New gene therapy to target airway and lungs via nasal spray
For gene therapy to work well, therapeutic molecules need to be efficiently delivered to the correct locations in the body. It is commonly done by using adeno-associated viruses (AAV) gene therapy.
To improve the AAV's ability to deliver therapeutics specifically to the lungs and airway, researchers at the Mass General Brigham engineered a new version, called AAV.CPP.16, which can be administered with a nasal spray.
In preclinical models, AAV.CPP.16 outperformed previous versions by more effectively targeting the airway and lungs and showing promise for respiratory and lung gene therapy, said the researchers in the paper published in the journal Cell Reports Medicine.
"We noticed that AAV.CPP.16, which we initially engineered to enter the central nervous system, also efficiently targeted lung cells," said senior author FengFeng Bei, from the Department of Neurosurgery at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
"This prompted us to further investigate AAV.CPP.16 for intranasal gene delivery to the respiratory airways," Bei added.
In the study, AAV.CPP.16 outperformed previous versions (AAV6 and AAV9) in cell culture, mouse models, and non-human primate models.
'Our findings highlight AAV.CPP.16 as a promising vector for respiratory and lung gene therapy,' the team said.
They then used the more efficient tool to deliver scar-preventing gene therapy for pulmonary fibrosis, using a mouse model of the respiratory disease.
They also used the tool to deliver gene therapy for a viral infection, where the therapy prevented the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a mouse model of Covid-19.
"Although further research is needed, our findings suggest that intranasal AAV.CPP.16 has strong translational potential as a promising delivery tool for targeting the airway and lung," said Bei.
Hashtags
Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles
The Hindu
15 hours ago
- The Hindu
'Science is not meant for an individual or a nation, but for global progress'
Science is not meant for an individual or a nation, but for a global progress, said former ISRO Director Mylswamy Annadurai here on Sunday. He was speaking at the valedictory function of the two-day state level Young Astronomy and Space Science Congress - YASSC 2025 at Sri Kaliswari College here. Dr. Mylswamy, who had served as the Project Director of Chandrayaan-1 and Chandrayaan-2, Mangalyaan and among others inspired the participants with his motivational words on space exploration and scientific innovation. The nation's strength largely depends on scientific development. He emphasised that science would benefit the entire globe and not just an individual or a country. In the Global Innovation Index, India has advanced to the 39th position from its earlier rank of 81 which he greatly appreciated. He shared his personal journey of making every available opportunity as the key for his achievement. He stressed that the government and private institutions should support research and development, foster global opportunities in scientific research for children as in sports and work to enhance the technology readiness level. He appreciated the initiatives of Tamil Nadu Astronomy and Science Society (TASS) and expressed hope that they would be extended to other states in future. He said that in science there is no victory or failure, as every scientific endeavour is a process of learning. Out of 182 teams, 57 among them received special mention and were honoured with medals, while 100 participants were awarded certificates. Medals were also presented to evaluators, regional coordinators, and regional academic coordinators. The event marked another milestone with the release of the lunar eclipse poster, along with the launch of the newsletter of the state level YASSC 2025. Ariviyal Palagai coordinator Srikumar welcomed. Sri Kaliswari College secretary A. P. Selvarajan presided. The TASS general secretary I Manohar presented an overview of the YASSC. TASS president G. Ramesh, YASSC evaluation coordinator D. Khanna and others spoke. A total of 1252 students participated from across T.N. in six events including paper presentation, e-content development and astro-game creations. Secretary S. P. Sellakumar proposed a vote of thanks.
Time of India
2 days ago
- Time of India
NIT Rourkela decodes sugar molecules, protein complex to boost bone regeneration tech
New Delhi: Researchers at the National Institute of Technology (NIT), Rourkela have uncovered how natural sugar-like molecules in the human body can alter the behaviour of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2), a protein responsible for bone formation and repair, according to officials. Published in the prestigious journal Biochemistry, the findings of this research can be used for advanced treatments in bone and cartilage regeneration, improved implants and more effective protein-based medicines. According to Harekrushna Sahoo, Associate Professor, NIT, Rourkela, proteins carry out various functions in the human body -- from building tissues and supporting chemical reactions to acting as signals between cells. However, for the best productivity, they need to be folded or unfolded into precise three-dimensional shapes. Understanding why and how proteins unfold is a major goal in biology, with implications for medicine, biotechnology and drug delivery. "In this context, BMP-2 plays a crucial role in forming bones and cartilage, healing injuries and guiding stem cells to become bone-forming cells. However, in the human body, this protein interacts with different Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), special sugar-like molecules found in connective tissues and joint fluids," Sahoo said. The team observed that BMP-2 unfolded faster in the presence of Sulfated Hyaluronic Acid (SHA), a type of GAG, compared to regular Hyaluronic Acid or without additives. The researchers found that SHA binds directly to BMP-2 protein, gently altering its structure and making it unfold in a more controlled manner. "BMP-2 is a critical protein in humans that plays a fundamental role in osteogenesis and bone regeneration . Our study reveals how specific GAG-BMP-2 interactions influence unfolding dynamics and structural stability. These insights allow scaffold designs to actively preserve BMP-2's functional conformation, prolong bioactivity, lower dosage needs and reduce side effects. "Furthermore, the work offers a mechanistic basis for tailoring GAG functional group modifications to modulate protein structure and activity, guiding next-generation pharmaceutical formulation," he said.
Time of India
3 days ago
- Time of India
Don't eat these 7 foods if you're prone to cold sores
Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus and can be both painful and disruptive. While a poor diet can weaken the immune system and increase susceptibility, certain healthy foods may also trigger outbreaks. According to a study published in NIH, foods high in arginine, an amino acid that the virus feeds on, are particularly linked to recurring cold sores. Being aware of these foods and limiting them can help reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks. This guide highlights seven arginine-rich foods that are best avoided or moderated for anyone prone to cold sores while still supporting overall health. What are cold sores and its symptoms Cold sores, also known as fever blisters, are a common viral infection that appears as tiny, fluid-filled blisters on and around the lips, often grouped together in patches. When these blisters break, they form scabs that can last for several days, with the sores typically healing within two to three weeks without leaving scars. Cold sores are usually caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and less commonly by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). They spread through close contact, such as kissing, and can be transmitted even when sores are not visible. Cold sore symptoms: Tingling and itching: A day or so before blisters appear, you may feel itching, burning, or tingling around the lips. Blisters: Small, fluid-filled blisters usually form along the border of the lips and sometimes around the nose, cheeks, or inside the mouth. Oozing and crusting: The blisters may merge, burst, and ooze, leaving shallow open sores that eventually crust over as they heal. 7 everyday foods that may trigger cold sore outbreaks Nuts Nuts are a staple of a healthy diet, packed with protein, fibre, and minerals, but they are also one of the worst triggers for cold sores. Peanuts, walnuts, and hazelnuts, in particular, contain high amounts of arginine, as do peanut butter and other nut spreads. Even dishes like curries or baked goods that include nuts can contribute to outbreaks, especially if combined with spicy ingredients that irritate sensitive skin. While nuts offer many health benefits, moderation is key for those susceptible to cold sores. Pumpkin Seeds and Other Seeds Seeds like pumpkin and sesame are highly nutritious but are also rich in arginine. These are commonly added to salads, smoothies, and baked goods, making them easy to consume in larger quantities than intended. For those with frequent cold sore flare-ups, reducing seed intake or substituting them with lower-arginine seeds, such as sunflower seeds in moderation, may help prevent triggers without compromising overall nutrition. Chocolate Chocolate is widely enjoyed, especially dark chocolate for its antioxidant content. However, darker varieties tend to have higher levels of arginine, which can provoke cold sore outbreaks. Even small amounts may be enough to trigger symptoms in sensitive individuals. During periods of high susceptibility, limiting chocolate consumption or opting for alternatives like carob may reduce the risk of an outbreak. Spirulina Spirulina, the blue-green algae celebrated for its superfood status, is often added to smoothies and protein shakes for its high nutrient content. Unfortunately, it is also rich in arginine. While it can support overall health, those prone to cold sores may need to avoid spirulina or use it sparingly to prevent flare-ups. Squash Squash, a favourite winter vegetable, is surprisingly high in arginine. While nutritious and versatile in soups and roasted dishes, squash can contribute to cold sore outbreaks in sensitive individuals. If you are susceptible, consider replacing squash with lower-arginine vegetables, such as carrots, zucchini, or bell peppers, to maintain a healthy diet without triggering symptoms. Oats Oats are a wholesome breakfast option, full of fibre and nutrients. However, they also contain a significant amount of arginine. For people prone to cold sores, this means that even a morning bowl of oatmeal could contribute to flare-ups. Swapping oats for alternatives like quinoa flakes, rice porridge, or other whole foods can offer similar nutrition while reducing arginine intake. Wheat Wheat is found in most breads, pastas, and baked goods, making it difficult to avoid completely. Its high arginine content can increase the likelihood of cold sore outbreaks. Opting for gluten-free grains, such as rice, buckwheat, or millet, is a practical way to enjoy baked and cooked dishes without the arginine overload. Cold sore prevention : Supplements, lysine-rich foods , and immune support Muscle-building supplements often contain concentrated arginine, which can trigger cold sore outbreaks. Those prone to cold sores should check supplement labels carefully and avoid products high in arginine. Balancing your diet with lysine-rich foods can help counteract arginine and reduce symptoms. Foods such as fish, beans, and dairy provide lysine and can be included alongside lower-arginine meals. Supporting your immune system with nutrients like vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and herbs such as echinacea may also help prevent outbreaks. Topical treatments like petroleum jelly or bio-propolis ointments can soothe blisters, while antiviral medications are available for persistent cases. Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), which remains dormant in the body after the initial infection. Outbreaks are often triggered by stress, weakened immunity, or environmental factors. Foods high in arginine can exacerbate this, making dietary awareness a valuable part of cold sore management. By being mindful of high-arginine foods and balancing them with lysine-rich options, you can reduce the frequency and severity of cold sore outbreaks while maintaining a healthy, nutrient-rich diet. Also Read: 7 Side effects of overeating bananas on your digestion, heart, blood sugar, and more Get the latest lifestyle updates on Times of India, along with Happy Independence Day wishes, messages , and quotes !
