
Egypt's Annual Urban Inflation Rises to 13.9%
Taarek Refaat
Egypt's urban inflation rate accelerated in April, reaching 13.9% year-on-year, compared to 13.6% in March, according to data released Saturday by the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS).
However, on a monthly basis, urban inflation slowed to 1.3% in April, compared to 1.6% in March.
This is the second acceleration in inflation figures in the past 7 months. Consumer prices were higher last month and the previous month in August, impacted by increases in fuel and public transportation fares.
This was due to a 6.7% increase in electricity, gas, and fuel prices, an 8.6% increase in private transportation prices, an 8.2% increase in transportation services prices, a 1.3% increase in vehicle purchase prices, a 1.2% increase in vegetables, and a 0.5% increase in grains and bread prices.
Last April, Egypt raised petroleum product prices for the second time in six months, expecting to achieve savings of EGP 35 billion in the current fiscal year 2024-2025 budget. The price increase included all types of gasoline and diesel, with an increase of EGP 2 per liter.
Over the past year, the government moved to raise the prices of several goods and services. Metro and train ticket prices increased in August 2024 by rates ranging from 12.5% to 25%, as part of the country's efforts to reduce subsidies on many essential services and commodities.
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And the sector isn't done yet. According to AdMazad, Egypt's leading out-of-home (OOH) advertising performance measurement company, total impressions reached 154.2 billion last year, largely concentrated in Cairo's arterial roads and desert-ringed satellite cities. In some places, there is now more advertising space than visible sky. 'Billboards are a steady source of revenue,' Assem Memon, CEO of AdMazad, an Egyptian agency dedicated to tracking and analysing thousands of billboards across the country to measure their performance, tells CairoScene. 'Local authorities and municipalities rely on them to generate cashflow.' Egypt has turned its cities into a showroom, and its streets into a psychology experiment. But I'm here to make a case for – as well as against – the perpetual billboard. And that starts at the beginning. The idea for billboards began slowly in Egypt. First, as movie posters, as Nasserist propaganda promising Pan-Arabist heaven, cupping therapy offers, cure-all creams, and home exorcisms available – if you call now. Then as static signs hawking juice brands or local banks. Then came vinyl real estate giants along 6 October Bridge, animated LEDs near Nasr City, 3D billboards looming overhead. The number of OOH advertisers rose 23% year-on-year to 17,000, while the number of billboards increased 26.6% year-on-year to 40,000, according to Enterprise and AdMazad. It is clear that billboards in Egypt are more than visual noise, they're a critical financial artery for the country's urban fabric. Advertisers pay a concession fee just to rent the land, and when they build according to regulation, they also pay an annual licensing fee. 'As new roads open up, so do opportunities for billboard placements, Memon explains. 'But when it comes to premium visibility, 6th October and Tagamoa lead the pack. Today, renting a billboard in 6th October costs around 500,000 EGP per month, while the same space in Tagamoa can go for EGP 1 million.' But what's most striking, Memon notes, is Egypt's advertising imbalance. 'In other emerging markets like Pakistan, Morocco, or Malaysia, real estate usually ranks sixth or seventh in terms of billboard ad share.'In most countries, consumer goods, telecoms, banks, pharmacies, and cafés dominate OOH budgets. 'Here in Egypt,' Memon continues, 'real estate is number one—by far.' 'Real estate alone now accounts for 60% of OOH market share in Egypt, with advertising spend in the sector jumping 85% in a single year,' Engy Elmasry, Account Manager at Seven, tells CairoScene. These figures are based on AdMazad's audit of over 50,000 billboards across Egypt, reflecting the sector's dominance in the OOH advertising landscape. 'These aren't billboards,' Elmasry says. 'They're mood boards. We're selling escape, not space.' So why is Cairo's skyline a catalogue of gated compounds? 'It's partly economic,' Memon says. 'Currency devaluation has pushed real estate developers into a cycle of building fast, selling fast, and flipping fast. Most of them are small, fragmented players who want to build brand equity, so they flood the streets with ads to build credibility. Projects like 'Skies of Nation' or 'Jiran' want you to remember their name. The economic environment has changed real estate to an investment first product, and with the fragmentation among developers and entry of many first time developers, there is a need to create mass awareness.' This one-sector dominance has reshaped the OOH ecosystem. 'Product development in the ad industry now prioritises real estate,' Memon explains. 'It's all about targeting high-traffic highways like Mehwar and the Ring Road—not dense, lived-in neighbourhoods like Mohandiseen or Agouza.' The result? Billboards in older Cairo are vanishing, even though most Egyptians still live there. The consequences go beyond visibility. 'Imagine running a small shoe brand,' Memon says. 'You can't afford a single board in New Cairo or 6 October. The new outdoor inventory is primarily designed for real estate and mega advertisers. The unintended consequence of this is the limitation of advertising opportunities for smaller brands.' If billboard access were more equitable, Memon argues, it wouldn't just benefit small businesses—it would expand the industry as a whole. 'When different businesses at different maturity stages can access outdoor ads, you unlock new verticals. It's not about shrinking the real estate footprint—it's about sharing the skyline.' The challenge is ensuring that billboards don't morph into 'a visual zoo,' in Memon's words. His vision? 'Stronger regulation. One billboard every 500 metres. Limit the number of formats per zone. 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And for all their distortions, billboards can also inspire. A clever campaign. A moment of colour on a grey commute. A family glimpsing a different future – even if it's unattainable. Egypt is in the midst of an identity shift. The post-revolution euphoria has long faded, replaced by infrastructural overhauls, capital migration to the desert, and a public increasingly anxious about where it belongs. In this context, billboards are not the disease. They are the symptom – and sometimes, the distraction. They represent both Egypt's most sincere ambitions and its deepest contradictions. They are monuments to optimism and inequality. And they are built to last. The question is not whether the billboards will change. It's whether Cairo will – or whether it will continue to be a city that cannot see itself, only the version sold back to it at 1080p, three storeys high, and payable in 100 monthly installments.


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