess your knowledge and assume you're missing something important. The gaslighter uses this tactic to strengthen their position and weaken yours. By convincing you that you don't know what you're talking about, they keep control over the narrative. 14. "I've Had Enough Of This." When someone says they've had enough, it can make you feel like you're pushing them to their limits. It's a tactic used to shut down a conversation and avoid addressing your concerns. By claiming they're at their breaking point, the gaslighter shifts the focus from the issue at hand to their own emotional state. This can make you feel guilty for bringing up the topic and reluctant to pursue it further. It's a way to silence you and maintain control over the interaction. Hearing that someone has had enough can be disheartening. It suggests that your concerns are too much for them to handle, making you feel like you're being unreasonable. You might start to internalize the idea that you're asking for too much or being too demanding. The gaslighter uses this tactic to steer the conversation away from their behavior and back to your supposed overstepping. This keeps the focus on their emotional threshold rather than the issue at hand. Solve the daily Crossword
Time Magazine
28-07-2025
- Time Magazine
AC Units Are Stifling More Sustainable Ways of Cooling Homes
Americans are too reliant on air conditioning, an energy-hungry technology that worsens climate change. Artificial cooling already accounts for 10% of global heat-trapping greenhouse gas emissions, and the share could double in the next 25 years. Yet many of us live in homes that would be stuffy and uncomfortable without AC, and in extreme conditions turn dangerous. It's not an overstatement to say that the pollution we generate for cooling inside is burning the planet outside. But we have a sustainable solution to this problem in the form of passive housing, a new kind of low-energy architecture governed by old design philosophies. Passive houses consume only a quarter of the energy that is needed to warm a typical American house in the winter and cool it in the summer. In fact, some passive houses don't need air conditioning at all. Yet at present, it accounts for less than 1% of new American construction in the past decade. Why isn't it more popular? Passive houses embody what is known in energy efficiency circles as the split incentive problem, or an investment whose benefits do not accrue to the investor. The vast majority of American homes are built by developers and sold to someone else, and the vast majority of those developers are not financially incentivized to minimize their future occupants' need for cooling, heating, and other utilities. In fact, the largest developers resist efforts to increase the home insulation needed to improve energy efficiency. But most developers aren't Jeff Stern, a brainy, 59-year-old architect who lives in a passive house of his own design in Portland, Oregon. From the street, the two-story, 1,965-square-foot house looks clean and modern: two conjoined boxes, clad in brown cedar and accented with Mondrianesque red stripes. The mid-century aesthetic camouflages the traditional thermal design. A principal consideration is solar orientation. Stern's house faces south, admitting sun for natural warmth in Portland's cool winters. In the summer, Stern relies on metallic window shades, installed outside the house, to keep that heat at bay. Another consideration is insulation: Lots of it, easily twice the code minimum, to emulate the thick walls of a mudbrick hut and slow heat transfer. The foundation, walls, and roof all fit together to create an airtight seal. And natural ventilation is key. In the summer, when the sun goes down, Stern opens the windows to bring in the evening breeze. 'Night dumping,' he calls this process of natural cooling. Not long after he wakes in the morning, he scoots around the house, closing the windows and the shades to seal in the cool air before the outdoor temperature rises. In fact, during the Pacific Northwest's lethal 2021 heat dome, when the official air temperature in Portland reached a breathtaking high of 116 degrees, the temperature in Stern's passive house never ticked above 84. That's not what most Americans consider comfortable, but during a killer heat wave, it is safe. 'Light sweating mode,' Stern laconically recalled, as he and his wife sauntered around the house in shorts. Stern had a unique opportunity to build his own low-energy home and eventually recoup the costs of his upfront investments in the form of small utility bills. But he experiences the split incentive problem when he designs other peoples' homes. Years ago, he was hired to design a four-story, 23-unit apartment building for a developer in Portland. On the southern exposures, Stern called for wood shutters to slide on a track outside the windows, like a barn door. For most of the year, the shades would be out of the way, but in the summer, he imagined residents could crank open their casement windows, reach outside, and slide the shutters across the glass. But early on in construction, the developers began to worry about the durability of the external shades and backed out. What the tenants got instead were window ports to install their own AC units. Instead of paying more up front to save energy, the developer opted to pass the costs of cooling on to the future tenants. From a business perspective, the decision of developers to cut corners and not to invest in insulation, shading and other energy-saving measures makes sense. But the impact of decisions they make to protect their individual bottom lines affects all of us in the future, in the form of more and more energy that will be needed to keep those buildings cooler and cooler as temperatures continue to rise. It is this understandable self-interest that has prevented passive housing from reaching the masses. To cut through this knot, Americans need stronger building codes that mandate higher energy-efficiency standards, and developers need stronger financial incentives to build climate-resilient homes. We have reasons to be optimistic. Since Stern finished his passive house in 2013, such policies and incentives have boosted passive house construction in states such as New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Colorado, where political leaders are committed to reducing the carbon emissions of the building sector. To achieve these goals, they have not only beefed up their building codes but also awarded tax breaks and direct cash incentives to homebuilders who meet passive standards. Because of their unusual requirements, a passive house, apartment, or office can cost 3% to 5% more to build than a conventional structure. These states are offsetting the cost of that construction through government support. Currently, there are about sixteen thousand passive house apartments in the works nationwide. If every state in America strongly committed to reducing energy and increasing climate resilience, then passive housing could one day be as popular in the United States as it is in the European Union, where member countries are commanded to reach zero emissions in new buildings by 2030 and in existing ones by 2050. This mandate has made passive house construction all but essential in many countries. The Continent boasts many thousands more passive houses, apartments, and offices than the United States, and while most are new builds, some are also retrofitted old stock. 'I move into a building, and it's marketed as a luxury building,' said Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the congresswoman who represents New York City's outer boroughs in Washington, D.C. 'It's an efficient building, it's clean, it has public space, it has a rooftop garden.' A few months after she first introduced a Green New Deal resolution in 2019 that set a long-term goal of sustainable and affordable housing for every American, Ocasio-Cortez returned to Queens to open eight stories of passive house apartments for the elderly, many of whom were formerly homeless. 'I do a tour with one of the seniors,' she continued, 'and it looks just like my apartment.' She was stunned. Her visit occasioned a question: How could safe, dignified, and environmentally responsible housing be available for everyone? In part, through passive housing. The technical prerequisites for the world that she and others fight for are already here. This is an edited excerpt from the book SHADE: The Promise of a Forgotten Natural Resource by Sam Bloch. Copyright © 2025 by Sam Kahn Bloch. Publish by Random House, an imprint and division of Penguin Random House LLC. All rights reserved.
Miami Herald
19-06-2025
- Miami Herald
With no flights in or out of Israel, here's how stranded Floridians are getting home
The State of Florida and a group of nonprofits are rushing to bring back Americans stranded in Israel while commercial flights to and from the country are halted amid the conflict between Israel and Iran. The confrontation began Friday after Israel launched a surprise wave of airstrikes targeting Iran nuclear and military sites, top generals and nuclear scientists, the Associated Press reported. Bryan Stern, founder of Grey Bull Rescue, one of the groups coordinating rescue efforts with the state of Florida, said during an online news conference Thursday that there are several college students from Florida and other states who are waiting to be evacuated, including from Florida State University in Tallahassee. A group of 22 University of Miami students who were participating in an internship program in Tel Aviv are some of the people awaiting to be evacuated, according to The Miami Hurricane, the University of Miami's student newspaper. Arielle Green, 22, a UM student who was in the final week of her internship in Israel, told Miami Herald news partner CBS Miami that she recently woke up in the middle of the night to a missile alert blaring on her phone. She rushed to a nearby bomb shelter, where she and other students remained for nearly an hour. 'We're like waiting there and a bunch of Israelis on the street, near a bar, joined us,' she told the news station. 'We were sitting on the floor on mattresses and waiting until we got some sort of signal to leave.' The Miami Herald has contacted the University of Miami for more information. The students are in a safe location and are expected to be flown home by early next week, according to CBS Miami. State of Florida coordinating rescue efforts in Israel Florida's Division of Emergency Management, which is in charge of overseeing the state's response to hurricanes and other disasters, posted on Facebook Sunday that it's 'coordinating efforts to assist Americans seeking evacuation from the hostile situation in Israel.' 'If you or someone you know needs help returning home, visit: reads the post. The link directs people to fill out an evacuation assistance form from Tampa-based Grey Bull Rescue, a veteran-led team that helps rescue people from dangerous situations. Grey Bull Rescue has received over 4,000 evacuation requests and expects to hit 6,000 requests by Saturday, according to Stern, who founded the group several years ago. Stern said all of the rescue flights Grey Bull has coordinated so far with DeSantis have been 'successful' and that it has several other flights in the works. Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis has so far chartered at least four jets to fly nearly 1,500 Jewish Americans, who fled Israel to Cyprus via cruise ship, into Tampa, with Birthright Israel paying for all its participants' transportation costs, according to the Tampa Bay Times. South Florida resident Danielle Gozlan and her family had to travel across the Jordanian border to catch a flight that landed at Miami International Airport Thursday morning, according to WSVN. 'We couldn't find another way back we signed up for different ways—evacuation, rescue ways—and it just didn't work out for us so we had to go through Jordan. We had to get back home,' Gozlan told WSVN. 'It was really hard, especially for the kids, hearing the sirens go off every so often. It was really hard.' This isn't the first time the state of Florida has helped coordinate rescue efforts when there's been escalating conflict in the Middle East. In October 2023, at the start of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis reported that nearly 700 Americans were flown to Florida on four flights from Israel that were coordinated with Project DYNAMO, a veteran-led Tampa-based nonprofit that conducts rescue missions in conflict zones. On Tuesday, Project DYNAMO announced that it had 'completed its first successful evacuations of Americans out of Israel' during this latest conflict in the Middle East, including 30 veterans who were on a retreat in Jerusalem with South Florida non-profit Heroes to Heroes. This article will be updated.
