French PM unveils budget expected to slash govt spending by €40 billion
President Emmanuel Macron has left Bayrou the task of repairing public finances with the 2026 budget after his own move to call a snap legislative election last year delivered a hung parliament too divided to tackle spiralling spending and a surprise tax shortfall.
Long-time debt hawk Bayrou has tried to warn the French that broad sacrifices are unavoidable, although defence spending will be allowed to increase next year.
The cuts, detailed in a late afternoon news conference, will likely involve freezing social benefits while some tax breaks will likely be capped.
Bayrou, a veteran centrist, must persuade the opposition ranks in France's fractured parliament to at least tolerate his cuts or risk facing a no-confidence motion like the one that toppled his predecessor in December over the 2025 budget.
Bayrou has so far survived eight no-confidence motions. The far-right National Rally party has indicated it will not back the new budget cuts and has already called for another vote on his government.
Calling for a new hike in defence spending on Sunday, Macron urged lawmakers not to trigger another no-confidence motion, saying that the one in December had hurt companies and set back a defence build-up by delaying the 2025 budget.
"That vote has delayed the defence budget. It is now up to the government to allocate the necessary funds in a timely manner so we can continue to innovate more quickly, to produce more quickly," he said.
Left-wing parties will likely baulk at welfare cuts, while the far right warns a broad spending freeze is unfair to French citizens and could prompt them to oppose Bayrou's plans.
In the final two years of his second term, the dramatic deterioration of public finances may tarnish Macron's legacy.
A political outsider, he was first elected in 2017 on promises to break the right-left divide and modernise the eurozone's second-biggest economy with growth-friendly tax cuts and reforms.
Successive crises – from protests, Covid-19 and runaway inflation – have shown he has failed to change the country's overspending habit, however.
Bayrou aims to reduce the budget deficit from 5.4 percent of GDP this year to 4.6 percent in 2026, ultimately targeting the EU's 3 percent fiscal deficit limit by 2029.
With interest payments potentially becoming the biggest budget outlay, financial markets and ratings agencies are keen to see whether Bayrou can get his plans through parliament without triggering another political collapse.
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