What is hops and how does it change the taste of beer?

Time Out

04-06-2025

"Humulus lupulus" is not a magic trick from the new Harry Potter series, although it does have something magical, especially when we talk about beer. This technical term refers to hops, defined by experts as the secret (and fundamental) ingredient of this beverage because it balances its flavor (adding bitterness) and defines its aroma.
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Hops is a climbing plant that belongs to the Cannabaceae family—a close relative of cannabis—and has antioxidant properties, which help slow down the deterioration of the drink. Although it may have become trendy recently with the hype around IPA (a variety in which bitter flavors and citrusy and floral aromas predominate), it has been an ingredient accompanying beer production since the year 800.
How does hops influence the flavor of beer?
There are many varieties of hops that contribute different notes and define each beer style. Some are used to add bitterness, others to accentuate aroma. The first define the beer's profile depending on their amount: more 'malty' or sweet (when malt predominates) or more 'hoppy' or bitter (when hops do).
The latter vary depending on their origin: some are associated with citrus fruits (lemon, grapefruit, orange), others more with tropical fruits (pineapple, mango, passion fruit), and others more earthy (fresh-cut grass, pine, herbs).
Thus, an Imperial IPA, which is made with two varieties of hops, has a rather bitter taste and a distinctive aroma. On the other hand, an Imperial APA, which has only one variety, achieves a more moderate taste and a more intense aroma than the former because, once brewed, it is dry-hopped. This final touch makes it more complex and intense to the nose but not as bitter when it hits the palate.
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An Imperial Red will have predominant malts and low hops, so it will be rather sweet; the same goes for an Imperial Cream Stout, which is characterized by a chocolaty flavor thanks to its blend of roasted malts.
More hops, more spices
Since at Time Out we like to always give you tips and recommendations, here is a rule that will help you next time you want to pair a beer with a dish:
If it's a more 'hoppy' beer (like an Imperial IPA), always choose a spicy dish, such as Mexican, Indian, or something with high fat content like roasted meats or dishes with melted cheeses.
If you're going for a more 'malty' beer (like an Imperial Red), the best match will always be foods with sauces, slow-cooked meats, or cured cold cuts.