
The wobbly foundations of the stablecoin boom: podcast
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US lawmakers endorsed digital tokens backed by dollars like Tether and USDC, collectively worth $250 bln. In this episode of The Big View podcast, banks analyst and author Dan Davies explains the risks of mingling supposedly solid crypto assets with the regulated banking system.
(The host is a Reuters Breakingviews columnist. The opinions expressed are his own.)
Further Reading
Circle IPO tethers rival to an unhinged valuation
The bitcoin hoarder copycat game is just beginning
Why stablecoins will entrench dollar's supremacy
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Reuters
24 minutes ago
- Reuters
Trump tax bill risks exodus of clean hydrogen investment
June 16 - Tax and spending plans in President Trump's 'One Big Beautiful" bill passed by the House of Representatives on May 22 would hobble the nascent U.S. green hydrogen industry in the United States by removing crucial tax credits earlier than previously planned. Introduced in the Biden administration's 2022 Inflation Reduction Act, base 45V production tax credits (PTCs) of up to $3/kg are offered depending on emissions. The credits are available for 'green' hydrogen projects, which use electrolyzers powered by renewable energy, and 'blue' hydrogen projects using steam methane reformation coupled with carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS). Trump's tax bill would bring forward the deadline for projects to qualify for the 45V credits, requiring them to begin construction by January 1, 2026 compared with the previous deadline of January 1, 2033 set out by the Biden administration. A revised bill released by the Senate Finance Committee on June 16 retained the changes. Final guidance on how to qualify for the credits was only published by the U.S. Treasury Department in January 2025 and is complex, requiring projects to source clean power from either nuclear plants "at risk of retirement" or new renewable energy projects, to minimize the impact on wider electricity supply. Many projects "will not be able to meet the end of 2025 deadline' set out in the proposed tax bill, Lee Beck, Senior Vice President for global policy and commercial strategy at green fuel developer HIF Global, told Reuters Events. "It takes four to six years to develop large infrastructure projects," Beck said "Having just a few months to make the required project changes, commence construction, and reach financial close is unrealistic in infrastructure timeframes.' In one example, HIF Global requires until the end of 2027 to begin construction of a green hydrogen plant in Matagorda County, Texas, Beck said. The project will require $7 billion of investment and the company has already spent more than $200 million developing the plant, which would produce 1.4 million tons/year of e-methanol using hydrogen and captured CO2 to supply the automotive, shipping and aviation sectors. Join 3,000+ senior decision-makers across energy and finance at Reuters Events Energy LIVE 2025. The shortened deadline for the 45V credits 'would pull the rug out from under the whole industry," Beck said. Many investors would pivot to other regions. HIF Global has plans to develop projects around the world and 'will allocate capital to the places that are most competitive,' Beck said. Economic impact Approved by a single vote majority in the House of Representatives, the tax bill is currently with the Senate and changes may yet be made. Many Republican states have benefited from the tax credits while some Republicans fear the bill will inflate the federal deficit. Dozens of stakeholders including the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the FCHEA sent a joint letter to Senate majority leader John Thune and Chairman of the Senate Committee on Finance Mike Crapo on June 5, calling for the retention of the 45V credits for projects that start construction by December 31, 2029. Download our exclusive report: US Energy Strategies Under Trump 2.0 The early withdrawal of 45V tax credits would "send yet another destabilising signal to the market—stranding investment and halting project development," FCHEA President and CEO Frank Wolak told Reuters Events. Eliminating the credits early would impact American job creation and industrial competitiveness, Wolak said. 'Walking away from the 45V credit would cede our competitive edge to China and Europe, where governments are aggressively supporting their hydrogen industries," he said. Demand challenge Current hydrogen production is mostly 'grey' hydrogen produced from gas using steam methane reformation processes. The cost of green hydrogen is currently far higher than the cost of grey hydrogen and the 45V tax credits were introduced to help clean hydrogen developers move from pilot projects to larger commercial facilities and drive down costs. The Biden administration aimed to reduce the cost of clean hydrogen to $1/kg by 2031, compared with around $5/kg in 2022. CHART: US estimated clean hydrogen demand at threshold prices While Trump's proposed tax bill cuts back the 45V credits, it leaves intact 45Q tax credits for carbon sequestration that offer an alternative form of support for blue hydrogen projects. The 45Q credits offer $60 to $180/tonne of sequestered carbon if prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements are met. Developers must choose between 45V or 45Q schemes. A lack of U.S.-wide incentives for hydrogen consumers to switch to cleaner solutions means there is little motivation for offtakers to choose green or blue hydrogen over established grey hydrogen sources. A small number of states including California, Oregon and Washington provide some support for clean hydrogen through low carbon fuel standard programs. For exclusive hydrogen insights, sign up to our newsletter. The cost of green hydrogen will fall over time and this will allow developers to capture more market share, Sanjay Shrestha, President of green hydrogen developer Plug Power, told Reuters Events in April. Plug Power operates the country's largest proton exchange membrane electrolyzer in Georgia, featuring eight 5 MW units. Infrastructure cuts President Trump is also expected to cut funding for regional hydrogen hubs seen as crucial for building out the infrastructure to deliver clean hydrogen to customers. Under the Biden administration's H2hubs plan, $7 billion of federal funding was agreed for seven new hydrogen hubs for Appalachia, California, Gulf Coast, Heartland, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest and the Pacific Northwest. MAP: US planned, installed electrolyzer capacity Phase 1 funding of $87.5 million was agreed in September 2024, providing funds to plan and develop the California hub, which would leverage wind power; the Pacific Northwest hub, based on hydro; and the Appalachian hub, which would make use of natural gas. Future funding instalments are in doubt however, as President Trump ordered the Department of Energy (DOE) to review all funding programs including the remaining H2hubs financing. The DOE is expected to complete the funding review by the end of the summer. The scheme planned to provide up to $1 billion of federal funding and attract $4 to $5 billion in private sector investment to each of the seven hubs. Without the connective infrastructure provided by the planned hubs to support the production, storage, delivery, and end-use of hydrogen, 'the commercial-scale deployment of clean hydrogen would likely be more challenging," Jeffrey Davis, Partner at law firm White & Case, told Reuters Events.


Reuters
26 minutes ago
- Reuters
US set to object to green jet fuel recommendation at UN aviation council, sources say
MONTREAL/SAO PAULO June 17 (Rtrs) - The U.S. is expected to object this month to a recommendation at the UN aviation agency council that Washington says unfairly favors Brazilian corn farmers at the expense of U.S. producers in development of green jet fuel, two sources familiar with the matter told Reuters. One of the sources said the discussions could be resolved by a compromise. Still, Brazil's corn ethanol producers have warned that the disagreement could undermine global confidence in certification of sustainable aviation fuels. Global carriers, aiming for net zero emissions by 2050, are being pressed to swap kerosene for cleaner but costly alternatives made from materials such as municipal waste or cooking oil. The International Air Transport Association estimates the long-term cost of the aviation sector's green transition at $4.7 trillion. Global SAF now accounts for less than 1% of industry's total jet fuel usage. But products that can make fuel with lower emissions should find growing markets due to European quotas at airports, tax incentives and global targets. With U.S. corn production outpacing domestic demand, farmers and ethanol producers in the Midwest have said they are trying to lower the emissions involved in producing and marketing corn ethanol for new markets like green jet fuel. For instance, some U.S. ethanol producers have suggested using carbon capture technology. The Iowa Corn Growers Association, which supports carbon capture and sequestration projects to lower emissions, has said Brazil already has a lower carbon score for corn ethanol than the U.S., which would give the South American country an advantage in meeting demand from airlines. The U.S. State Department raised objections in March, opens new tab to a recommendation from an International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) technical panel, which has proposed criteria for SAF. The U.S. argued that the recommendation unfairly helps Brazil over the rest of the world as it would award a lower carbon score to multicropping, or farming when two or more crops like corn and soy are grown on the same land, a common practice in the South American nation. The recommendation is coming to ICAO's 36-member council for review ahead of the global agency's triennial assembly this fall. ICAO cannot impose rules on member states, but countries that approve the agency's standards and guidance usually abide by them. The U.S. State Department declined comment. Brazil's agricultural ministry acknowledged it received questions from Reuters but did not respond further. Montreal-based ICAO was not immediately available for comment. In Brazil, where annual corn ethanol output is forecast to almost double to around 16 billion litres by 2032, the producers' association UNEM told Reuters that recommendations from ICAO's Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) should be free from politics. "Any attempt at political interference would undermine not only the decision-making process, but also the international community's confidence in the sustainable aviation fuels certification system," said Bruno Alves, director of institutional relations and sustainability at UNEM. "UNEM believes it is essential that this technical and transparent process be respected and preserved. Attempts to delegitimize or politicize the results would be extremely serious."


Telegraph
28 minutes ago
- Telegraph
Elon Musk reveals drug test results after ketamine use claims
Elon Musk has revealed the results of a drug test in an effort to defuse claims that he was routinely taking ketamine in the run-up to the US election. The world's richest man shared a report from a drug testing lab that contained a set of negative results for illegal and medical substances, including ecstasy, cocaine and ketamine. Published on his social media platform X, Mr Musk revealed results from a urine sample submitted to an Austin medical lab on June 13. lol — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) June 17, 2025 It comes after the billionaire denied claims of drug-taking following a New York Times report in May. In that, it was claimed he was regularly taking a cocktail of drugs on the campaign trail, including ketamine, which allegedly caused him bladder problems. Mr Musk has previously admitted to taking a small amount of ketamine for medical reasons, prescribed by a doctor to treat depression. He also smoked marijuana on an episode of Joe Rogan's podcast in 2018. However, the report claimed his drug taking went far beyond what he had disclosed, accusing Mr Musk of taking recreational drugs including ecstasy and magic mushrooms. He also reportedly took the medical stimulant Adderall. Earlier this month, Mr Musk said: 'I am NOT taking drugs. The New York Times was lying their ass off.' The New York Times claimed that Mr Musk was given advanced warnings of drug tests as part of his role as chief executive of SpaceX, his rocket business, which must maintain a drug-free workforce as a government contractor. Mr Musk has previously said he disliked drug-taking, telling his biographer Walter Isaacson: 'I really don't like doing illegal drugs.' He also denied that he had a problem with ketamine in an interview last year. 'If you've used too much ketamine, you can't really get work done, and I have a lot of work,' he said, while confirming he took a 'small amount' for medical reasons. On X on Tuesday, Mr Musk shared a post from a follower, which said: 'If Elon is on any drugs, I want what he's having.'