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Reuters
17 minutes ago
- Reuters
Japan manufacturers' sentiment rises in August after US trade deal, but tariffs cloud outlook: Reuters Tankan poll
TOKYO, Aug 13 (Reuters) - Japanese manufacturers grew more confident about business conditions in August after a trade agreement between Tokyo and Washington, but remained cautious about the outlook due to potential U.S. tariff impacts, a Reuters Tankan poll showed. The monthly poll, which tracks the Bank of Japan's quarterly tankan business survey, showed the manufacturers' sentiment index rising to plus 9 in August from plus 7 in July, marking a second straight month of improvement. But the index is projected to decline to plus 4 over the next three months, signalling that manufacturers remain guarded about how the U.S. tariffs would impact their businesses. The poll, conducted between July 30 and August 8, surveyed 497 major non-financial companies, with 241 responding on condition of anonymity. Last month, Japan secured a trade deal with the U.S. that lowers tariffs on cars and other goods to 15% in exchange for a U.S.-bound $550 billion Japanese investment package that will come in the form of equity, loans and guarantees. Among manufacturers, the sentiment index for the transport machinery sector, which includes Japan's vital auto industry, surged to plus 25 in August from plus 9 in July. However, it is projected to slip back to plus 9 in November. "The business outlook remains uncertain as the U.S. tariff policies are forcing the entire automobile industry to overhaul its production plans," an auto industry manager wrote in the survey. Another manager from the sector cited slowing sales of Japanese cars in China, in addition to the U.S. tariffs, as a source of concern. The food industry saw the sharpest decline among all sectors, with its sentiment index falling to minus 25 from zero, with some managers pointing to persistent surges in ingredient and material costs. For non-manufacturers, the business sentiment index fell to plus 24 in August from plus 30 in July, its first decline in five months. Companies expect a slight rebound to plus 25 in the next three months. Real estate and construction firms, as well as retail firms, reported declines in their respective indexes, though they remained in positive territory, signalling that optimists outnumber pessimists. Some managers at retail firms cited a drop in store visitors, while a services firm manager said heatwaves were affecting business.
Reuters
17 minutes ago
- Reuters
China's fight against price wars is an uphill battle
HONG KONG, August 13 (Reuters) - Overcapacity has made its way into China's domestic market, with price wars leading to collapsing profitability and accelerating deflation. The government has responded by launching a so-called 'anti-involution' program to combat deflationary price wars. It's had some early wins, but this could be a lengthy battle. The Chinese internet slang for 'involution' originally referred to competitive pressures faced by young Chinese in education and the workplace. Since early 2024, however, the word has come to describe supposedly excessive, unsustainable competition among Chinese firms, where more resources are being invested without increasing higher returns. The Chinese government began to highlight the economic dangers of involution as early as June 2024, opens new tab in the face of declining corporate margins and profitability across diverse sectors such as electric vehicles, solar panels, lithium batteries, steel, cement and food delivery. Critiques of "excessive" competition grew much louder in the first half of 2025 as several price wars escalated. In particular, EV leader BYD( opens new tab started sharply cutting prices, and food delivery giant Meituan ( opens new tab and new ecommerce platform opens new tab began offering discounts and subsidies. Increased competition in China also appears to be amplifying deflationary pressures. While China's Producer Price Index (PPI) has been in negative territory for much of the last three years, hopes of escaping this morass were ignited in mid-2024 as domestic demand appeared to be recovering. However, that optimism was doused this year as price wars intensified, with PPI falling by 3.6% year-on-year in the most recent report. China's government, recognising that industrial overcapacity is a potential danger to the domestic economy, launched a multi-pronged anti-involution campaign in July. The program seeks to channel investment funds to advanced manufacturing, control production in highly competitive industries like steel, oversee pricing and subsidies in EVs and food delivery, and continue phasing out obsolete industrial capacity. It's early days, but some nascent impacts are visible. Carmakers' average price discount declined in July, and Meituan, and Alibaba ( opens new tab recently agreed to end aggressive discounting in food delivery and promote "fair competition". Industry consolidation has accelerated as well. Polysilicon manufacturers are discussing the creation of a $7 billion fund to acquire and shut down almost one-third of their production capacity and restructure part of the loss-making sector. Additionally, the country's largest coal miner, China Shenhua Energy ( opens new tab , stated its intention to acquire various assets from the subsidiaries of its controlling shareholder to improve operational efficiency. China's anti-involution program faces myriad hurdles, however. For one, most of the targets of the anti-involution program are in the private sector, which means they will be making voluntary pledges to maintain pricing discipline and thus could revert to aggressive tactics in the face of market pressure. Importantly, Beijing's previous supply-side structural reforms from 2015-17 reduced excess capacity among state-owned firms, over which Beijing, by definition, had much more control. Moreover, many of China's local governments are highly indebted and may prioritise short-term revenue generation over long-term reform, potentially offering subsidies to firms to attract investment even in industries targeted by the anti-involution campaign. Innovation in emerging technologies could also be a casualty if deterring overlapping investments hinders experimentation with different approaches. And tighter oversight on pricing and capacity could dampen private capital's investment enthusiasm overall. Finally, one of the biggest risks to the implementation of the program is the possibility of job losses as industries consolidate and become more inefficient. While China's youth unemployment rate has declined recently, it remains high and could increase over the next few months as over 12 million new university graduates join the workforce. And the private sector – the target of the anti-involution program – generates the vast majority of China's incremental employment. China's anti-involution efforts have had some success, but this will likely not be a short fight. First, to truly absorb excess capacity in various industries, Beijing will almost certainly have to stimulate domestic consumption more aggressively than it has in the past. Sentiment among Chinese consumers remains quite low, implying that the monetary and fiscal stimuli undertaken by China's government over the past year have had only a limited impact. The government could also consider more innovative, hitherto untested policies. For example, it could mandate superior product quality to weed out players who compete purely on cost to encourage industry consolidation. However, defining 'low quality' and enforcing standards would be challenging, and this strategy may be less effective in services industries. Another way to reduce the incentives for extreme competition would be encouraging collaboration between firms through technology sharing and mutual equity holdings. And the increased availability of patient long-term capital could obviate the need for companies to ramp up production and revenues rapidly. The anti-involution program marks a new phase of China's pursuit of high-quality development. Enforcing pricing discipline and market stability in furiously competitive industries will be no easy task. That means an updated playbook may be needed. (The views expressed here are those of Manishi Raychaudhuri, the founder and CEO of Emmer Capital Partners Ltd, and the former Head of Asia-Pacific Equity Research at BNP Paribas Securities). Enjoying this column? Check out Reuters Open Interest (ROI),, opens new tab your essential new source for global financial commentary. ROI delivers thought-provoking, data-driven analysis of everything from swap rates to soybeans. Markets are moving faster than ever. ROI,, opens new tab can help you keep up. Follow ROI on LinkedIn,, opens new tab and X., opens new tab
The Independent
an hour ago
- The Independent
Demand for power set to surge in the next 18 months. Here's what it could mean for your bill
U.S. consumers may see their energy bills continue to rise, following a surge in demand for power over the next 18 months. According to a new report from the Energy Information Administration, the demand is largely fueled by data centers – some of which power online use of AI. The EIA's Short-Term Energy Outlook, released Tuesday, forecasts an increase in U.S. annual electricity consumption in both 2025 and 2026, which will surpass the all-time high reached in 2024. 'We expect electricity sales to the commercial sector to rise by 3.0 percent in 2025 and 4.5 percent in 2026, driven largely by more demand from data centers,' the EIA forecast states. Electricity sales to industrial consumers, meanwhile, will rise by 2.0 percent in 2025 and 3.5 percent in 2026. The surges are likely to mean continuing increases in electricity bills across the country. The EIA analysis predicted that retail electricity prices for households will increase by 4 percent in 2025 when compared to 2024. However, the report also notes that this is not unusual, as prices have increased by about 5 percent on average each year since the pandemic. According to previous reports by the EIA, U.S. consumers spent an average of about $1,760 on electricity expenditures in 2023, with an increase of around 13 percent possible by 2026. At the time, the EIA noted that forecasts for retail electricity price increases differ across the country, with residential electricity prices in the Pacific, Middle Atlantic, and New England census divisions—regions where consumers already pay much more per kilowatt-hour for electricity— would likely increase more than the national average. By comparison, residential electricity prices in areas with relatively low electricity prices may not increase as much, the administration said. The figures are in contrast to previous energy use, which, according to the administration, was 'essentially flat for nearly two decades.'
