International students are rethinking U.S. study plans amid visa policy shifts, experts say
College experts largely applauded the move, which was prompted by court challenges and lawsuits filed by affected students and their lawyers, as a win for students and higher education overall, but the gains could be short lived.
The Trump Administration's sudden change in policy, however, is causing some international college applicants to rethink their plans for next year and whether they want to study in the U.S. at all, college experts now say.
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"Overall, this is a very positive development," according to Robert Franek, editor-in-chief of The Princeton Review. It provides needed clarity for international students who have until Thursday, May 1, which is National College Decision Day — the deadline most schools set to choose which institution they will attend in the fall, he said.
For colleges and universities, "international enrollment is an incredible value in the classroom," Franek said. To that end, college administrators remain highly focused on "having students with different experiences and a number of different voices represented," he said.
But international student enrollment is also an important source of revenue for U.S. colleges and universities, which is why schools need a contingent of foreign students, who typically pay full tuition, Franek added. This financial reliance makes them a critical component of the higher education system, experts say.
However, because of the U.S. government's recent changes to the student visa policy, which deactivated and then reactivated the immigration status of thousands of students, "there are a number of international students admitted to great colleges and really skeptical about whether they will come," Franek said of plans for the fall of 2025.
One private college consultant, who works with a large share of families from abroad, said he has already seen a shift in priorities among college-bound clients, fueled by nervousness about further policy changes.
"There's so much uncertainty and uncertainty is not good for long-term planning," said Hafeez Lakhani, founder and president of Lakhani Coaching in New York.
Lakhani explained that he is working with families to "evaluate the risk" ahead of the enrollment deadline. Other high schoolers a year or more away from applying to college are rethinking their plans altogether, he said.
"We are already seeing some international students showing more interest in Canada and the U.K. — and it's to those other countries' benefit in terms of recruiting talent and tuition dollars," Lakhani said.
There are more than 1.1 million international undergraduate and graduate students in the U.S., mostly from India and China, making up slightly less than 6% of the total U.S. higher education population, according to the latest Open Doors data, released by the U.S. Department of State and the Institute of International Education.
In the 2023-24 academic year, the U.S. hosted a record number of students from abroad, marking a 7% increase from the previous year. India surpassed China as the top sending country, with India sending more than 330,000 students.
Altogether, international student enrollment contributed $43.8 billion to the U.S. economy in 2023-24, according to a separate report by NAFSA: Association of International Educators.
"Foreign students present a unique challenge for the Trump administration's hardline immigration policy efforts," said Christopher Rim, president and CEO of college consulting firm Command Education.
"On the one hand, international students account for a large portion of foreign residents in the U.S., and some of the most politically outspoken," Rims said. "However, they are among the most economically advantageous, as well."
But according to Rim, who also works with clients all over the world, the U.S. is still the main choice among college-bound students applying to top-ranked institutions, and that is unlikely to change overnight.
"I was in Hong Kong last week speaking to a packed audience of hundreds of students and parents about Ivy League and top-tier U.S. college admissions for expat and international families," Rim said Monday.
"Despite global shifts, distinct and affluent families remain deeply eager to send their children to the United States for higher education," he explained. "They continue to recognize the U.S. as home to the world's leading universities."
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However, it still describes reports of 'significant human rights issues' and 'widespread disregard for the rule of law and official impunity for those responsible for human rights abuses.' The report notes a 'significant deterioration in respect for women's rights' in 2024 due to edicts 'effectively removing them from public spaces.' Despite such findings, the Trump administration sought to end Temporary Protected Status for Afghans in the US, citing 'notable improvements in the security and economic situation' in Afghanistan. The latest report on Russia, while lengthier than others, was still shorter than the one released last year. It points to the death of Aleksey Navalny in a Russian prison in February 2024, noting the prison is 'known for harsh conditions and alleged torture.' It also cites vast human rights abuses inside Russia, including extrajudicial killings and enforced disappearances perpetrated by government authorities. But the report does not include a full section on corruption, which was described as 'widespread throughout the executive branch' in last year's report. The report also says there were credible reports that some Russian forces committed war crimes and crimes against humanity as they continued their invasion of Ukraine. 'Russia's forces and officials committed crimes against humanity, including but not limited to deporting thousands of civilians to Russia, including children. The government operated an extensive system of filtration and detention operations that sometimes included the use of forced labor,' the report says. Not all of the reports were drastically changed from last year. The latest country report on China is very similar. It notes that genocide and crimes against humanity occurred against predominantly Muslim Uyghurs and members of other ethnic and religious minority groups in Xinjiang, the report says. It also concludes that the Chinese government did 'not take credible steps or action to identify or punish officials who committed human rights abuses' in 2024, which mirrors the findings from the previous year's report.
