India can charge every EV by 2032 using just 3% of its solar and wind target: Report
This finding suggests that India's clean energy push under the National Electricity Plan (NEP-14), which targets 486 GW of solar and wind by 2032, could comfortably support the country's rising EV fleet without additional strain on the grid.
The study estimates that powering the entire projected EV stock in 2032 would require around 15 GW of
solar and wind energy
capacity. However, the report highlights that the environmental benefits of EVs will depend heavily on when and how the charging takes place.
'Today, most EV charging happens at homes in the evening and night, when fossil fuels dominate the power mix,' said Ruchita Shah, energy analyst at Ember. 'Using measures such as Time-of-Day (ToD) tariffs while expanding
public charging stations
, especially at workplaces and commercial hubs, will enable more daytime charging and greater use of clean energy.'
Daytime charging key to clean transport
While EV adoption is increasing, the report titled "From fossil to flexible: advancing India's road transport electrification" points to a mismatch between charging times and clean power availability. With coal dominating nighttime electricity generation, most private EV users end up charging during fossil-heavy hours, reducing the climate benefits of switching to electric mobility.
To address this, eight states—Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu—have introduced solar-hour ToD tariffs that make power cheaper during sunlight hours, when clean energy is abundant.
Public charging and state policies
The report analyses policies and charging behaviour in 10 states with high EV penetration or policy visibility, including Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh. It recommends that public charging stations be deployed at commercial hubs and workplaces to encourage daytime charging and maximise renewable usage.
Ember also notes that most green tariffs available for renewable electricity are limited to commercial users. Residential EV users—who currently account for most of India's charging demand—cannot access them.
'States with higher EV adoption can view the EV sector, among others, as a strategic lever to stimulate demand for clean electricity procurement,' Shah added.
Data and discoms at the centre of clean charging
The report stresses the need for data-driven planning. Discoms need real-time information and forecasting systems to predict EV charging demand and align it with renewable power availability.
With the right policies, India can use its expanding renewable infrastructure to decarbonise road transport and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
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