
On The Up: Makorori Environmental Protection Society volunteers planting dunes to protect coast
By the end of it, the group aims to have planted more than 8000 native plants covering 3000 square metres of dune area, set up more than 250m of protective fencing, remove more than 100 cubic metres of invasive weeds and establish a community shed for tools and health and safety equipment.
They hope to upskill volunteers in safe chemical handling and storage as well.
Makorori resident Gwen Hinga, of MEPS, said there have been a couple of weeding days earlier in the month to prepare the whenua.
Last weekend's outing was the first of three planned planting days.
'Last season we started some backdune planting... with wiwi and that was really successful,' Hinga said.
Wiwi is a variety of coastal rush.
The council had donated plants through local providers.
'Makorori has a lot of exotic weeds that are really stifling the whenua, so it is unable to do the job it is meant to do, which is to protect the land from Tangaroa's encroachment,' she said.
'By strengthening our dunes, we allow proper sand movement, which allows for erosion and accretion. By having good backdunes, we can create the right environment for foredunes.'
She said the plants they were working with were kōwhangatara (spinifex) and pīngao (golden sand sedge), which they were trying to reintroduce to Makorori.
She said there was a 'good mix' of local volunteers and those from outside the area on Sunday.
The volunteers included Martin and Charlotte Friel, from Scotland, who were visiting relatives and decided to pitch in.
Martin, left, and Charlotte Friel, from Scotland, were visiting relatives and decided to pitch in on the dune planting day. Photo / James Pocock
'We have a lot of locals who are super into this and come down to help when they can, because there is a lot to do,' she said.
'Ngā mihi to the community for turning out today.'
She hopes the kaupapa will eventually extend along the area's entire coastline.
'It will be awesome to share that with our people because a lot of people have forgotten why we have sand dunes.'
She acknowledged the volunteers and key partners, including the council, Fulton Hogan, Eastland Port, the Women's Native Tree Project Trust, Tairāwhiti Coastal Care Group, Coastlands Plant Nursery in Whakatāne and Ngāti Oneone.
MEPS received a Coastal Restoration Award at the Coastal Restoration Trust conference in Uawa earlier in the year for its work.
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NZ Herald
09-08-2025
- NZ Herald
Pukenui Forest's pest control success boosts birdlife and biodiversity
Colloquially referred to as 'the lungs of the city', Pukenui Forest borders Whangārei city on the west, covering around 1700ha from the Whau Valley area, north, down to Kara Rd towards Maungatapere, south. It was logged in the 1920s but has since regenerated and is the largest remaining remnant of native lowland forest in the district. An ancient kauri tree. Photo / Andy Avery, Pukenui Trust The forest is a mix of both old growth – huge kauri trees, taraire, totara and up to 800-year-old kahikatea – and regenerating forest with greatly varying terrain, encompassing mountains, valleys and countless streams. Additionally, there are several important Māori archaeological sites, including defended pā sites and kāinga (villages). In the past, species such as North Island kōkako, riflemen, kākāriki and kiwi would have thrived there. However, due to human impacts; the introduction of mammalian predators such as dogs, mustelids, possums, rats and feral cats, many species have become locally extinct within Pukenui. Rangers carrying DOC200 traps into the forest for more stoat control. Photo / Andy Avery, Pukenui Trust In 2008, an elaborate 10-year slog began to intensively manage the 1700ha land and reinstate it to a standard safe for the reintroduction of its former inhabitants. While goats and pigs were brought under control fairly quickly, when it comes to possums, rats, stoats and weasels, you've got to keep the pressure on, Martin said. 'Predator control is key to allow for the taonga species to thrive. It has been the first time since the Trust was formed that the forest has received scalable pest control, which has both been in the form of intensifying trap lines, adopting new trapping technologies, and increasing the toxin baiting networks. Thousands of possums have been removed using a range of tools, with the amount for rodents removed being much higher. Mustelids such as stoats and weasels have seen the highest catch rate in recent years.' A ranger at work in the forest Photo / Andy Avery, Pukenui Trust All data of pest removal is recorded on a GIS-like tool, TrapNZ, and analysed by reviewing recorded trap catches and toxin take. The latter is carried out by monitoring the amount of bait take and estimate catches based on what the lethal dosage is for the target pest species. The Trust has acquired self-setting traps which put out a fresh lure paste at night. Each battery lasts several months with up to 100 kills on a cycle, before it is brought in to recharge and the lure pouch refilled. The team were able to increase the network through a Department of Conservation (DoC) grant of $107,000 to use over three years, of which they are halfway through, to intensify predator control. 'Across 1020 of the hectares, we've increased from one station per hectare to two. That's the home range of a rat and that will put every rat at risk of coming across a bait station. The rat numbers are declining – they've halved over the last 18 months. This makes a really big difference for bats, tūī, kākāriki … a lot of species will massively benefit and it's just the latest piece of the puzzle which has been an amazing step forward for the Trust,' Martin said. Kiwi have been released into Pukenui Forest over the years and are now spotted roaming freely within. Photo / Andy Avery, Pukenui Trust The 1020ha was focused on as it's the 'grand central station' to the rat population and data shows this is where a lot of long-tailed bats reside. While bats aren't of the noisy variety mentioned earlier – their high-frequency sound of around 45kHz can only be picked up through an electronic device – they are slow breeders and one rat can have a large impact on the bat population. 'There are few places in New Zealand where there are urban bats but Whangārei is one of several locations. Bats have always been there, I think they've just been holding on, but bat populations are declining. Bats give birth to one puppy a year just before Christmas and there's a six-week period where the baby can't fly so, while mum's out catching food, the rats crawl into the tree holes and eat the baby bats,' Martin explains. Possums additionally impact the canopy health, targeting particular tree species they find tasty which can cause tree extinction of some species. They also compete for food with species such as tūī. A AT220 self-setting trap can catch around 100 pests on one cycle. Photo / Andy Avery, Pukenui Trust 'We're maintaining a high level of control for possums and adding additional pieces of the puzzle for a healthy forest,' Martin said, adding that he has witnessed kiwi walk by since a series of translocations over the years to reintroduce them to the forest. These anecdotes, with camera footage to monitor interaction, are signs the mahi is paying off. 'I've seen and heard kākā in there this year. They are a big noisy bird and were formerly all over Northland but now recently breeding populations are on islands. They have a good knack of knowing when pest populations are low. People in Whangārei won't be used to seeing and hearing kākā in Whangārei but they're turning up in the forest now. Particularly with the rat control, there's more food for them and they're realising it's a safe place to be and settle down and breed so they turn up off their own accord. That's the future that I see and what keeps me going as a volunteer.' Pukenui Trust chair and volunteer Tim Martin has a vision for the forest and says it is on-track. Photo / Andy Avery, Pukenui Trust Martin says he moved to Whangārei just over four years ago, which is when he first entered the forest. Although he can't comment from personal experience what it was like 17 years ago, he knows from the pests present then it would have been what he calls a 'silent cathedral'. 'I can attest to the audible bounce back of life over just the past four years. The forest is a lot noisier with bird song and a noisy forest is what you want.' Success due to dedication Martin says the enormous amount of work achieved has been largely thanks to the dedicated work of rangers, volunteers and contractors, who have carried out the pest control in the rugged, steep hills of the forest. 'There are a lot of moving parts to pull off this scale of work, all throughout the ngahere. We'd like to thank the Department of Conservation, Whangārei District Council, Foundation North, Predator Free Whangārei, Tiakina Whangārei, Northland Regional Council, and Kiwi Coast. Moreover, it is not lost on us that this forest has a lot of history and significance to hapū and iwi. We are extremely grateful to have Matua Winiwini on our board to guide us in the mahi that is carried out. 'One of the many other focus has been to re-establish some volunteering trap lines and work on invasive weed control to grow the volunteering network. There is so much more exciting work to come. If anyone is keen to support the Trust's work by volunteering or donating, please do reach out, as there's no shortage of work to be done.' For further information, visit or follow the Pukenui Western Hills Forest Trust Facebook page.


NZ Herald
14-07-2025
- NZ Herald
On The Up: Makorori Environmental Protection Society volunteers planting dunes to protect coast
The incorporated society secured funding from the Department of Internal Affairs' cyclone appeal to launch its restoration project, focused on removing exotic weeds, planting natural dune species, reducing accessways across the dunes and erecting educational signage to raise awareness of the work. By the end of it, the group aims to have planted more than 8000 native plants covering 3000 square metres of dune area, set up more than 250m of protective fencing, remove more than 100 cubic metres of invasive weeds and establish a community shed for tools and health and safety equipment. They hope to upskill volunteers in safe chemical handling and storage as well. Makorori resident Gwen Hinga, of MEPS, said there have been a couple of weeding days earlier in the month to prepare the whenua. Last weekend's outing was the first of three planned planting days. 'Last season we started some backdune planting... with wiwi and that was really successful,' Hinga said. Wiwi is a variety of coastal rush. The council had donated plants through local providers. 'Makorori has a lot of exotic weeds that are really stifling the whenua, so it is unable to do the job it is meant to do, which is to protect the land from Tangaroa's encroachment,' she said. 'By strengthening our dunes, we allow proper sand movement, which allows for erosion and accretion. By having good backdunes, we can create the right environment for foredunes.' She said the plants they were working with were kōwhangatara (spinifex) and pīngao (golden sand sedge), which they were trying to reintroduce to Makorori. She said there was a 'good mix' of local volunteers and those from outside the area on Sunday. The volunteers included Martin and Charlotte Friel, from Scotland, who were visiting relatives and decided to pitch in. Martin, left, and Charlotte Friel, from Scotland, were visiting relatives and decided to pitch in on the dune planting day. Photo / James Pocock 'We have a lot of locals who are super into this and come down to help when they can, because there is a lot to do,' she said. 'Ngā mihi to the community for turning out today.' She hopes the kaupapa will eventually extend along the area's entire coastline. 'It will be awesome to share that with our people because a lot of people have forgotten why we have sand dunes.' She acknowledged the volunteers and key partners, including the council, Fulton Hogan, Eastland Port, the Women's Native Tree Project Trust, Tairāwhiti Coastal Care Group, Coastlands Plant Nursery in Whakatāne and Ngāti Oneone. MEPS received a Coastal Restoration Award at the Coastal Restoration Trust conference in Uawa earlier in the year for its work.


The Spinoff
22-06-2025
- The Spinoff
Your life in three certificates
Work stories from the office of births, deaths and marriages. On a grey Wellington day, there's a grey Wellington street, and on that street there's a grey, medium sized building. Hanging outside this building is a small sign with the vaguest of governmental names. The Department of Internal Affairs. Through the automatic doors, across a bright foyer and up a grey lift, there's a grey office. Many years ago I worked there in a small team known as births, deaths and marriages, or as it was affectionately called, hatch, match and dispatch. Myself and a few others issued birth, death and marriage certificates. The process was mostly automated, but there were enough unique cases to justify a team of us parsing through requests and figuring out what was going on. It was a combination of data-entry, customer service and detective work. On an individual level these certificates are necessary to get a passport, enrol your kids in school, open a bank account, vote in an election or learn your great grandparents' middle names. At a national level, life event data guides policy, informs public health decisions and tracks demographic shifts. The head of BDM has the old-timey job title of Registrar-General. Previous Registrar-General Jeff Montgomery stepped down in 2023 after 10 years in the role. One time when he visited our office, he told me there were official robes for the role that are kept at Te Papa. I asked if he had ever tried them on and he said only once, when he first got the job. He may have even mentioned a ceremonial mace. While writing this piece, I asked Jeff about the robes and he told me that he had been joking. When he wasn't keeping a straight face, Jeff oversaw all life event registrations, including being the final arbiter on what you could name your baby. As I came to learn, every field on these certificates is contested in some way or another. Names can't resemble a title or rank, can't be swears or include numbers, and can't ridicule the child. A name has to be around 100 characters or less, but you can change your name as many times as you like. There was a rastafarian-adjacent religion in the bush somewhere that encouraged their followers to regularly change their names to long, pious strings of words. All name changes are recorded on your birth certificate, and it was an exciting day when I got to issue a two-page certificate. Unlike the days when a leak in the roof or a fire in a local archive could wipe out decades of paper records, the modern system of recording life events in New Zealand has a near 100% coverage. After stepping down, Jeff moved to Fiji to work on registrations in the Pacific. 'About 50% of births and 80% of deaths in the Pacific still go unrecorded.' Jeff says. 'with considerable variation across the region – from some countries with 100% coverage, to others below 20%.' He's working with governments and organisations to move 'towards every Pacific Islander having the official recognition they deserve, from birth to death, which really means the chance to fully participate in their societies.' Records in the New Zealand system go right back to 1840 and while historic personal details were interesting, the attitudes recorded on old records were just as eye-opening. I'd often come across Māori men and women in their 70s with their names registered as 'Boy' or 'Girl'. At various points, government workers had been sent out to rural areas to register births, but had prioritised speed over recording the child's name. Sometimes the details omitted are shocking, other times it's what is included. Horrible words I had to look up to fully understand. Retarded, cripple, mongoloid. From 1912 it became law to record the 'Degree of Māori blood' on birth and death records, which then became standard for over 50 years. The phrases they used were Full Māori or Half-Caste. On a birth certificate, the field for 'parents' is another battleground. The adoptions team sat around the corner from me, and I'd often see redacted details on birth certificates. For closed adoptions before March 1986, birth parents can decide whether or not their details remain hidden on their child's birth record. The info can stay hidden for up to 10 years, then the birth parents are able to call and renew (known as 'endorsing') the block for another decade. A colleague told me that for one closed adoption, the restrictions on the parents' details were due to expire that day (after a 10-year block). The birth parents had called that morning to keep their details hidden, just ahead of their child, who had called in the afternoon to ask who his parents were. The calls were only a few hours apart. Wading through the records revealed the complexity of people's lives. Common historic scenarios were well known in the office. For example, when a young woman got pregnant but wasn't married she would sometimes be hidden away by her family. They might have said she was sick for a year, or away visiting relatives. Then her parents would announce a surprise baby of their own. Whoops! But in reality, their new child was their grandson. Many decades go past and that child applies for a birth certificate. The system can't automatically find the record with the details they've provided, so it would be bumped to me to figure out what was going on. In one case, after some searching, I confirmed with my boss that there was an application for a certificate where the customer had put down his grandparents as his parents. 'So what happens now?' I asked. 'This is how he finds out,' he told me. So I gave him a call. In my best phone voice I let the customer know that I couldn't find any birth certificates with the details he supplied. 'Oh yea.' Are there any other details they could be under? 'Nah.' Is there a chance your sister could have been your mother? 'Yea could have been.' Let me take a look (fake typing in the background to make it sound like I was searching). Oh yea there's a record here, looks like your sister is your birth mother. 'Oh yea.' I'll send this birth certificate out to you now then 'OK.' Anything else I can help you with? 'No thanks, bye.' He didn't sound surprised, but clearly was not a man of many words. Maybe he always knew. Or maybe it was the kind of all hands on deck family where it just didn't matter (I could see that his sister/mother had died a number of years prior). Like many of the older people I spoke to, it was his first time applying for a birth certificate, so that he could get a passport to visit the grandkids in Australia. While chatting to customers I would hear, in the background, young babies crying, grieving widows and wedding planning. In some countries you can only get married in a church or authorised venue, but in Aotearoa you can wed anywhere on land or at sea. Some marriage certificates have locations like 'On a boat 20km off the coast of Whakatāne' or 'Tarn Bivvy'. To be fair, you're also allowed to be born and die anywhere you like. In another rare lack of bureaucracy, you don't need to legally change your name when you get married. You can hyphenate, take your partner's surname, or keep the one you had. Most places will accept a marriage certificate as proof of a new surname. Birth certificates are often ordered by parents for their child. Death certificates are often ordered by children for their parents. Some of my long-serving colleagues (since retired) recognised unusual surnames, and would marvel at the fragments of family stories that they had seen play out over many years. After I left I got married and had kids, and wondered if anyone in the office noticed. Every piece of information on a birth, death or marriage record has been contentious, regressive, or breaking new ground at some point. From adoption details, to social change like marriage equality, to new frontiers like throuples wanting to all be on a birth certificate. Life records are a colourful space. At the centre of it all is a grey public service office, on any grey Wellington day, printing certificates.