Trump's ‘big beautiful bill' includes these key tax changes for 2025 — what they mean for you
Meanwhile, several changes are effective for 2025, which will impact tax returns filed in 2026.
While the Trump administration has been promoting "working family tax cuts," the legislation's impact depends on your unique situation — and some updates are complex, experts say.
"There are just so many moving pieces," said certified financial planner Jim Guarino, managing director at Baker Newman Noyes in Woburn, Massachusetts. He is also a certified public accountant.
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Currently, many advisors are running projections — often for multiple years — to see how the new provisions could impact taxes.
Without income planning, you could reduce, or even eliminate, various tax benefits for which you are otherwise eligible, experts say.
When it comes to tax strategy, "you never want to do anything in a silo," Guarino said.
Here are some of the key changes from Trump's legislation to know for 2025, and how the updates could affect your taxes.
The Republicans' marquee law made permanent Trump's 2017 tax cuts — including lower tax brackets and higher standard deductions, among other provisions — which broadly reduced taxes for Americans.
Without the extension, most filers could have seen higher taxes in 2026, according to a 2024 report from the Tax Foundation. However, the new law enhances Trump's 2017 cuts, with a few tax breaks that start in 2025:
If you itemize tax breaks, there is also a temporary higher cap on the state and local tax deduction, or SALT. For 2025, the SALT deduction limit is $40,000, up from $10,000.
The higher SALT benefit phases out, or reduces, for incomes between $500,000 to $600,000, which can create an artificially higher tax rate of 45.5% that some experts are calling a "SALT torpedo."
This creates a "sweet spot" for the SALT deduction between $200,000 and $500,000 of earnings, based on other provisions in the bill, CPA John McCarthy wrote in a blog post this week.
Trump's tax and spending bill also introduced some temporary tax breaks, which are effective for 2025. Some of these were floated during his 2024 presidential campaign.These provisions include a $6,000 "bonus" deduction for certain older Americans ages 65 and over, which phases out over $75,000 for single filers or $150,000 for married couples filing jointly.
There are also new deductions for tip income, overtime earnings and car loan interest, with varying eligibility requirements.
This chart shows a breakdown of some of the key individual provisions that are effective for 2025 compared to previous law.
During the pandemic, Congress boosted the premium tax credit through 2025, which made Marketplace health insurance more affordable.
But Trump's legislation didn't extend the enhanced tax break, which could raise Affordable Care Act premiums for more than 22 million enrollees if no action is taken, according to KFF, a health policy organization.
That could impact enrollees when choosing ACA health plans this fall, according to Tommy Lucas, a CFP and enrolled agent at Moisand Fitzgerald Tamayo in Orlando, Florida.
Starting in 2026, enrollees need to prepare for the ACA subsidy cliff, where enrollees lose the premium tax credit when income exceeds the earnings thresholds by even $1, he said.
Currently, most ACA enrollees receive at least part of the premium tax credit. However, the subsidy cliff means enrollees lose the benefit once earnings exceed 400% of the federal poverty limit. For 2025, that threshold was $103,280 for a family of three, according to The Peterson Center on Healthcare, a nonprofit for healthcare policy, and KFF.
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