50% vehicles in India uninsured, PUCC below 30% in these states: Report
Despite stricter laws and increased awareness around road safety, millions of vehicles across the country continue to ply without valid insurance or a Pollution Under Control Certificate (PUCC). These findings are part of the latest ORBIT data study by CARS24.
Here's a quick look at some key findings.
According to the report, more than 50 percent of vehicles in India do not have valid insurance, and two-wheelers account for the majority of these cases. In addition, states such as Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu show less than 30 percent compliance with PUCC norms. The report shows that even as the number of vehicles grows year after year, legal and environmental compliance is not keeping pace.
Interestingly, the data also reveals that while southern states like Andhra Pradesh and Kerala fare slightly better, with average compliance enforcement rates of around 9.6 percent, northern states are further behind at 5.6 percent. In the northern region, the bigger issue is lapsed or expired insurance, whereas in the southern states, the focus area remains PUCC violations. Maharashtra has an enforcement rate of just 1.9 percent. Rajasthan stands out with a relatively better rate of 6.74 percent.
The study also sheds light on how people are using FASTags. Between June 2024 and June 2025, FASTag toll collections have grown by 17.53 percent, and the average FASTag wallet balance is ₹ 408. While this shows that digital toll payments are on the rise, the lack of basic vehicle documents points to a disconnect between digital adoption and legal compliance.
Another major concern is the massive backlog of unpaid traffic fines. Since 2015, traffic challans worth ₹ 5.11 lakh crore have been issued. However, only ₹ 1.92 lakh crore has been paid so far, while the remaining ₹ 3.18 lakh crore is stuck in courts. As many as 7.69 crore challans are still pending litigation.
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