Japan's corporate service inflation hits 3.1% in April
TOKYO, May 27 (Reuters) - A leading indicator of Japan's service-sector inflation hit 3.1% in April, data showed on Tuesday, keeping alive expectations of further interest rate hikes by the central bank.
Service-sector inflation is being closely watched by the Bank of Japan for clues on whether prospects of sustained wage gains will prod firms to continue raising prices, and keep inflation sustainably around its 2% target.
The April year-on-year gain in the services producer price index, which measures the price companies charge each other for services, followed a revised 3.3% increase in March, BOJ data showed.
The BOJ ended a decade-long, massive stimulus programme last year and in January raised short-term interest rates to 0.5% on the view Japan was on the cusp of durably meeting its 2% inflation target.
While the central bank has signalled readiness to raise rates further, the economic repercussions from higher U.S. tariffs forced it to cut its growth forecasts and complicated decisions around the timing of the next rate increase.
A Reuters poll, taken on May 7-13, showed most economists expect the BOJ to hold rates steady through September with a small majority forecasting a hike by year-end.
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On the policy and macro front, Fed Chair Jerome Powell's second day of congressional testimony passed off without fireworks, although there were sparks in his exchanges with some lawmakers. He reiterated his view that the central bank is right to wait and see what the impact is from tariffs before considering further rate cuts. U.S. foreign investment slump - anomaly or warning? Much of the 'de-dollarization' debate has focused on foreign exposure to U.S. securities like stocks and bonds. But investors shouldn't ignore foreign direct investment flows, the traditionally sticky capital that may also be sending out warning signals. Foreign direct investment typically involves an overseas entity acquiring the assets of a company in another country or increasing its holdings, often via the purchase of machinery, plants or a controlling stake. FDI is therefore considered a longer-term investment compared to portfolio flows, which can be more volatile. U.S. President Donald Trump says he has attracted record foreign investment into the country. Indeed, the White House has a page on its website with a "non-comprehensive running list of new U.S.-based investments" since Trump's second term began. The running total is in the trillions of dollars and includes pledges from several foreign countries. Included are more than $4 trillion in U.S.-bound investments pledged by the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Japan and Saudi Arabia. During Trump's trip to the Middle East last month, he said the U.S. is on track to receive $12-$13 trillion of investments from countries around the globe, which includes "projects mostly announced ... and some to be announced very shortly." These flows may emerge in full, in time. But official figures on Tuesday showed that FDI in the first quarter actually fell to $52.8 billion, the lowest total since the fourth quarter of 2022. That's well below the quarterly averages of the past 10 and 20 years. The Commerce Department figures also showed that the U.S. current account deficit widened to a record $450.2 billion in the quarter, or 6% of U.S. GDP, meaning FDI inflows barely covered 10% of that shortfall. Should the Trump administration be worried? The short answer is probably not, at least not yet. FDI flows are typically far smaller than portfolio flows into equity and fixed income securities, so from the perspective of funding the current account deficit, the drop in FDI is not as pressing a concern. On the other hand, if foreign investors are also buying fewer U.S. securities, capital from elsewhere will be needed to fund that deficit. Additionally, America's balance of payments data in the first quarter was hugely distorted by domestic consumers and businesses front-running Trump's tariffs, loading up on imports before the duties kick in later this year. Trump's bet is that the deficit will shrink this year and beyond as his 'America First' policies spur more "onshoring" from domestic firms as they bring production back home and the weakening dollar helps U.S. manufacturing by making exports more competitive. The subsequent boom will attract investment from companies and governments overseas. In theory. However, these dynamics work both ways. For example, the European Union is by far the largest provider of U.S. FDI, accounting for 45% of the total in 2023, according to Citi. The combination of the continent's German-led fiscal splurge, U.S. tariffs and 'de-dollarization' concerns could easily crimp that flow, perhaps significantly. Another potential risk to U.S.-bound FDI is 'Section 899' - the possible tax of up to 20% on foreigners' U.S. income that could be part of Trump's budget plans. A Tax Foundation report in May found that Section 899 would "hit inbound investment from countries that make up more than 80 percent of the U.S. inbound FDI stock." Industry pushback may water down Section 899, but it remains a cloud on the U.S. investment horizon. The U.S. is the world's biggest recipient of FDI, with a 25% share of global volumes in 2023, up from around 15% before the pandemic, according to Citi. Its economy is the largest in the world, a thriving hub of innovation, pioneering technology, artificial intelligence and money-making potential. That will always attract FDI. Whether it attracts as much in this new environment remains to be seen. What could move markets tomorrow? Want to receive Trading Day in your inbox every weekday morning? Sign up for my newsletter here. Opinions expressed are those of the author. They do not reflect the views of Reuters News, which, under the Trust Principles, opens new tab, is committed to integrity, independence, and freedom from bias.
