Latest news with #MathematicsOlympiad
The Herald
01-08-2025
- Science
- The Herald
SA's International Mathematics Olympiad winners — it all adds up
If there was one picture that drove Black Twitter nuts last week it was a photo showing seven high school pupils holding up SA's flag after a 'record-breaking performance' at the International Mathematics Olympiad in Australia (July 10-20). One silver medal, four bronze medals, and an impressive 38th position out of 110 participating countries. Why the furore? Not one of the seven looked phenotypically black African. Three Asian-looking students. Three probably white. And one undecided but certainly not dark-skinned African. 'You can see it was not a dancing competition,' sniped a commentator on X. 'There's a big elephant in the room,' sighed another. 'Colonisation did a serious number in Africa,' unleashed a popular posting, taking us way back. 'I didn't sight a single native South African in the image,' observed one with jaundiced eyesight. So, let's first get the racists out of the debate. If based on a sample of seven, you believe that white or Chinese South Africans, for example, are more intelligent in mathematics (or any other field of human achievement) than black citizens, then stop reading this column for I have nothing to say to you. If, on the other hand, you believe these young achievers are less African/South African than dark-skinned people, then please find another place to ply your narrow-mindedness. Now for the facts. Yes, the history of colonialism and apartheid explain the gross inequalities that still bedevil education but it's been 30 years and that cannot be the whole explanation. Blacks are high achievers in virtually every field of human endeavour, from athletics (we now dominate sprints in junior and senior track), to producing world-class opera singers of which the unbelievable Pretty Yende is only one example, and we led from the global south in fields such as infectious diseases and vaccine science, having discovered, among other breakthroughs, the omicron variant. Nor does the snapshot of one year's top performers represent the whole picture when it comes to race and mathematics. There was a Nkonyane in 2023, a Kasi in 2021, a Bopape in 2019 and so on. Girls, boys, black, white, English, Indian, Afrikaans in recent years. Still, in a country that is more than 90% black, why so few from among the majority? Pure and simple. It is the choices we make. The more I studied the performance of this select group of young people, the more I realised what incredible hard work lay behind their performance. They spent many months in training preparation. There were camps over a period of a year. They started way back with a commitment to mathematics that involved parents, teachers and professionals travelling around to other countries, including Botswana, where the Pan-African Mathematics Olympiad was held in June. The head of the SA Mathematics Foundation, Prof Seithuthi Moshokoa, makes the salient point: 'Mathematical excellence is built over years of dedication, curiosity, and rigorous training.' We have the only rugby team on the planet that won three world championships with our most diverse sporting team with black stars in every position. Why? Because there are multiple, reinforcing structures from preschool through schools and clubs that from a broad base of participation choose the best among them to represent SA. Let me be clear, until there is a Craven Week for mathematics, don't expect the representation of Olympiad teams to change any time soon. Forget [Hendrik] Verwoerd for a moment: what choices have post-apartheid education policymakers made to undermine black achievement in mathematics? We brought in a subject called mathematical literacy to boost achievement with an increasingly small pool of pure maths pupils. We use the lowest of pass rates (30%) and proudly declare with great festivity that our children are doing well in mathematics and other subjects. Teachers even tell children in grade 12 to choose 'the low hanging fruits,' the simplest questions, just to get them over the pass line. In Singapore, China, Japan, Norway, Finland and Korea, they would find such behaviour in policy and practice to be extreme, if not weird. While those countries bring in AI tools to boost elementary school mathematics in the 21st century, our schools struggle to find competent maths teachers for work in overcrowded classrooms. Where other countries invest in the potential of all their children to do mathematics, our policymakers, planners and practitioners seem to collude in sending messages that pure maths is for the smart kids and the rest do its 'literacy' equivalent. We made those choices. Accept responsibility. Stop blaming the past alone. To the seven children in those math Olympiad photos, I have a message for you: Well done. SA is proud of you.
The Guardian
19-07-2025
- Politics
- The Guardian
Can a common denominator unite warring contestant nations at the International Mathematics Olympiad?
A resounding cheer erupted when on Monday three Palestinian teenagers shuffled on to the stage of a convention centre tucked away behind the golden beaches of Australia's Sunshine Coast. All of them from the West Bank, they were only half of a team able to attend the International Mathematics Olympiad, a gathering of the world's brightest young mathematical minds, where medals can offer tickets to any university in the world and launch brilliant careers. Two of their compatriots from war-ravaged Gaza could not make the journey to Australia and would instead attempt to compete remotely. But this was a marked improvement from last year's event in England, for which no Palestinian could secure a visa in time. Yet this heartfelt moment at the 66th IMO opening ceremony was followed by one that hinted at the deep divisions – driven by geopolitics and global conflict – which had played out behind closed doors just the day before and which threatened to unravel the oldest and most prestigious competition of young mathematicians. Sign up for Guardian Australia's breaking news email The students in the room did not know it, but a jury of delegates from the 114 nations gathered had, the day prior, voted as of the conclusion of the event to lift a suspension applied to Russia's membership after its 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The Ukrainian leaders were distraught, the Estonians and other Baltic nations among the outraged. Their talk had already turned to boycott. Even in the midst of Russia's full-scale invasion, Ukraine boasts an astonishing mathematical achievement. The year the war began, in 2022, Russia was suspended from the IMO and Ukrainian IMO students were evacuated. One among them from war-torn Kharkiv, Ihor Pylaiev, won his second gold medal – with a perfect score and a joint top-ranked position in the world. A number of his compatriots also medalled and, after this achievement, would earn scholarships at Cambridge. Kyiv was supposed to host last year's maths olympiad. IMO Ukraine team leader Bogdan Rublev said in his country, 'the IMO is a very important event'. Even as war raged, the Ukrainians remained optimistic that the violence would end and they could host the IMO as planned. But, those hopes were officially dashed when Bath was named Kyiv's replacement. 'It broke our hearts,' Rublev said. 'We had worked hard to prepare and we were excited to welcome the world to our country.' Fellow Ukrainian representative Anastasiia Venchkovska, who was translating for Rublev on the Sunshine Coast, said Russia's IMO suspension was 'not just about mathematics'. 'Russia is not just a country at war, it is a state that systemically targets education, culture and children,' Venchkovska said. 'That is terrorism.' 'A country that destroys Ukrainian schools and universities should not sit at the same table as those against whom it commits genocide every day.' The opening ceremony at the Twin Waters Novotel Resort on Monday was well intentioned and, otherwise, good fun. The parade of nations, each with teams of up to six high school students, was determined by the distance each had travelled to compete. In a room full of sharp minds, it was a bit of sport to guess at the order by which teams would take to the stage and pose for the cameras. The Moroccans (17,934km) surprised many by being called up first, each in flowing white robes beneath a red fez, before making way for the Portuguese (17,887km), who bounded and hooted up the stairs to form a mini-pyramid. The Norwegians (15,333km) wore black suits, ties and sunglasses inside, the Peruvians (13,117km) football-style red and white trackies. The Iraqis (13,240km) chanted 'Lions of Mesopotamia!', the Aussies (1,030km) 'Oi, Oi, Oi!' The three young Palestinians (14,044km), however, made no spectacle, each briefly clutching their national flag. Their faces betrayed little emotion. They didn't have to – everyone in the room understood how much it meant to stand on that stage, knew the life-changing opportunity that platform might provide. 'It was very beautiful,' Palestine team leader Samed AlHajajla said. 'The happiness is not complete, it was sad that we couldn't have all the children.' 'But at least it is good to have half of the team here in person.' Though few picked who would open the parade, it didn't take a genius to guess who would follow the Palestinians. Six young Israelis (14,040km) came smiling on stage, playfully brandishing soft toy otters, the team's mascot, and two Star of David flags. The cheers and applause fell to a smatter. One or two muttered boos. Had an effort to suspend Israel's IMO membership on Sunday been successful, this moment might never have transpired. These six young people could still have competed – but remotely. The Israeli flag, like the Russian, would not have flown on the Sunshine Coast, nor next year at Shanghai. Instead, the opposite will happen. Sign up to Breaking News Australia Get the most important news as it breaks after newsletter promotion The IMO is a tightly choreographed and controlled event: team leaders set the exam questions and so have to be quarantined from their students to prevent cheating. Before being whisked away to the leaders' site at a resort in Noosa, IMO board president Gregor Dolinar briefly answered questions about the jury meeting which resolved to lift Russia's suspension. He described it as a 'long and constructive' discussion from which the main message was that 'we want to stay out of politics as much as possible'. 'We exchanged our views and we said that our primary goal is to enable as many kids from all around the world to come to the same place and to give them this opportunity to show their talent,' Dolinar said. 'So mathematics is our primary goal – if we will start to be involved in politics, we do not know where to draw the line'. The jury meeting began with AlHajajla and lasted several hours. The Palestinian team leader spoke with passion about the ordeal of his country's representatives, in particular those trapped amid the horrors of Gaza. Other nations, particularly those from the global south, agreed and spoke in support of the Palestinian motion to suspend Israel. Dolinar made several arguments as to why the IMO should remain, nonpolitical. Among them was that being political was bad for business. The sponsors that the non-profit organisation needed to finance such a logistically complicated event, he warned, did not want to deal with politically motivated organisations. The IMO board put forward its own motion which proposed that measures only be taken against a member for breaking IMO regulations – for widespread cheating, say. All current suspensions – only Russia – would expire at the end of the Australian event. This caught many by surprise – restoring Russia's membership was not in the agenda. But the motion passed with a secret ballot of 62 in favour to 23 against, with six abstentions. Israeli team leader Dan Carmon said it was 'the right choice for the IMO at this time', adding that the organisation – which is run by volunteers – spent a lot of time in the lead up to the event discussing its stance on political matters. 'I think it will be much better for the IMO, and the fostering of young minds everywhere, that we are now focusing on inclusivity instead of excluding students and countries,' Carmon said. 'I think that is a much better direction for the IMO to go in order to promote the love of mathematics in the world and promote brotherhood between nations.' Far from brotherhood – for Rublev, Venchkovska and the Ukrainians – even sharing a stage with the Russian flag was 'impossible and unacceptable'. 'We came here not only to compete but to remind the world that, behind every problem we solve on paper, there is a much bigger problem we are living through in reality,' they said. 'We ask the international community to stay consistent, to stay principled and to stand with Ukraine'. Estonian team leader Oleg Košik said his was among the Baltic nations who made clear in 2022 that they would do so 'We see the continuous barbaric aggression of Russia against Ukraine,' Košik said. 'The constant bombings of cities, innocent civilians being killed every night. If the IMO will say now, 'OK, this is fine, we don't care about it' – what message does it send to the whole world?'
News24
20-06-2025
- Science
- News24
SA's brightest minds bring home gold medals from Pan African Mathematics Olympiad
The Olympiad is more than a competition, it's an opportunity to grow through mathematics. Maths trains pupils with problem-solving skills to boost the country's economy. The SA Mathematics Foundation said the pupils' commitment embodies their goal to strengthen maths education. South Africa has emerged as the most accomplished nation at this year's Pan African Mathematics Olympiad (Pamo) held at the University of Botswana. The Olympiad ran from 8 to 18 June. The six-member team that attended the Olympiad delivered an outstanding performance, bagging six medals – one for each participant. The annual event has been held since 1987. It falls under the auspices of the African Mathematical Union. This year's Olympiad brought together the brightest young minds, who were challenged to solve six complex problems across four mathematical disciplines – algebra, geometry, number theory and combinatorics. Professor Seithuthi Moshokoa, the executive director of the SA Mathematics Foundation (SAMF), told City Press: Olympiad mathematics is designed to challenge how one approaches problem-solving and analytical thinking. It is different from the mathematics taught at schools. Professor Seithuthi Moshokoa In the search for the thought-provoking problems, El Manar, the associate professor of mathematics at the University of Tunis, and Professor Karam Aloui, the executive secretary of the Pamo committee, said the problems committee compiled a list of potential mathematical problems, from which a jury shortlisted 12. 'The supervising committee selected the final six problems, ensuring that each covered key areas of pre-university mathematics without adhering to a fixed syllabus. This aims to challenge creativity and rigorous reasoning in equal measure,' Aloui explained. The medals were awarded in a 1:2:3 ratio for gold, silver and bronze and the leading female scorer received the title African Mathematics Queen. Team SA led in the competition and secured medals for their exceptional performance, as Erik Senekal, a Grade 11 pupil at Hoërskool Menlopark, James Prins (Grade 12, SA College High School) and Noah Greenblatt (Grade 11, King David High School) were awarded gold medals. Silver was bagged by Olivia Castleden (Grade 9, Somerset College) and Ruth Trimble (Grade 11, Pinelands High School), while WanRu Zhou (Grade 11, Parklands College) earned a bronze medal. Countries were ranked by the combined scores of their six contestants. SA claimed the top spot, followed by Tunisia and Ivory Coast, in second and third place, respectively. I am very proud of Team SA's achievements. Their dedication, resilience and innovative thinking exemplify our mission to nurture mathematical talent and empower our educators and learners. Moshokoa Senekal said writing the maths Olympiad was not just to compete, but a chance to learn and grow through the process. 'I have been someone who likes to be challenged. Someone who likes to solve problems and find solutions. This is why I have participated in mathematical Olympiads every year since Grade 1. Always see an opportunity to learn – approach each problem as a chance to discover something new.' Greenblatt said he was inspired to compete in the Olympiad because of his interest in mathematics from a young age. He also wanted to extend himself in every way he could. Enjoying this exploration was not only fulfilling but also strengthened my creativity and problem-solving ability. Overall, it was in striving to grow my talents and interest. According to Moshokoa, the pupils, coaches and mentors, teachers and parents all contributed to the team's success. The pupils worked incredibly hard to get this far, and SAMF is delighted that their hard work paid off. Moshokoa He said that the preparation for international mathematics competitions in SA started in primary school. SAMF programmes linked to international participation for high school pupils SA Mathematics Challenge for primary school pupils Old Mutual SA Mathematics Olympiad (Samo) Mathematics Problem-Solving course for primary and high school teachers Samo Olympiad Training Programme 'Teachers are trained to prepare pupils for Olympiad mathematics from an early age and each year more than 200 000 primary and high school pupils enter the first round, with only the top few advancing to the finals. Most international candidates have been doing advanced maths since primary school. 'Once the top 200 primary school pupils reach high school, they are often invited by SAMF to participate in the Samo Olympiad Training Programme. This programme consists of two training camps per year, as well as 11 weeks of intense training,' Moshokoa said. He added that the selection of international participation was based on their academic performance in the programme. Moshokoa emphasised that mathematics Olympiads and similar advanced mathematics competitions played a crucial role for individuals and the country. They prepared pupils to contribute to the country's economy through advanced problem-solving and analytical skills.
The Citizen
18-06-2025
- Science
- The Citizen
SA pupils grab first place at Pan African Mathematics Olympiad
Members of South Africa's team also claimed claimed top individual medals at the maths olympiad. South Africa's team of six pupils impressed at the Pan African Mathematics Olympiad (PAMO) this year. The event was hosted by the Mathematical Association of Botswana at the University of Botswana. The South African team claimed top individual medals and the overall first-place. This year's competition focused on testing the young minds across six problems. These included algebra, geometry, number theory and combinatorics. SA bags gold, silver and bronze at maths olympiad Countries were ranked by the combined scores of their six contestants. South Africa claimed first place, followed by Tunisia and Côte d'Ivoire. Team South Africa excelled with three gold medalists. They were Erik Senekal (Grade 11, Hoërskool Menlopark), James Prins (Grade 12, South African College High School) and Noah Greenblatt (Grade 11, King David High School). Silver medals were claimed by Olivia Castleden (Grade 9, Somerset College) and Ruth Trimble (Grade 11, Pinelands High School), while WanRu Zhou (Grade 11, Parklands College) took home bonze. In the Girls' Division of the Math Olympiad, Ruth Trimble earned gold. Olivia Castleden took silver and WanRu Zhou got bronze. Prof Seithuthi Moshokoa, Executive Director of the South African Mathematics Foundation, said: 'I am very proud of Team South Africa's achievements. Their dedication, resilience and innovative thinking exemplify our mission to nurture mathematical talent and empower our educators and learners.' ALSO READ: Not adding up: More than 400 schools don't teach Mathematics How it works The award ceremony on 17 June was opened by Professor Karam Aloui, the Associate Professor of Mathematics at the University of Tunis EI Manar and Executive Secretary of the PAMO committee. 'Our aim is to challenge creativity and rigorous reasoning in equal measure,' Prof Aloui said. Wise words from the winning team Three members of the South African team shared encouraging advice to students who want to take part in the Mathematics Olympiad. Olivia Castleden: 'To people who want to participate in the maths olympiad, I suggest that they just go for it. By just writing the first round, they have already gained valuable experience, even if they don't progress to the next round.' Erik Senekal: 'Always see an opportunity to learn – approach each problem as a chance to discover something new. Write the math olympiad not just to compete, but also to learn and grow through the process.' Noah Greenblatt: 'Curiosity can be very powerful. I encourage young learners to explore ideas and concepts in which they show interest to the fullest extent. Enjoying this exploration is not only fulfilling but can also strengthen creativity and problem-solving ability. Additionally, there is truly no substitute for hard work when it comes to improvement.'
The Guardian
06-06-2025
- Politics
- The Guardian
The longest division: can Palestinian and Israeli students compete at the International Maths Olympiad?
For six Palestinian teenagers, it could be a 'life-changing opportunity'. The youngsters have been selected for the International Mathematics Olympiad, to be held on Australia's Sunshine Coast in July, but it is unclear whether they will be able to leave Gaza and the West Bank to take part. At the same time the IMO faces calls to suspend Israel's membership and allow its students to compete solely as private entrants. National teams around the world are in training camps for the trip to Australia, being coached by academics as they prepare to compete for medals – and the ticket such prizes offer to just about any university in the world. The Palestine team leader, Samed AlHajajla, says the IMO should be the start of a journey towards a glittering career. 'Having a mind to solve these problems is incredibly rare,' AlHajajla says. 'They are the best in Palestine, they are the top students. Being an IMO competitor, it takes a lot of hard work and talent and gifts and, for them [in training for the IMO] they can exercise that, they can exercise some freedom inside the prison which is Gaza. 'For them [it should be] a life-changing opportunity where they can taste freedom for the first time.' The problem facing AlHajajla and his young Palestinians is logistical and political. Last year, four Palestinians – two from Gaza and two from the West Bank – were selected for the 2024 IMO in Bath, England, but were unable to take part. The closure of the Rafah crossing meant those in Gaza could not leave. Visas and passports for those in the West Bank were approved by British and Israeli authorities, but did not arrive in time. A spokesperson for the Israeli embassy in Australia says they are 'not aware of any evidence that Israel delayed or refused visas for the Palestinian team at the last IMO, nor do we have information suggesting this will occur now'. Mike Clapper is the interim chief executive of the Australian Mathematics Trust, which is organising the Sunshine Coast event. He says it is 'very much our hope' that the Palestinian team will be able to come in person. 'We are exploring all the avenues that we can to try to make it possible for the Palestinians to participate,' he says. Whether Palestinians can compete is only one part of the IMO's problem. The other is whether Israelis should be allowed to do so. On 6 May a letter signed by more than 700 mathematicians was issued to the IMO under the heading 'Mathematics and Moral Responsibility: the IMO and the Genocide in Gaza'. The letter calls on the IMO to do as it did when it suspended Russia's membership after the 2022 invasion of Ukraine – while allowing its six students to compete remotely as private individuals. Russia remains suspended. Signatories come from a diverse range of countries, universities and career stages: from Australia to Morocco to Switzerland; from Oxford to Stanford to the University of Carthage; from PhD researchers to associate professors to three winners of the Fields medal – the award often referred to as the Nobel prize of maths. The letter – seen by Guardian Australia – has not been published, to protect signatories from harassment. Among them is an Israeli, a former IMO medallist, who asked for their name to be withheld. 'I needed to think about it for a second because of the potential danger,' they say. 'If I would tell this to random people in the street it would be, I would not say controversial, it would be considered a clearcut treasonous thing to do.' But, they say: 'We see what is happening in Gaza: there's war crimes, there's starvation, the genocide. For me it is clearcut. It is the moral thing – it is the obligatory thing to do in this situation.' They hope the suspension of Israel would be a symbolic act that would help 'put a mirror in the face of the Israeli nation'and cause their compatriots to reflect on 'what direction this country is going'. The Israeli embassy in Canberra flatly rejected the call. 'The embassy strongly opposes any call to suspend Israel's IMO membership or to boycott its students,' its spokesperson said. 'Mathematics must remain apolitical and inclusive.' The Israeli signatory, like so many young mathematicians, says competing at the IMO was a 'transformative experience'. The first signatory of the letter is the research director at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, Ahmed Abbes. The son of a Tunisian high school maths teacher, he recalls the IMO as his 'making as a mathematician'. Abbes won a bronze medal at his first IMO in Canberra in 1988. The following year in Braunschweig, Germany, he won silver, rubbing shoulders and making lifelong connections with teenagers who would go on to become some of the world's most influential people. Ranked No 1 in the world in 1988, for the second year running, was Nicuşor Dan, who won a second consecutive gold medal with his second perfect score. In May, he emerged from Romania's political crisis as its new president. At that same IMO the Australian prime minister, Bob Hawke, presented a gold medal to an even younger prodigy, a 12-year-old Australian called Terence Tao. Tao remains the youngest ever IMO gold medallist and is now regarded by many as the greatest living mathematician. A more recent example of the IMO's power to transform lives is Ihor Pylaiev. Pylaiev was plucked from war-ravaged Kharkiv in 2022 after Russia's invasion of Ukraine to continue his studies in Paris. He won his second gold medal in Oslo, this time with a perfect score and the top world ranking. He is now studying at Cambridge on a scholarship with colleagues from the Ukrainian IMO team. Abbes, who led efforts to support Pylaiev and the Ukrainian students, says the mathematical community's response to the Russian invasion is another chapter in its proud history of standing up for human rights. 'When you accept that there are universal values, you just apply them, like you apply a mathematical theorem,' Abbes says. 'When you see clearly the double standard [in not applying the same lens to Israel], as a mathematician you cannot accept this.' The president of the IMO board, Gregor Dolinar, denies accusations of double standards. Since assuming the presidency in 2023, the Slovenian professor has overseen the incorporation of the IMO as an association, based in the Netherlands. 'I wanted to make things more formal, more professional,' Dolinar says. 'Now we have set up a government structure properly.' Dolinar says it is his 'strong belief' that important decisions such as suspending nations should be made not by his board, but by the IMO jury, which includes representatives from more than 100 states and territories. The jury, he says, will meet at the Sunshine Coast in July and could make the decision to suspend Israel then. 'Our primary goal is just focusing on [developing] young minds and, based on a very long tradition, doing a nice event,' Dolinar says. 'We really do want to avoid any political issues. We really do want to be apolitical. 'Our primary goal is to enable as many kids as possible to participate at the IMO.'
