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NDTV
20-05-2025
- Politics
- NDTV
UPSC Prelims 2025: High-Yield Topics For General Studies Paper 1
With just a few days to go for the UPSC Prelims 2025, aspirants are gearing up to tackle the vast syllabus, strategically focusing on high-yield topics that can make a significant difference in their scores. Given the exam's competitive nature, it's crucial to prioritise areas that have consistently seen repeated questions or have been in the news recently. For General Studies Paper 1, key areas to focus on include history, geography, polity, economy, science & technology, and environment. So here are high-yield topics for General Studies Paper 1. Current Affairs: 1. AI Action Summit 2025: Held in Paris and co-chaired by India and France, the summit addressed AI governance, ethics, and global cooperation, emphasising responsible AI development. 2. Expo 2025 Osaka: Japan hosts Expo 2025 in Osaka with the theme "Designing Future Society for Our Lives", focusing on innovation, sustainability, and global collaboration. 3. 144th IOC Session: Kirsty Coventry of Zimbabwe became the first woman and African elected as IOC President during the 144th session in Greece, marking historic leadership. 4. Malian Protests 2025: Mass protests erupted in Mali against President Goita's regime, demanding democratic reforms and opposing the dissolution of political parties. 5. National Geospatial Mission: India launched the National Geospatial Mission to modernise land records and enhance urban planning, leveraging geospatial data for efficient infrastructure development. Other important current affairs topics are India-Pakistan Tensions, India-Myanmar Border Fencing, the G20 Summit on Digital Economy, the India-Australia Free Trade Agreement, ISRO's Mars Mission (Mangal-3), the UN Climate Change Conference (COP30), India's Electricity Demand Projections, Uttarakhand's Uniform Civil Code Bill 2024, and the Ram Mandir Inauguration. Science & Technology: 1. ISRO's SpaDeX Mission: India's SpaDeX mission successfully demonstrated autonomous satellite docking, a critical step towards establishing the Bharatiya Antariksh Station and advancing future crewed space missions. 2. International Year of Quantum Science and Technology: The United Nations declared 2025 as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology to highlight quantum advancements and promote global awareness of its transformative potential. 3. Scramjet Engine Ground Test: India conducted a successful ground test of its scramjet engine, marking a significant milestone in developing hypersonic missiles capable of speeds exceeding Mach 5. 4. IIT Delhi's 'Jigyasa' Initiative: IIT Delhi launched the 'Jigyasa' outreach program to bridge the gap between scientific research and the public, fostering scientific curiosity and understanding nationwide. 5. ISRO's Space 'Dogfight' Experiment: ISRO performed a high-speed satellite rendezvous, showcasing advanced orbital control and reinforcing India's capabilities in space security and future defense applications. Environment: 1. Environmental Monitoring: Environmental DNA (eDNA) is revolutionizing biodiversity mapping by identifying endangered species through genetic traces in water and soil. 2. Speciation and Ecosystems: Sympatric Speciation explains species evolution without geographic separation, while Woody Encroachment highlights how trees invading grasslands disrupt native herbivore habitats. 3. Climate Innovations: Concepts like Teal Carbon in estuarine ecosystems and Glacial Geoengineering using reflective covers aim to combat climate change and glacier melt. 4. Pollution and Health Risks: Toxic pollutants like Trichloroethylene and Perchloroethylene in groundwater and overexposure to Silicon Dioxide in mining pose serious health threats, including cancer and silicosis. 5. Sustainable Technology: Initiatives like the Green Tug Transition Programme, Direct Air Capture systems, and monitoring phenomena like Atmospheric Rivers and Ringwoodite Oceans represent India's strides in climate resilience and innovation. Additionally, familiarizing yourself with important new climate terms can also be highly beneficial for UPSC Prelims 2025. Economics: 1. Understanding the basics of economy and economic growth, including macro and microeconomics, is crucial. 2. Fiscal and monetary policies, including government borrowings and RBI's role in inflation control, play a significant role in shaping the economy. 3. The banking and financial system, comprising NBFC regulations and digital currencies, is vital for economic stability. 4. India's foreign trade and balance of payments are influenced by FDI, FPI, and trade relations. 5. Agricultural policies, including MSP and Kisan Credit Card, impact the economy and farmers' livelihoods. 6. Global economic institutions like IMF, AIIB, and WTO, as well as frameworks like G20, shape international economic cooperation and policy. History: For the UPSC Prelims 2025, important history topics include Ancient Indian History (Indus Valley Civilisation, Vedic Age, Buddhism, Mauryan Empire), Mediaeval Indian History (Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire, Bhakti & Sufi Movements), and Modern Indian History (British rule, Indian National Movement, Revolt of 1857). Additionally, art and culture and Indian history are crucial, including topics like Mauryan Pillar Inscriptions, Temple Architecture, and Sangam Literature. Polity and Governance: Recent developments in Indian polity include the Supreme Court's 2024 ruling on the Governor's assent to state bills, emphasizing constitutional procedures. The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, now the UWMEED Act, introduces reforms for inclusive management of waqf properties. The Immigration & Foreigners Act, 2025, updates immigration regulations. Initiatives like the Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI) assess local governance. Electoral reforms enhance accessibility through home voting for PwDs and the elderly, and Braille signage on EVMs. Digital governance advances with the Digital Brand Identity Manual (DBIM) and the Copenhagen Framework on Citizen Data. The Aadhaar Authentication Rules, 2025, further streamline identity verification processes. These topics are crucial for understanding the evolving landscape of Indian governance and are significant for UPSC Prelims 2025 preparation. Geography: For UPSC Prelims 2025, focus on geography topics including physical geography (geomorphology, climatology, oceanography), Indian geography (physiography, drainage, climate), and human and economic geography (population, agriculture, resources). Important map topics include India's states, cities, rivers, and protected areas. Stay updated on current affairs like climate change, natural disasters, and global events. Practice map-based questions for better scores.
Muscat Daily
14-05-2025
- Politics
- Muscat Daily
Mali's military government dissolves all political parties
Bamako, Mali – Mali's military government announced on Tuesday that it has dissolved all political parties in the West African country. Mamani Nassire, the minister of political reforms, read out the decree signed by military government president Assimi Goita on television. 'Political parties and organisations of a political nature are dissolved throughout the national territory,' Nassire said. 'It is forbidden for members of dissolved political parties and political organisations to hold any meetings,' he added, reading from the decree. The announcement follows an increasing number of pro-democracy activists being kidnapped from the streets of the capital Bamako. It also comes days after a pro-democracy protest was held. Why the ban? Mali has been under military rule since a pair of coups in 2020 and 2021 led by Goita. While the leader has assured the people that elections will be held, the promised ballot of February 2022 was delayed for 'technical reasons'. No revised timeline for elections has been provided. In April, ministers of the transitional government recommended extending Goita's presidency until 2030. On Monday, Mali's National Transition Council, the transitional legislative body, voted in favour of the dissolution of political parties. 'This decision deals a severe blow to the reconciliation process that began last year,' wrote Mali's former prime minister, Moussa Mara, on his X account. Opposition leaders go missing Bamako has seen a wave of protests in recent weeks. Several hundred people took to the streets on May 3 and May 4, carrying placards and demanding a multi-party election. A protest planned for May 9 led to the military government suspending all political activities in the country. Several pro-democracy activists have since gone missing, sparking fears of a wider repression of dissent. In a statement last week, Human Rights Watch (HRW) said that two opposition leaders had gone missing, suggesting they may have been 'forcibly disappeared'. The watchdog said one opposition leader was taken by 'masked gunmen claiming to be gendarmes' on May 8 and another was taken on the same day by 'unidentified men' outside Bamako. Both leaders had been part of the protests on May 3. DW
TimesLIVE
14-05-2025
- Politics
- TimesLIVE
Mali's military rulers formally dissolve political parties
Mali's military government announced on Tuesday that it had dissolved all political parties, approving a recommendation publicised last month that spurred unprecedented protests in the capital, Bamako. A statement read on state television said the decision had been validated by military leader Assimi Goita, who seized power in the West African country after coups in 2020 and 2021. Last month a national conference of political actors in Mali recommended naming Goita as president with a five-year mandate as well as dissolving the parties. In protests in Bamako on May 3 and May 4, several hundred critics carried placards displaying messages calling for multi-party elections and chanted slogans such as: "Down with dictatorship, long live democracy." The junta originally committed to holding elections in February 2022. Ahead of another planned protest on May 9, Mali suspended political activities across the country, forcing the opposition parties to call off their gathering.
Japan Today
13-05-2025
- Politics
- Japan Today
Mali's leader dissolves political parties and bans meetings of their members
By BABA AHMED The president of Mali's transitional government signed a decree Tuesday dissolving political parties amid a backdrop of pro-democracy opposition, a minister in the government announced. The decision by Gen. Assimi Goita comes amid a surge in kidnappings of pro-democracy activists in the capital Bamako and just days after a demonstration by several hundred pro-democracy activists. 'Political parties and organizations of a political nature are dissolved throughout the national territory,' announced Mamani Nassire, the minister delegate to the prime minister in charge of political reforms and support for the electoral process. Nassire was reading from a decree signed by Goita on national TV. The decree was announced after an extraordinary council of ministers meeting Tuesday. The decree reads: 'It is forbidden for members of dissolved political parties and political organizations to hold any meetings.' For almost two weeks, political parties and pro-democracy activists have been demonstrating against the military government to prevent the signing of the decree. However, on Monday, the National Transition Council, Mali's transitional legislative body, voted in favor of the decree, which was adopted by the Council of Ministers last week. 'This decision deals a severe blow to the reconciliation process that began last year,' wrote Mali's former prime minister, Moussa Mara, on his X account. Mali has been under military rule since a 2021 coup d'état led by Goita. In recent days, arrests of pro-democracy activists have multiplied in response to demonstrations. However, some political figures are planning to appeal to the Constitutional Court to overturn the transition chief's decision. 'Political parties are recognized by the Malian constitution, so we're going to take our case to the Constitutional Court to ensure our rights are upheld. In the meantime, we're going to continue our fight as a civil society and as citizens of this country for the country to run smoothly,' said Nouhoum Togo, president of the Union for the Safeguard of the Republic party, which ceased to exist after the law dissolving political parties. © Copyright 2025 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission.
Yahoo
13-05-2025
- Politics
- Yahoo
Mali's leader dissolves political parties and bans meetings of their members
BAMAKO, Mali (AP) — The president of Mali's transitional government signed a decree Tuesday dissolving political parties amid a backdrop of pro-democracy opposition, a minister in the government announced. The decision by Gen. Assimi Goita comes amid a surge in kidnappings of pro-democracy activists in the capital Bamako and just days after a demonstration by several hundred pro-democracy activists. 'Political parties and organizations of a political nature are dissolved throughout the national territory,' announced Mamani Nassire, the minister delegate to the prime minister in charge of political reforms and support for the electoral process. Nassire was reading from a decree signed by Goita on national TV. The decree was announced after an extraordinary council of ministers meeting Tuesday. The decree reads: 'It is forbidden for members of dissolved political parties and political organizations to hold any meetings.' For almost two weeks, political parties and pro-democracy activists have been demonstrating against the military government to prevent the signing of the decree. However, on Monday, the National Transition Council, Mali's transitional legislative body, voted in favor of the decree, which was adopted by the Council of Ministers last week. 'This decision deals a severe blow to the reconciliation process that began last year,' wrote Mali's former prime minister, Moussa Mara, on his X account. Mali has been under military rule since a 2021 coup d'état led by Goita. In recent days, arrests of pro-democracy activists have multiplied in response to demonstrations. However, some political figures are planning to appeal to the Constitutional Court to overturn the transition chief's decision. 'Political parties are recognized by the Malian constitution, so we're going to take our case to the Constitutional Court to ensure our rights are upheld. In the meantime, we're going to continue our fight as a civil society and as citizens of this country for the country to run smoothly,' said Nouhoum Togo, president of the Union for the Safeguard of the Republic party, which ceased to exist after the law dissolving political parties.
