Latest news with #microbialcommunities
Emirates 24/7
01-08-2025
- Science
- Emirates 24/7
Scientific study reveals promising prospects for sustainable agriculture in UAE
A scientific study conducted by researchers at the American University of Sharjah (AUS), in collaboration with international scientific institutions, and published in the prestigious journal Science, has revealed promising results that could mark a qualitative shift in sustainable agriculture in desert environments, by leveraging microbial communities found deep within arid soils. The study showed that biological interactions between plant roots and surrounding microbes play a pivotal role in enhancing soil fertility and boosting crop resilience to harsh climatic conditions—opening new horizons for agricultural development in dry regions such as the UAE. Dr. John Klironomos, Professor of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences and Associate Dean for Research and Innovation at the College of Arts and Sciences at the American University of Sharjah, stated, 'Managing the relationship between plants and microbes with scientific precision represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of soil and how to harness it for sustainable agriculture, especially in climatically challenging environments.' The study focused on the concept of 'plant–soil feedback,' which highlights how plants contribute to shaping microbial communities within the soil, which in turn impact the plants' ability to absorb nutrients and water. The success of this complex ecosystem depends on how it is managed scientifically, which can either enhance or hinder agricultural productivity. AUS is currently applying this model through field experiments on local crops such as wheat and date palms, using microbial inoculants and natural biostimulants aimed at increasing plant resistance to heat and salinity. To support these efforts, the university launched the 'Sharjah Sustainable Agriculture Research Group' in collaboration with local researchers and experts, with the aim of advancing studies related to soil rehabilitation and promoting environmental agriculture in the UAE and the region. Dr. Junling Zhang, from China Agricultural University and one of the study's co-authors, said, 'Microbial life represents an underutilised resource. When we understand and enhance its mechanisms, we can bring about a major transformation in agriculture, making it more aligned with natural ecosystems.' The study also pointed to the importance of adopting traditional agricultural practices, such as crop rotation, intercropping, and minimal tillage, which contribute to enhancing soil microbiota when applied based on scientific principles. The study concluded that soil is no longer merely a passive medium for planting, but rather a living system that can be scientifically harnessed to support food security and address climate change—through agricultural practices that prioritise soil sustainability and biodiversity protection. The study was published under the title 'Steering Plant-Soil Feedback for Sustainable Agriculture" in the July 2025 issue of Science.
Al Bawaba
31-07-2025
- Science
- Al Bawaba
Farming the unfarmable: How microbes are reviving life in desert soils, research shows new hope for arid agriculture
In dry, degraded soil, it's easy to assume life has gone quiet. But underground, a different story unfolds—one of continuous exchange between plant roots and microbial communities that shape each other in subtle but powerful ways. A new paper, co-authored by researchers from American University of Sharjah (AUS) and published in Science, one of the world's most prestigious scientific journals, explores this relationship and proposes a new model for sustainable agriculture—one rooted in ecology and informed by decades of review was developed through a year-long collaboration between five scientists: Dr. John Klironomos, Professor in Biology Chemistry and Environmental Sciences and Associate Dean for Research and Innovation at the AUS College of Arts and Sciences, Professors Guangzhou Wang, Fusuo Zhang and Junling Zhang from China Agricultural University; and Professor Wim van der Putten from the Netherlands Institute of Ecology and Wageningen focus is on plant—soil feedback: the concept that plants shape the microbial makeup of the soil through their roots and chemical signals, while these microbes, in turn, influence plants' access to nutrients, water and protection from disease. These feedback loops, depending on how they are managed, can either weaken or strengthen a crop regions like the UAE, where farming is challenged by salinity, limited organic matter and scarce freshwater, this model offers a path forward. At AUS, Dr. Klironomos and his team are already putting the concepts into action. Field trials are underway with microbial inoculants—beneficial bacteria or fungi added to the soil to boost plant health—and biostimulants, natural substances that help plants grow better and cope with stress like heat or poor soil. Desert crops such as wheat and date palms are tested to measure how they perform under extreme soil conditions when supported by the right microbial partners.'Plants and microbes have always influenced each other,' said Dr. Klironomos. 'The key is managing those interactions with purpose, especially in environments where every biological advantage matters. This work helps shift the focus from short-term yield to long-term soil function.'The paper also revisits traditional farming strategies—including crop rotation, intercropping and minimum tillage—not as legacy techniques but as ecologically informed methods to support soil biology. When implemented with awareness of microbial systems, these approaches can restore fertility, reduce input dependency and help create more stable growing conditions over time.'Microbial life is one of agriculture's most overlooked tools,' said co-author Professor Junling Zhang. 'When we support the living processes in soil, we create systems that are more sustainable, more adaptive and better aligned with how ecosystems naturally function.'Alongside ecological practice, the review points to advances in plant science. By identifying the genes and molecular signals involved in root-microbe communication, researchers are now exploring breeding strategies to develop crop varieties that interact more effectively with soil microbiomes, an emerging direction that bridges molecular biology and further localize and scale this work, AUS and regional partners have launched the Sharjah Sustainable Agriculture Research Group. The group brings together Professors from AUS including: Dr. Klironomos; Dr. Mohamed Abouleish, Professor in Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences; and Dr. Tarig Ali, Professor in Civil Engineering; as well as Dr. Ali El-Keblawy from the University of Sharjah. Their combined expertise spans soil ecology, spatial analysis, sustainability science and native plant conservation and biotechnology—all directed toward restoring the biological function of arid the research is a deeper shift in mindset: soil is not a neutral background—it is alive. It breathes, it evolves and it responds to how we manage it. By treating it as a living system, the researchers argue, agriculture can move toward solutions that support not only food production but also climate resilience, biodiversity and sustainable land use. The paper, 'Steering Plant–Soil Feedback for Sustainable Agriculture,' appears in the July 2025 issue of Science. Click here to view it.
