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New Indian Express
4 days ago
- Climate
- New Indian Express
CWRDM proposes immediate steps to face monsoon crisis in Kerala
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: With the southwest monsoon arriving earlier than usual and bringing unusually heavy rain, the Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM) has issued urgent recommendations to tackle potential flooding and landslides in Kerala. The state witnessed one of its earliest monsoon onsets in recent years. According to CWRDM, this year's pattern—marked by intense rainfall in short bursts followed by dry spells—highlights the growing need for improved disaster preparedness and smarter water management. In just one week, from May 24 to 31, Kozhikode recorded 620 mm of rainfall—nearly 28% of the region's average monsoon total. Daily rainfall during this period crossed 60 mm, sparking fears of flash floods, waterlogging, and landslides, especially in hilly regions. 'Traditionally, Kerala's monsoon sets in around June 1. But since 1970, nearly half of the monsoons have begun in late May,' said CWRDM executive director Manoj P Samuel. 'This year's early onset is among the earliest ever—second only to May 18, 1990,' he said. Experts link this shift to warming sea surface temperatures in the Arabian Sea, stronger cross-equatorial winds, and global atmospheric changes such as the Madden-Julian Oscillation.
The Hindu
01-06-2025
- Climate
- The Hindu
CWRDM suggests clearing waterways, smarter dam operations to combat monsoon fury
The Kozhikode-based Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM), an agency under the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, has suggested both long-term and short-term measures to address the consequences of the early onset of the monsoon in Kerala. CWRDM officials told The Hindu on Sunday (June 1) that immediate steps should include clearing waterways—especially small streams within river systems; intelligent and timely operation of dams, check dams, and other flow-regulating structures; avoiding harvesting and storing large volumes of water in upper reaches; and preventing soil or land disturbances in sloping areas. The CWRDM also recommended marking/geo-tagging and surveillance of accident-prone waterlogged zones near schools and roads; avoiding the mixing of waste or wastewater with drinking water sources; using boiled water for drinking; testing the quality of drinking water in waterlogged areas; and closely monitoring and acting on warnings issued by the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the State Disaster Management Authority, and other government agencies. Long-term strategies suggested by the agency include an accurate and precise model, a software-based mobile app or a user interface to get weather prediction and a short-term weather forecast. The agency also emphasised the need for systems to enable the timely and efficient dissemination of information and warnings to the public. Other proposals include involving citizens in rain and river monitoring; deploying trained disaster management teams in hotspot areas; issuing advance guidance on dos and don'ts during disasters; and marking safe zones for immediate evacuation. This year, Kerala experienced an early onset of the Southwest Monsoon on May 24. The earliest recorded onset during this period occurred in 1990, when the monsoon arrived on May 18. The early arrival this year was accompanied by intense rainfall during the last week of May. According to data from the CWRDM meteorological station in Kozhikode, the region recorded 620 mm of rainfall between May 24 and May 31, which amounts to approximately 27.78% of the seasonal monsoon average of 2,228 mm. Each day in this period saw over 60 mm of rainfall until May 30, resulting in saturated soil, localised flooding, and waterlogging in low-lying areas. Analysing historical patterns, CWRDM officials noted that early monsoon onsets have often been associated with above-normal seasonal rainfall. In nearly 70% of the years with early onset, Kerala received above-average total monsoon rainfall. If this trend continues, 2025 could be heading for an above-average monsoon—provided rainfall remains consistent during the mid and late phases of the season. These evolving trends highlight the urgent need for improved forecasting tools, real-time rainfall monitoring, and adaptive planning strategies, the officials said. The CWRDM officials also pointed out a growing concern: the increasing frequency of short-duration, high-intensity rainfall events, often followed by extended dry spells. While such patterns keep the average seasonal rainfall stable, they redistribute it unevenly over time, increasing the risk of flash floods and rainfall-induced landslides, particularly in hilly and urban areas. These extreme events place mounting pressure on infrastructure, strain water management systems, and challenge the resilience of the agricultural sector, they added.
The Hindu
11-05-2025
- The Hindu
CWRDM's Water Heritage Museum in Kozhikode gets global recognition
The Water Heritage Museum operated by the Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWDRM) in Kozhikode has been included in the Global Network of Water Museums, an initiative under Unesco's Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme. According to a release, the museum is only the third such institution in the country to be added to the prestigious international network, marking a significant milestone in highlighting Kerala's rich water heritage on a global platform. The global network aims to promote awareness of water's cultural significance and foster community participation in sustainable water management. The museum showcases Kerala's indigenous water traditions and practices through a variety of thoughtfully curated exhibits. Besides, it also features a medicinal plant garden, a star garden, and a butterfly garden. A climate change study lab and galleries showcasing research achievements of the CWDRM further enhance its educational value. Manoj P. Samuel, Director, CWDRM, said that the recognition on a global platform would help present Kerala's legacy in water conservation and environmental stewardship. 'The museum offers a unique blend of scientific insights and cultural narratives that highlight the evolution and importance of water management across centuries,' he added. The museum is open to the public and students from Monday to Saturday, between 10:30 a.m. and 4:30 p.m.
New Indian Express
06-05-2025
- General
- New Indian Express
Rs 188 crore plan to rejuvenate Kerala's Vembanad lake rolled out
ALAPPUZHA: The Alappuzha district administration has rolled out a Rs 188.25-crore project to breathe new life into Vembanad lake. The comprehensive project is aimed at cleaning, deepening and restoring the fragile ecosystem of the lake. Designed as a five-year action plan, the initiative is spearheaded by District Collector Alex Varghese and being executed in partnership with local self-government bodies. The blueprint of the project — christened the 'Vembanad Lake Rejuvenation Project' — was recently presented to Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan. It outlines both immediate interventions and long-term ecological goals. Alex said the cost estimates may undergo revisions following a detailed assessment by the Centre for Water Resources Development and Management, which is currently examining the region's water resources and irrigation potential. 'Short-term measures include removal of plastic debris, eradication of invasive weeds, construction of bio-shields to protect agricultural lands and the development of 31, one-km-long bio-bunds across as many as grama panchayats. Additional efforts such as fish ranching and waste collection drives are also on,' Alex said. The long-term strategies envision a more sustainable future for Vembanad and surrounding areas. These include dredging the lake to increase water retention, encouraging organic farming to curb chemical run-off, restoring local biodiversity and establishing sewage and faecal sludge treatment facilities, particularly in flood-prone Kuttanad. There are also plans to explore the economic potential of the water hyacinths by converting those into value-added products, alongside promoting tourism and boosting inland fish production. Already, significant progress has been made, said officials. In a recent largescale clean-up backed by the district administration, 28.72 tonnes of plastic waste and an even higher quantity of water hyacinths were removed from the lake. However, the officials admitted that rejuvenating the waterbody will be an uphill task requiring extensive financial resources, advanced machinery, skilled manpower and inter-agency coordination.
The Hindu
30-04-2025
- General
- The Hindu
Breathing life into Vembanad lake
Vembanad, the longest lake in India and the largest in Kerala, is gasping for breath. The 96.5 km-long water body spans the districts of Alappuzha, Kottayam, and Ernakulam and forms part of the Vembanad-Kol wetland system, a Ramsar site. Six major rivers drain into the lake, which accounts for around 30% of the State's total surface water resource. Over the past century, the lake has shrunk significantly due to human-induced interventions, land reclamation, and natural sedimentation, according to experts. Though vital to the region's ecology and agriculture, it faces severe threats from pollution, eutrophication, unsustainable agricultural practices, and invasive weed proliferation. A few years ago, a study by the Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies revealed alarming levels of plastic waste, silt, and other sediments in the lake. According to a recent expert committee report prepared as part of the Vembanad Lake Rejuvenation Project, an ambitious joint effort of the Alappuzha district administration and the Local Self Government Department, the lake's surface area has shrunk mainly due to land encroachment. Citing previous studies, the report notes that the surface area of the lake diminished by 27% between 1917 and 1990. The drastic reduction in not only area, but also depth, has significantly reduced the lake's floodwater retention capacity and impaired its critical ecosystem services, including water purification, biodiversity support, and sediment transport. The unchecked proliferation of water hyacinths has further worsened the situation, contributing to dangerously high levels of chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand. As a result, the fish catch has declined by about 66% over the last three decades. The efforts to rejuvenate the lake are being spearheaded by Alappuzha District Collector Alex Varghese. The initiative draws 'inspiration from the Namami Gange Programme'. It gained momentum on October 28, 2024 when a workshop was held focusing on addressing the challenges of restoring the water body. Eight subcommittees — agriculture, fisheries, water resources, tourism, biodiversity, environment and sanitation, disaster management and climate change, and revenue — were constituted. A ₹188.25 crore comprehensive five-year plan was formulated and recently submitted to Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan. The estimate may be revised based on the detailed study on water resources and irrigation projects being conducted by the Centre for Water Resources Development and Management. The short-term goals include the removal of plastic waste, construction of bio-shields to protect farmlands, fish ranching, weed eradication, and the construction of 31 bio bunds, each 1 km long in 31 grama panchayats. The long-term targets include dredging the lake bed to increase its water-holding capacity, promoting organic farming to prevent pollution from pesticides and chemicals, conserving the flora and fauna, establishing sewage and faecal sludge treatment plants in flood-prone Kuttanad, manufacturing value-added products from water hyacinth, and boosting tourism and fish yield. While the report is under the State government's consideration, 28.72 tonnes of plastic waste and a greater quantity of water hyacinth were removed from the lake in recent mega cleaning drives conducted under the aegis of the Alappuzha district administration. Rejuvenating the lake is critical for enhancing the region's resilience to climate change impacts such as erratic rainfall, sea-level rise, and intensified flooding events. However, it is easier said than done. For instance, houseboats are among the top sources of pollution in the lake. While the report calls for enacting strict laws against unauthorised vessels, previous efforts to rein in illegal houseboat operations have been largely ineffective. Another significant hurdle is land encroachment. The expert committee report notes that reclaiming encroached areas 'necessitates strong political support and decisive action.' Since Kuttanad is part of the Vembanad wetland ecosystem, the lake's restoration should be linked to the revival of the entire Kuttanad region. Coordinated collaboration among various stakeholders, including local communities, district administrations, and different levels of governance, will be key to overcoming these complex challenges and will require support from the Union and State governments.
