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News18
13 hours ago
- Sport
- News18
Not Shoaib Bashir! Nathan Lyon Feels 34-Year-Old Star Is England's Best Spinner
Last Updated: Since making his Test debut for England against India in Vizag last year, Shoaib Bashir has dismissed 68 batters in 19 matches played so far. Shoaib Bashir was England's first-choice spin bowler in the ongoing five-match Test series against India. The 21-year-old spinner, who made his Test debut for Poms against India in Visakhapatnam last year, dismissed a total of 10 Indian batters in the first three matches but was ruled out of the last two matches after suffering a finger injury at Lord's. After Bashir was ruled out, England recalled Liam Dawson to the Test squad after more than eight years and he even got a chance to play at Old Trafford. In his first red-ball match for the English team since 2017, Dawson has however only able to take one wicket. England had an option to recall Jack Leach as well but their selectors choose otherwise. But according to legendary Australian spinner Nathan Lyon, the 34-year-old Leach is England's best bet in the Ashes tour later this year. 'In my eyes, Jack Leach is still their best spinner," Lyon was quoted as saying by Indian Express. 'It is a massive role, and it can be a massive challenge for people who haven't done it in the past in these conditions," Lyon said of spin bowling in Australia. 'But I'm not going to let my secrets out so they come out and perform well out here. Our guys know how to play spin really well in this country. That's probably what helped me produce my skill to where it is at the moment. I know I'll keep trying getting better, and we'll see how their spinners go," he said. 'I obviously played with Jimmy Anderson last year at Lancashire, and they basically said that they're picking Bashir to do what I do. So I took a little bit of pride out of Jimmy respecting a little bit of what I've been able to do in my career. But Bashir has been okay," he said. England are also grooming Jacob Bethell, a batsman who bowls left-arm spin. 'Jacob Bethell is playing this Test match (tonight at The Oval) and he looks like he'll take up the spin bowling from Liam Dawson," he added. view comments First Published: Disclaimer: Comments reflect users' views, not News18's. Please keep discussions respectful and constructive. Abusive, defamatory, or illegal comments will be removed. News18 may disable any comment at its discretion. By posting, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
Indian Express
16 hours ago
- Sport
- Indian Express
Shreyasi Joshi from Pune bags gold at Asian Roller Skating Championship in Korea
Shreyasi Joshi, a 20-year-old skater from Pune, wo n gold in the Classic and Battle Inline Freestyle categories at the Asian Roller Skating Championship in Jecheon, Korea. 'I had only a week to practice as I had to travel from a tournament in Milan to Korea, with a stop in India. My performance in Milan was not good, but I got myself together and managed to perform well at the Asian Championship,' said Joshi. 'Another challenge I faced was that they did not give us any warm-up time. Usually, we have at least 10 minutes of warm-up per category. This was unexpected, but I managed to focus and give a good performance. I knew that if I am able to execute the tricks I have prepared I would have a podium finish.' Already one of the best players in the world at such a young age, Joshi is currently ranked number 4 in Inline Freestyle in the World Skate women's rankings. Describing the beginning of her skating journey, Joshi said, 'I started when I was just three-years-old. It started out as a hobby which quickly turned into passion. I was in my school's playground, where I saw a few senior skaters skating besides the ground on the track. I told my mom that it really looks cool and adventurous and I want to try it out. They enrolled me for the classes.' ' I played my first state championship after winning the district championship, and from then onwards, I felt like I wanted to play and win a medal at the national championship,' she said. Joshi began with speedskating and shifted to inline freestyle later. 'Speed skating is like a normal race but on skates. Inline Classic is a performance in between cones placed on the surface with music playing in the background. It is more technical,' she explained. Joshi won her first junior National Championship in 2016. There was no stopping her after this, as she won every junior and later senior National Championship till date. 'At the Asian Championships, I knew I had performed well and was waiting for the results. I could see that the whole Indian team was looking at the screen, and my parents were also there. As soon as the results appeared, people began shouting in joy. My mother was crying,' said Joshi, who enjoys a following of over 2.2 lakh followers on Instagram. Her usual skating practice routine lasts for four-five hours everyday, along with pilates for flexibility and workout on most days. A third-year student at MIT-WPU, Joshi says she has received support from her college for attendance logs and exam rescheduling to accommodate her training and competitions. Joshi also highlighted the lack of good training facilities in the city. Not all surfaces are suitable for training, she says, and that some popular training arenas charge as high as Rs 40,000 per day, a cost that is not feasible for an individual athlete to pay. She hopes for government support and recognition for athletes performing well in roller skating events. Soham is a Correspondent with the Indian Express in Pune. A journalism graduate, he was a fact-checker before joining the Express. Soham currently covers education and is also interested in civic issues, health, human rights, and politics. ... Read More
Indian Express
16 hours ago
- Business
- Indian Express
UPSC Key: The 25 per cent tariff, The Resistance Front and Kamchatka Earthquakes
Important topics and their relevance in UPSC CSE exam for July 31, 2025. If you missed the July 30, 2025 UPSC CSE exam key from the Indian Express, read it here FRONT PAGE Trump hits India with 25% tariff plus a Russia penalty Syllabus: Preliminary Examination: Current events of national and international importance. Main Examination: General Studies II: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India's interests. What's the ongoing story: US President Donald Trump's announcement of a 25 per cent tariff on Indian imports, along with a penalty for procuring military equipment and energy from Russia, comes barely a day before the intended deadline to conclude agreements. Key Points to Ponder: • 'US President Donald Trump's announcement of a 25 per cent tariff on Indian imports'-Know in detail • Apart from the 25% tariff, what additional threat did President Trump mention regarding India? • Why the U.S. imposition of a 25% tariff plus penalty against India represented a significant departure from prior U.S. trade strategy regarding tariff differentials. • How India responded? • Compare the tariff rates imposed on India with those on other U.S. trading partners like Vietnam or Japan. • What is US-Pakistan oil agreement? • What does it mean for Pakistan? • What does US-Pakistan trade deal mean for India? Key Takeaways: • All those assumptions are now under a cloud, as policymakers in New Delhi grapple with Trump's statement announcing a 25 per cent tariff on Indian goods from August 1, alongside an additional but unspecified 'penalty' for its defence and energy imports from Russia. • On the face of it, India's Commerce and Industry Ministry said the government had taken note of Trump's statement and was 'studying its implications'. Alongside this, the trade ministry also reiterated its engagement in negotiations that aimed at concluding 'a fair, balanced and mutually beneficial bilateral trade agreement', which placed importance on 'protecting and promoting the welfare of India's farmers, entrepreneurs, and MSMEs'. • The official also underlined that the view in government here is that a majority of those who have rushed in to sign deals with the world's biggest economy have ended up with lopsided agreements that effectively extracted more than what it gave. This includes countries such as the UK and Australia that have a trade deficit with the US. • Trump on Monday had cut short a deadline for Moscow to make progress toward a Ukraine war peace deal or see its oil customers slapped with secondary tariffs of 100 per cent in 10-12 days. 'So I think anyone who buys sanctioned Russian oil should be ready for this,' US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent had said. • China is the largest buyer of Russian oil, at about 2 million barrels per day, followed by India (just under 2 million a day) and Turkey. China had agreed to cut tariffs on US goods to 10 per cent from 125 per cent in May, while the US had agreed to lower tariffs on Chinese goods to 30 per cent from 145 per cent. Do You Know: US President Donald Trump's announcement of a 25 per cent tariff on Indian imports, has key consequences. • One, it puts India at a disadvantage in comparison to competitors. Two, it put the onus back on the Indian side to fast-track its negotiations for an interim deal with the US. Indications are that the outer limit for a deal, currently pegged at around October from New Delhi's perspective, might need to be brought forward. • What complicates the equation for India is that the Chinese are at an advanced stage of negotiations towards a deal, which could have a favourable tariff rate and potential waivers on secondary tariffs, which include the tariff on account of Russian oil imports and the proposed 10 per cent BRICS tariff. • Though Trump did not specify the rate of penalty for India on account of Russian oil and defence imports, earlier statements made by Trump indicate that it could be to the tune of 100 per cent. • This way, India stands to potentially lose the US tariff advantage vis-a-vis China at least till the time a deal is struck, even if Beijing, too, faces the same penalty for importing from Russia. Beijing does stand to have a first-mover advantage as it has already wrapped up its negotiations ahead of India with the US. A final China deal, however, is still elusive. Other Important Articles Covering the same topic: 📍Road to October pact gets tougher, shrinks room to drive a better deal 📍How Trump's 25% tariffs announcement could impact future India-US trade negotiations 📍Trump announces 'deal' with Islamabad to develop Pakistan's oil reserves: 'Maybe they'll sell to India someday' ISRO-NASA satellite placed in orbit, to map Earth in detail Syllabus: Preliminary Examination: Current events of national and international importance. Mains Examination: General Studies III: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, biotechnology and issues relating to intellectual property rights. What's the ongoing story: In its most significant launch since the Moon-landing Chandrayaan-3 in 2023, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Wednesday placed NISAR satellite, a first-of-its-kind collaborative project between India and the US, into its intended orbit. Key Points to Ponder: • NISAR mission-know its features and objectives • What is the significance of the NASA–ISRO collaborative model in the NISAR mission? • What is the potential use of NISAR data? • How NISAR complements India's existing earth observation systems? • What are the geopolitical and scientific significance of the ISRO NASA collaboration on NISAR? • What are the advantages of dual frequency SAR (L band and S band) in studying Earth surface processes? • Know the role of NISAR in India's disaster management strategy, especially in hazard prone regions like the Himalayas. • How NISAR complements existing Indian remote sensing satellites like CARTOSAT and RISAT? Key Takeaways: • The uniqueness of the satellite lies in the fact that it carries two Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs) of different frequencies that are designed to work together to produce some of the most detailed images of the Earth ever captured from space. SARs are imaging equipment that use the non-visible microwave radiation to create pictures of the Earth from space. Never before have two SARs been mounted on a single satellite. • The NISAR satellite flew on a GSLV rocket launched from Sriharikota Wednesday evening. The satellite was deposited in the Sun Synchronous Polar Orbit (SSPO), about 747 km from the Earth, within 19 minutes of the launch. This was the first time that ISRO used its powerful GSLV rocket to drop a satellite in the SSPO. Usually, the PSLV rocket is used to access these orbits, but NISAR satellite was too heavy to be handled by PSLV. In fact, at 2,392 kgs, NISAR is the heaviest Earth observation satellite ever. Do You Know: • NISAR is meant to take high-resolution pictures of the Earth, which will be useful for a wide range of research activities, including in climate change, disaster management, agriculture, forestry and urban planning. The two SARs, working in tandem, can map the terrain in minute detail, and, by repeating their observations in a cyclic fashion, can capture the changes happening at as small a scale as one centimetre. • NISAR satellite would map the entire globe every 12 days, providing a series of detailed images that can have various applications ranging from predicting disasters, helping in rescue efforts afterwards, developing new models for earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, and most importantly studying the impacts of climate change. The mission life of the satellite is five years. • The concept for a NISAR-like mission emerged in 2007 when a US committee had recommended a space mission to study how changes in land, ice or vegetation cover were taking place. The mission was supposed to carry out surface deformation monitoring to facilitate studies of earthquakes, landslides and volcanoes, apart from making observations that will help the study of climate change, global carbon cycle, changes in vegetation, biomass and ice-cover. • NASA began working on the project in 2008. ISRO came into the picture four years later, when it identified science studies and applications that were complementary to the primary objective of the mission. NASA and ISRO had collaborated earlier — there was a NASA payload on ISRO's Chandrayaan-1 — but never jointly developed or executed a space mission. The two agencies signed a deal on NISAR in 2014, and have been engaged in developing this mission since then. Other Important Articles Covering the same topic: 📍NISAR's two eyes on Earth UNSC report names The Resistance Front, cites Pahalgam terror attack Syllabus: Preliminary Examination: Current events of national and international importance. Mains Examination: • General Studies II: India and its neighbourhood- relations. • General Studies III: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security What's the ongoing story: In a first, The Resistance Front (TRF), a shadow outfit of Pakistan-based terror outfit Lashkar-e-Taiba that had claimed responsibility for the Pahalgam terror attack on April 22, has found mention in a United Nations Security Council (UNSC) report monitoring sanctions on terror outfits. Key Points to Ponder: • The Resistance Front (TRF)-know in detail • The Resistance Front (TRF), linked to the Pahalgam attack, is believed to be an offshoot of which terrorist organisation? • Know the role of Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed in past terrorist activities against India. • What are the challenges and consequences of conducting precision strikes on foreign soil, considering international law and diplomatic relations. • Know the historical patterns of terrorist attacks by groups like LeT and JeM and how India's military responses have evolved over time. • Know the significance of TRF being named by the UNSC Monitoring Team. • How TRF operates as a proxy of LeT and the implications of such organizational front structures for counter-terror policy? Key Takeaways: • According to the report of the Monitoring Team (MT) of the UNSC 1267 [ISIS (Da'esh) & Al-Qaida] Sanctions Committee, the entry under the Asia section reads: 'On 22 April, five terrorists attacked a tourist spot in Pahalgam, in Jammu and Kashmir. Twenty-six civilians were killed. The attack was claimed that same day by The Resistance Front (TRF), who in parallel published a photograph of the attack site. The claim of responsibility was repeated the following day.' • Sources pointed out that the paragraph on TRF and the Pahalgam terror attack is the first and largest part under the South Asia section. 'It is in sync with what we have been stating on the links between the TRF and the LeT and its support from Pakistan,' a source said. • This is the first time that the TRF has been mentioned in any UN document, sources said. In the past, India's consistent efforts for naming the TRF in the UNSC statements were stymied by Pakistan. • The development is significant as all decisions of the 1267 Sanctions Committee, including MT reports, are adopted by consensus by members of the UNSC. Pakistan is a non-permanent member of the UNSC. • After Operation Sindoor, which followed the Pahalgam attack, India had reached out to most of the UNSC member countries — permanent and non-permanent members – with multi-party political delegations visiting these countries in May-June. • According to sources, the inclusion of TRF in the MT report despite Pakistan's efforts highlights Islamabad's undeniable involvement in fomenting terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir. 'It also attests to our credibility in the UN on the counter-terror front,' the source said. Do You Know: • On July 18, the US State Department had designated TRF as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) and Specially Designated Global Terrorist (SDGT). 'TRF, a Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LeT) front and proxy, claimed responsibility for the April 22, 2025, Pahalgam attack which killed 26 civilians. This was the deadliest attack on civilians in India since the 2008 Mumbai attacks conducted by LeT. TRF has also claimed responsibility for several attacks against Indian security forces, including most recently in 2024,' the US State Department had said. • The Resistance Front (TRF) had claimed responsibility for the Pahalgam attack that killed 26 tourists, sources in central agencies said. The Resistance Front (TRF) is an offshoot of the Pakistan-based terror group Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT). • The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) declared the TRF a 'terrorist organisation' under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act in January 2023. The government said it was engaged in propaganda on terror activities, recruitment of terrorists, infiltration of terrorists and smuggling of weapons and narcotics from Pakistan into Jammu and Kashmir. • But the TRF first started making headlines in 2020. In May of that year, five Army commandos were killed in a gunbattle in Keran, in which five TRF militants were also killed. Similar clashes occurred around that time in Handwara and Sopore, killing security personnel. • The first was the revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 in August 2019. The second was the decapitation of the LeT in Kashmir in 2018. • The Lashkar-e-Taiba was founded around 1985, and one of its main goals was merging the whole of Kashmir with Pakistan. However, by the end of 2018, it had suffered significant reverses at the hands of Indian security forces. Other Important Articles Covering the same topic: 📍Pahalgam attack: How 'The Resistance Front' grew, spread in Kashmir 📍2000, '02, J&K terror's old ghost: attack during high-profile US visit Previous year UPSC Prelims Question Covering similar theme: 1. Hand-in-Hand 2007' a joint anti-terrorism military training was held by the officers of the Indian Army and officers of Army of which one of the following countries? (2008) (a) China (b) Japan (c) Russia (d) USA Previous year UPSC Mains Question Covering similar theme: 📍The scourge of terrorism is a grave challenge to national security. What solutions do you suggest to curb this growing menace? What are the major sources of terrorist funding? (2017) GOVT & POLITICS Cash row: 1985 Act empowers us to call in-house inquiry, SC tells Justice Varma Syllabus: Preliminary Examination: Indian Polity and Governance Main Examination: General Studies II: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government and their role in the Polity. What's the ongoing story: The Supreme Court Wednesday reserved decision on Allahabad High Court judge Justice Yashwant Varma's plea challenging the in-house inquiry ordered by the Chief Justice of India over allegations of cash discovery from his official residence in Delhi, and remarked orally that The Judges (Protection) Act, 1985, 'empowers' the top court to order such a probe 'for maintaining institutional integrity'. Key Points to Ponder: • Who is Justice Yashwant Varma? • Why Justice Yashwant Varma is in news? • What is the Judges (Protection) Act, 1985? • What you know about Justice Varma case? • Discuss the significance of judicial accountability in ensuring the independence of the judiciary in India. • The Justice Varma case highlights what? • The judiciary is expected to remain impartial and independent of political influence—analyse judicial appointments and removals impact this independence. • How a Sitting Judge Can Be Removed From Office? • What is the Procedure for Removal of a Judge in India? • What is Impeachment? • What are the constitutional provisions and procedures governing the impeachment of High court judges? • The process of impeachment of a judge of the Supreme Court is laid down in Article 124(4) of the Constitution of India-True or false? • What Article 218 of the Constitution of India says? • What are the Grounds of Impeachment? • What role do parliamentary Houses and presiding officers play in the impeachment of High court judges? Key Takeaways: • Justice Dipankar Datta, presiding over a two-judge bench which heard Justice Yashwant Varma's plea, pointed to Section 3(2) of the Act. 'Nothing in sub-section (1) shall debar or affect in any manner the power of the Central Government or the State Government or the Supreme Court of India or any High Court or any other authority under any law for the time being in force to take such action (whether by way of civil, criminal, or departmental proceedings or otherwise) against any person who is or was a Judge.' • The bench, also comprising Justice A G Masih, made it clear that the remit of the in-house inquiry panel was not to find out who the cash discovered at Justice Varma's house during an accidental fire belonged to. 'Why do you want to invite us to the report, whether it's your money or not? That was not the remit of the committee,' Justice Datta told Senior Advocate Kapil Sibal, who appeared for Justice Varma. • Justice Datta said the term 'otherwise' appearing in the 1985 Act 'has to be given some meaning.' 'It means a non-punitive proceeding which is contemplated by the in-house procedure for maintaining the institutional integrity. And, therefore, this 'otherwise', other than the judgements, empowers the Supreme Court of India to direct this in-house inquiry.' Do You Know: Shashank Maheshwari Writes: • The judiciary forms one of the three pillars of a democracy and derives its authority from the Constitution. The outdated notion of legislative supremacy has now been replaced: The Supreme Court in Keshav Singh vs Speaker, Legislative Assembly (1965) and People's Union For Civil Liberties vs Union of India (2005) recognised that the Constitution is supreme. The Constitution provides strong safeguards for judicial independence, including security of tenure, fixed salaries charged to the Consolidated Fund, protection from discussion in legislatures, and immunity under laws like the Judges (Protection) Act, 1985. Provisions for the removal of high court and SC judges by Parliament on grounds of 'proven misbehaviour' or 'incapacity' under Articles 124 and 217 create an accountability mechanism. • Under Article 124(5), Parliament enacted the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968, which provides the procedures to investigate judicial misconduct. Further, on May 7, 1997, the SC's Full Court adopted the 'Restatement of Values of Judicial Life'. It authorises the Chief Justice to constitute an in-house committee to investigate allegations against judges of the higher judiciary. This was recognised in C Ravichandran Iyer vs Justice A M Bhattacharjee (1995). • While drafting the Judges Inquiry Bill, 1964 under Article 124(5), eminent legal figures like C K Daphtary and G S Pathak emphasised that complaints against judges should originate from MPs, not the executive, and be submitted to the Speaker or Chairman. If accepted, a three-member judicial committee would investigate the charges. Other Important Articles Covering the same topic: 📍Who is Justice Yashwant Varma, the Delhi HC judge in middle of 'cash recovered at home' row? EXPRESS NETWORK Sacred Buddhist Piprahwa gemstones, put up for auction, repatriated to India after 127 years Syllabus: Preliminary Examination: History of India Main Examination: General Studies I: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times. What's the ongoing story: Jewels forming a portion of the sacred Piprahwa relics of the Buddha, which had recently come up for auction at Sotheby's Hong Kong, were repatriated to India on Wednesday, 127 years after they were taken away during colonial rule. Key Points to Ponder: • What are the Piprahwa relics of Buddha? • What are the Piprahwa gems? • What the controversy is about? • What is the significance of the Piprahwa gem repatriation? • Know the role of public private partnerships such as that between the Indian government and Godrej Industries in securing cultural artefacts. • What are the strengths and possible limitations of public private partnerships model for heritage diplomacy? Key Takeaways: • Prime Minister Narendra Modi said in a post on X: 'It would make every Indian proud that the sacred Piprahwa relics of Bhagwan Buddha have come home after 127 long years. These sacred relics highlight India's close association with Bhagwan Buddha and his noble teachings. It also illustrates our commitment to preserving and protecting different aspects of our glorious culture.' • The relics were discovered during the excavation of an ancient Buddhist stupa in Uttar Pradesh's Piprahwa, near the India-Nepal border. They hold immense religious and cultural importance for the Buddhist community. • Besides the ornaments and gemstones that appeared for auction, the Piprawaha tranche comprises bone fragments believed to be that of the Buddha, along with soapstone and crystal caskets, and a sandstone coffer. • The other portions of the Piprahwa relics have been held in the vaults of Kolkata's Indian Museum since 1898. These will also be displayed at an exhibition in Delhi's National Museum along with the repatriated gems. • The gemstones, meanwhile, became part of the private collection of William Claxton Peppé, who had conducted the excavation. His grandson and heir Chris Peppé put them up for auction through Sotheby's Hong Kong. Do You Know: • Pirojsha Godrej of Godrej Industries Group stepped forward to acquire the collection of 349 jewels, officials from the Ministry of Culture told reporters Wednesday. The value of the transaction was not disclosed but the collection is estimated to be worth over $100 million. • With this unconventional move by allowing a private industrialist to step in and get back the sacred relics, right from Hong Kong which has a huge Chinese influence, the government has reaffirmed India's bid to establish itself as the birthplace of Buddhism vis-à-vis China. The move also allowed the government to not get into a commercial transaction for the relics, which would have raised ethical issues. Other Important Articles Covering the same topic: 📍Ministry of Culture Takes Steps to Halt Auction of Piprahwa Relics by Sotheby's Hong Kong EXPLAINED The Kamchatka quakes Syllabus: Preliminary Examination: Indian and World Geography-Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World. Mains Examination: General Studies I: Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes. What's the ongoing story: An 8.8 magnitude earthquake, one of the strongest on record, struck the Kamchatka Peninsula, in Russia's far-east, about 6,500 km east of Moscow, on Wednesday morning, triggering a tsunami that struck several countries on both sides of the northern Pacific Ocean. Key Points to Ponder: • Map Work-Kamchatka Peninsula • Map Work-Earthquake-prone areas in India and in the World • Map Work-Mark Circum-Pacific Belt • Earthquake zones in World-Know in detail • Circum-Pacific Belt and Earthquake-Connect the dot • Where and when did the earthquake occur? • What is called Ring of Fire? • What does the Ring of Fire have to do with Kamchatka Peninsula? • Why does the earth shake when there is an earthquake? • What are the Major and Minor Plates? • The movement of the tectonic plates creates three types of tectonic boundaries-What are they? • Why earthquakes remain unpredictable? • What exactly causes earthquakes? • Can earthquakes be predicted? • What is focus or seismic focus of Earthquake? • What is epicentre of Earthquake? • The intensity of earthquake is highest in the epicentre and decreases as one moves away-True or False? • What is continental drift and how does it differ from plate tectonics? • Do shallow earthquakes cause greater damage? • What are the pre disaster measures taken to manage earthquake disaster? • What is post-disaster management of earthquakes? • What is it about an earthquake that causes a tsunami? • What is a tsunami? Key Takeaways: • The tsunami generated waves as high as 3-4 metres in the Kamchatka Peninsula and some other places, about five feet in Hawaii, and about two feet in Japan. Flooding and damage were reported from several places, but no lives were lost. • The earthquake in Kamchatka was the strongest since the 9.1 magnitude quake that had struck Japan in 2011. That quake too had caused a major tsunami which then led to the nuclear disaster at Fukushima. • Wednesday's event was rare — only five earthquakes of magnitude 8.5 and above have occurred in the past 20 years — but it occurred in a region that is one of the most earthquake prone in the world. Do You Know: • Kamchatka Peninsula lies on the Circum-Pacific seismic belt, more popularly known as the 'Ring of Fire', that witnesses the maximum number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions on Earth. • This seismically active belt encircles almost the entire Pacific Ocean — on its eastern side is the western coast of the Americas, and on its western side lies the Far East and Oceania. It touches countries like the United States, Mexico, Chile, Peru, New Zealand, Australia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Japan and Russia. • According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the Ring of Fire accounts for more than 80% of the planet's largest earthquakes. The biggest recorded earthquake, of magnitude 9.5 in Chile in 1960, occurred in this belt, and so did a magnitude 9.2 event in Alaska in 1964. In fact, each of the 23 events of 8-plus magnitude recorded in the last 20 years have happened along this seismic belt. • The nearly 2,000-km long region extending from Kamchatka Peninsula in the north to northern Japan in the south, and including the volcanically-active Kuril Islands of Russia, has witnessed more than 130 earthquake events of 7-plus magnitude since 1900, USGS data show. In 1952, this region even recorded a magnitude 9 earthquake. • The Circum-Pacific seismic belt is home to multiple subduction processes, in which the Pacific tectonic plate is clashing against continental land. • Subduction is a geological process in which one tectonic plate — put simply, a large section of the Earth's crust — presses against another. Usually, the heavier or denser plate, that is, the one with more mass per unit of area, tends to go below the lighter plate. But this process results in deformities and creates a huge stress at the plate boundaries. It is this stress that is released in the form of earthquakes. Other Important Articles Covering the same topic: 📍Massive 8.8 quake hits Russia, tsunami waves reach Japan, Hawaii, California For any queries and feedback, contact Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter. Stay updated with the latest UPSC articles by joining our Telegram channel – IndianExpress UPSC Hub, and follow us on Instagram and X. Priya Kumari Shukla is a Senior Copy Editor in the Indian Express (digital). She contributes to the UPSC Section of Indian Express (digital) and started niche initiatives such as UPSC Key, UPSC Ethics Simplified, and The 360° UPSC Debate. The UPSC Key aims to assist students and aspirants in their preparation for the Civil Services and other competitive examinations. It provides valuable guidance on effective strategies for reading and comprehending newspaper content. The 360° UPSC Debate tackles a topic from all perspectives after sorting through various publications. The chosen framework for the discussion is structured in a manner that encompasses both the arguments in favour and against the topic, ensuring comprehensive coverage of many perspectives. Prior to her involvement with the Indian Express, she had affiliations with a non-governmental organisation (NGO) as well as several coaching and edutech enterprises. In her prior professional experience, she was responsible for creating and refining material in various domains, including article composition and voiceover video production. She has written in-house books on many subjects, including modern India, ancient Indian history, internal security, international relations, and the Indian economy. She has more than eight years of expertise in the field of content writing. Priya holds a Master's degree in Electronic Science from the University of Pune as well as an Executive Programme in Public Policy and Management (EPPPM) from the esteemed Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, widely recognised as one of the most prestigious business schools in India. She is also an alumni of Jamia Milia Islamia University Residential Coaching Academy (RCA). Priya has made diligent efforts to engage in research endeavours, acquiring the necessary skills to effectively examine and synthesise facts and empirical evidence prior to presenting their perspective. Priya demonstrates a strong passion for reading, particularly in the genres of classical Hindi, English, Maithili, and Marathi novels and novellas. Additionally, she possessed the distinction of being a cricket player at the national level. Qualification, Degrees / other achievements: Master's degree in Electronic Science from University of Pune and Executive Programme in Public Policy and Management (EPPPM) from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta ... Read More
Indian Express
17 hours ago
- Indian Express
Walkie-talkies, not cell phones: How robbers tried to evade detection but were still caught by police
When Pimpri Chinchwad police launched a probe after a elderly businessman was robbed at gunpoint at his residence by armed assailants who had tied and gagged him, one detail stood out—there was an unusual absence of mobile activity. After analysing CCTV footage across a staggering 1,200 kilometres upto Rajasthan to arrest the suspects, they finally uncovered the reason—the robbers had used walkie-talkies to communicate with each other. The 76-year-old businessman was robbed at gunpoint at his residence in Nigdi Pradhikaran by armed assailants who had stormed the house on the night of July 19 before tying and gagging him. They had also locked his domestic help's family in the outhouse and fled with gold ornaments and valuables worth over Rs 6 lakh. An FIR was registered at Nigdi police station by the victim Chandrabhan Chhoteram Agarwal, a resident of Nigdi Pradhikaran, following which the Nigdi police and Pimpri Chinchwad police's crime branch launched a joint probe. As part of the initial probe, the investigation teams scanned through over 200 CCTV cameras in the area. The first breakthrough came in when the police team zeroed in one particular car and ascertained that it belonged to the suspects. The police team then traced the route taken by the car for 1,200 kilometers to Jaipur in Rajasthan. On July 24, the police team arrested the first suspect identified as Suresh Laduram Dhaka (29), a notorious criminal with 21 prior cases including attempted murder and armed robberies in Rajasthan and Gujarat. Dhaka was arrested from Shyamnagar in Jaipur. From him, the police recovered jewellery of the victim's wife, her Aadhaar card, the victim's wallet along with four walkie talkie sets. 'When we launched a probe, there was an unusual absence of cell phone activity from the location. We solved that puzzle when we recovered the walkie talkies from the suspect. They had been using walkie talkies among themselves to avoid getting detected,' said an officer who is part of the probe. Subsequent to leads obtained from Dhaka, the police team zeroed in on another suspect—Mahipal Ramlal Bishnoi (19), a native of Jodhpur but currently working at Vadgaon Maval in Pune district. Bishnoi was arrested on July 27 from Talegaon area of Pune. Police have launched a manhunt for four more suspects including a woman, who has been identified as part of the investigation. Sushant Kulkarni is a Special Correspondent with The Indian Express in Pune with 12+ years of experience covering issues related to Crime, Defence, Internal Security and Courts. He has been associated with the Indian Express since July 2010. Sushant has extensively reported on law and order issues of Pune and surrounding area, Cyber crime, narcotics trade and terrorism. His coverage in the Defence beat includes operational aspects of the three services, the defence research and development and issues related to key defence establishments. He has covered several sensitive cases in the courts at Pune. Sushant is an avid photographer, plays harmonica and loves cooking. ... Read More
Indian Express
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- Politics
- Indian Express
Revisiting Chola dynasty and Rajendra I's achievements: Insights into governance, society, architecture, and more
UPSC Issue at a Glance is an initiative by UPSC Essentials aimed at streamlining your UPSC Current Affairs preparation for the prelims and mains examinations by focusing on issues making headlines. Every Thursday, cover a new topic in a lucid way. This week, we explain to you the Chola dynasty from a broader perspective. Let's get started. If you missed the previous UPSC Issue at a Glance | Mangroves in focus: Understanding significance, threats and conservation from the Indian Express, read it here. Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Gangaikonda Cholapuram in Ariyalur district, which was once the Chola capital, on July 27 to unveil a commemorative coin and inaugurate an exhibition on Rajendra Chola's northern conquest. The Union Ministry of Culture also hosted a four-day festival in the town commemorating 1,000 years of Rajendra Chola's maritime expedition to Southeast Asia and the commencement of the construction of the Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple. In this context, let's take a closer look at key aspects of the Chola dynasty and the legacy of Chola emperor Rajendra I. (Relevance: UPSC Syllabus General Studies-I: Indian Heritage and Culture, History , Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.) The Cholas are considered as one of the longest recorded dynasties in world history. The earliest references to the Cholas date as far back as the third century BCE and appear in the inscriptions of Mauryan emperor Ashoka. However, very little evidence exists about the early Cholas, apart from the early Tamil literature of the third Sangam and the references made about them in an ancient Graeco-Roman periplus written in the early centuries of the Common Era. After a long eclipse, the Chola Empire emerged sometime in the mid-ninth century under King Vijayalaya Chola. The successors of Vijayalaya conquered neighbouring regions, and the kingdom grew in size and power. The Pandyan and the Pallava territories to the south and north were made part of this kingdom. Notably, Rajaraja I, born to King Parantaka II in 947 CE, is considered the most powerful Chola ruler. Records from copper plate inscriptions have revealed that upon his birth, he was named Arulmozhivarman. Upon accession to the throne in 985 CE, he adopted the regnal title 'Rajaraja' or king of kings. At the time he came to power, Rajaraja I had inherited a tiny kingdom centred around the Thanjavur-Tiruchirapalli region that was still recovering from the disasters of the Rashtrakuta invasions. Under the new king, though, imperial expansions of the Cholas took a whole new turn. The doyen of South Indian history, Nilakanta Sastri, has written in his book The Cholas (1955) that the first military achievement of Rajaraja I's reign was the campaign in the Kerala region. Under his rule, the Chola Empire expanded all along the eastern coast, up to Kalinga in the north. The Cholas soon gained the upper hand over the Pandyas, who were another great dynasty in the Tamil region at the time and one of their biggest rivals. Consequently, the Cholas emerged as the primary power in the northern and eastern parts of the Tamil country. Yet another hallmark of the rule of Rajaraja I was the predominance of maritime trade. Over the next 10 years, Rajaraja I established himself as one of the most astute and sharp political leaders to have emerged in South India. He managed to take over all Pandya territories and then moved to Sri Lanka, where he ransacked several Buddhist Viharas and built Shiva temples in their place to establish the reign of the Cholas. Sastri, in his book, mentions that by the end of his rule, the Chola kingdom had grown ' to be an extensive and well-knit empire efficiently organised and administered, rich in resources, possessed of a powerful standing army, well-tried and equal to the greatest enterprises.' The personal abilities of Rajaraja I laid the foundation for the achievements of his son and successor, Rajendra Chola, also known as Rajendra the Great. Rajendra had inherited an extensive empire comprising the whole of present-day Chennai and Andhra Pradesh and parts of Mysuru and Sri Lanka. He had benefited from a well-established, powerful bureaucracy, a strong army, and a flourishing trade system. Sastri in his book noted that 'during the thirty-three years of his reign, Rajendra turned these initial advantages to the best possible use and succeeded in raising the Chola Empire to the position of the most extensive and most respected Hindu state of the time, and one which possessed though perhaps only for a time a not inconsiderable dominion over the Malay Peninsula and the Eastern Archipelago.' The Chola kingdom stretched across present-day Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and parts of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. During the Cholas' rise and fall (around the 9th to 12th centuries AD), other powerful dynasties also emerged and declined in the region, such as the Rashtrakutas of the Deccan, who at times defeated the Cholas, and the Chalukyas of the Andhra region, with whom the Cholas frequently engaged in battle. At the peak of their rule in the ninth and tenth centuries, the entire area south of the Tungabhadra River was brought together as a single unit under the Cholas. They were perhaps the only dynasty from Southern India to have moved north, marching into Eastern India, where Rajendra Chola is known to have defeated the Pala king Mahipala of Pataliputra. They were also the first empire with grand commercial and territorial ambitions outside of the Indian subcontinent. The Chola dynasty left many stone inscriptions and copper plate records, which have become key sources for understanding their history in recent decades. Archeometallurgist Sharada Srinivasan in conversation with Adrija Roychowdhury of The Indian Express suggested that, 'There is a profusion of inscriptions that give meticulous details about administration, social life, and material culture… The Brihadeshwara Temple alone that was consecrated in 1010 CE by Rajaraja I has nearly a hundred inscriptions.' Regarding the local administration, the Chola copper plate mentions the following entities involved in executing land grants: Nattar, Brahmadeyakkilavar, Devadana, Palliccanda, Kanimurruttu, Vettapperu-Urkalilar, and Nagarattar. Nattars were the representatives of nadu (locality). The brahmadeyakkilavars were the brahmana donees of brahmadeya (lands given to the brahmanas). Nagarattars comprised the trading community and belonged to the nagaram (settlement of a group of traders). Devadana, palliccanda, kavimurruttu, and Vettaperu have been identified as a tax-free village. As a constituent of administrative structuring the nadu was important, but it incorporated and represented the urs (vellanvagai villages). Thus, in the territorial sphere, nadu comprised vellanvagai villages. Nattars were the important members (landholders) of the nadu (locality). There are very few inscriptions related to the vellanvagai villages. It seems that the ur being the common populace represented the section that was not literate. However, the inscriptional evidence related to Ur, which is found in the temples, is attributed to literate groups. The functions of the ur included: supervision of village lands viz. activities related to sale, purchase and gift. An important prerequisite for becoming a member of the ur was to be a holder of land. Nadu: a locality consisting of many settlements, in early medieval south India Nagaram: market or commercial centre in early medieval south Induia Nagarattar: the corporate organization of the nagaram. Nattar: leading men of the nadu in early medieval south India Mandapika: a local entre of exchange, in between small periodic markets and larger trade entres. Various kinds of taxes existed in the Chola dynasty. NCERT textbook mentions, 'The inscriptions of the Cholas who ruled in Tamil Nadu refer to more than 400 terms for different kinds of taxes. The most frequently mentioned tax is vetti, taken not in cash but in the form of forced labour, and kadamai, or land revenue. There were also taxes on thatching the house, the use of a ladder to climb palm trees, a cess on succession to family property, etc.' Alongside this complex taxation system, temples played a crucial role in the Chola economy and society, acting as hubs that supported both religious and everyday life. Temples were the nuclei of settlements which grew around them. These were centres of craft production. Temples were also endowed with land by rulers as well as by others. The produce of this land went into maintaining all the specialists who worked at the temple and very often lived near it – priests, garland makers, cooks, sweepers, musicians, dancers, etc. In other words, temples were not only places of worship; they were the centres of economic, social and cultural life. While temples anchored the Chola economy and society on land, their naval strength extended their influence far beyond the subcontinent. Their naval might, allowed them to go as far as Malaysia and the Sumatra islands of Indonesia in their conquests. While the extent of this domination is disputed, the Cholas had strong ties with merchant groups and this allowed them to undertake impressive naval expeditions, historian Anirudh Kanisetti told The Indian Express. Maintaining a strong army and naval resources made sense for the Cholas, because, 'The period from 9th to 10th century was a violent time, where kingdoms would go to war with each other frequently,' he added. Chola's naval power can also be seen in the invasion of Anuradhapura in 993 CE by them. 'Anuradhapura, a Ceylonese political and religious capital that flourished for 1,300 years, was abandoned after an invasion in 993 CE. Hidden away in dense jungle for many years, the splendid site, with its palaces, monasteries and monuments, is now accessible once again,' the UNESCO website says. Notably, Anuradhapura is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Chola art and architecture make it one of the most prominent and culturally rich dynasties in Indian history. Archaeometallurgist Sharada Srinivasan in conversation with the Adrija Roychowdhury of The Indian Express suggests that in 'terms of the scale of accomplishments in art and architecture and the wealth of writing and epigraphic records, the Cholas would come across as one of the richest dynasties in South Indian history.' The large volume of unique art and architectural feats left behind by Cholas well represents the wealth and prominence attained by them. A number of stone shrines associated with the Chola dynasty stand in the Kaveri basin, between the historical regions of Tondaimandalam and Madurai. Their territory is widely recognised as Cōl̥amaṇḍalam, 'the land of the Cholas'. From the 10th century onward, the Cholas prominently started making structural temples. A standard Chola temple was configured along an east-west axis, consisting of an entry hall (mukhamaṇḍapa), a pillared hall (ardhamaṇḍapa), a vestibule (antarāl̥a), and a sanctum (garbhagṛha) sheltered by a Tamil Draviḍa–style superstructure. Sculptures in stone and bronze, and murals adorned the exteriors and interiors of the Chola temples. However, they lacked the rhythm and flexibility of the early corpus, partly because of their large dimension. The sculptural remains in various media were not only aesthetic and religious in nature but also carried strong political connotations. As Devdutt Pattanaik writes in The Indian Express, 'Around the 10th Century Chola period, the bronze Natarajas emerged, mobile sculptures that are made using the lost wax method. Recent research has shown that the copper for these came from Sri Lanka which is possibly why the Cholas constantly fought with Sri Lanka formerly called Thambapanni, the copper land.' Additionally, the Chola era also saw some notable works in literature. Notable texts, including Periapuranam, Virasoliyam, and Jivaka-chintamani, were produced, alongside significant contributions in grammar and epic poetry. Poets like Kamban, Jayamkondar, and Ottakuttan flourished, and major grammatical works like Nannul were written. Three royal temples – the Tanjore Brihadēśvara, Gangaikoṇḍacōl̥apuram, and Darasuram Airavatēśvara – built between the 11th and 12th centuries CE, are the finest examples of the Cholas' artistic brilliance. These temples were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as the 'Great Living Chola Temples' in 1987. These state temples were laid out in a manner that they served as focal points of their capitals. These shrines not only outweigh the earlier shrines in terms of their spatial elaboration, but also in their overwhelming monumentality. Tanjore Brihadēśvara Rājarāja's Brihadēśvara temple at Tanjore of the 11th century CE is constructed on elevated ground encircled by a moat. It consists of a mukhamaṇḍapa (entry hall), an ardhamaṇḍapa (pillared hall), an antarāl̥a (vestibule), a two-levelled shrine with a circumambulatory path, and a fourteen-tiered tower, originally crowned by a gold-plated stupi (finial), and a copper kalaśa. The vimana (shrine plus superstructure) of the Brihadēśvara measures approximately 60 metres, twice the size of its predecessors. The large courtyard also features a Nandi maṇḍapa, two large gopurams (gateways) of three and five storeys, topped by a barrel-vaulted roof (śālā), the now absent brick palace of Rājarāja – which was once connected to the main temple on the north – and the allied shrine of Candēśvara. In its transition from the Pallava tradition, where gopurams served as an entrance to the temple complex, the Brihadēśvara gopurams began reflecting the aesthetics of the shrine and eventually surpassed them in size. The Brihadēśvara temple is also called Rājarājēśvaram-uṭaiyar after its patron king. It features 38 depictions of Śiva as Tripurāntaka, the four-armed, bow-wielding cosmic warrior. Of these, 37 are stone sculptures, and one is a mural. These are located on the two-storey walls, base, and gopuram of the temple. Gangaikoṇḍacōl̥apuram The Gangaikonda Cholapuram Shiva temple is often considered the pinnacle of Chola architecture, a triumphant declaration of the might and magnificence of an empire that at its peak stretched from near the banks of the Ganga in north India to parts of Sumatra, Malaysia, and Myanmar. Rājarāja's heir, Rajendra Chola I, who reigned for 30 years (1014 to 1044 AD), built Gangaikonda Cholapuram as his capital after his Army marched right up to the Ganga river, defeating the Pala kingdom of Bengal, and returned victorious. In this new town, he built a grand water tank and a Śiva temple similar in form to Tanjore Brihadēśvara. The tank, Cholagangam, was meant to be a 'Ganga-jalamayam jayasthambham', or 'a liquid pillar of victory'. Notably, where the Tanjore Brihadēśvara temple has a straight, proud tower rising up, the Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple has softer lines and curves, proclaiming more assured power and the luxury of beauty and grace. The temple today is the site of the annual Aadi Thiruvadhirai festival. Aadi is the name of the month, and Thiruvadhirai is a nakshatra (arrangement of stars and planets) linked to Lord Shiva, also believed to be the king's birth star. Traditionally, the festival involves therukoothu or road shows enacting Rajendra I's achievements. The king's statue is offered new silk robes. Darasuram Airavatēśvara The Airavatesvara temple, situated in Darasuram near Kumbakonam, was built in the 12th century CE by Rajaraja Chola II. Architecture, sculptures, paintings, bronze casting – the temple reflects the rich cultural heritage of the Chola dynasty. The temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is named after 'Airavat', the majestic white elephant of Lord Indra. Built in the Dravidian architectural style, the maṇḍapa of temple features several Tripurāntaka images on its walls, pillars, and base. This temple, ingeniously conceived in the form of a chariot (rathamaṇḍapa), features the Tripurāntaka imagery and myth. The entire temple complex is filled with rich carvings and inscriptions that narrate stories from ancient Indian Puranas. Another important part of the temple is the musical steps. These 7 singing steps that lead to the altar are intricately carved and represent seven musical notes. Prime Minister Narendra Modi on July 27 unveiled a commemorative coin and inaugurated an exhibition on Rajendra Chola's northern conquest. Rajendra I, the maritime monarch of the Chola dynasty, inherited a powerful kingdom from his father Rajaraja I and expansion of the Chola empire continued under him. To commemorate his successful northern expedition, Rajendra Chola, also known as Rajendra the Great or Gangaikonda Chola (the Chola who conquered Ganga), established Gangaikonda Cholapuram and ceremonially poured Ganges water brought back by his army into a vast man-made reservoir known as the Cholagangam tank, locally referred to as Ponneri. After establishing his dominance within India, Rajendra Chola I then led several successful maritime campaigns, extending the boundaries of his empire and the reputation of his dynasty as one of the foremost Naval powers of India. He has campaigns from the Ganga to Suvarnadwipa (an ancient term for islands in Southeast Asia, including Java and Sumatra) that turned the Cholas into a pan-Asian maritime empire. Arun Janardhanan of The Indian Express explains Rajendra I's naval expedition: 'In 1025 CE, he launched a naval expedition against the Srivijaya empire, targeting present-day Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand to assert trade dominance over the Malacca Strait. As historian Hermann Kulke has observed in Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa, the campaign was not a sporadic act of aggression but a deliberate assertion of maritime dominance and prestige.' Rajendra was also one of the only Indian monarchs to conquer territory outside the Indian subcontinent. In 1025 CE, he sent a naval expedition to Indochina, the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia. His expansion to Southeast Asia was crucial in establishing trade and cultural links with the region. Hence, influence of the Cholas can be seen in language and society of large parts of Southeast Asia as well. The deification of kings in Cambodia and Thailand as incarnations of Brahmanical Gods, for instance, is a most evident imprint of the Cholas. Prelims 1. Which Chola King returned with the water of the Ganga to sanctify and commemorate his victory at a new capital in his homeland, called Gangaikondacholapuram, after his successful campaign in the north? (a) Rajaraja I (b) Rajaraja II (c) Rajendra I (d) Rajendra II 2. Which of the following parts of a temple structure is not correctly matched? (a) entry hall : mukhamaṇḍapa (b) pillared hall : ardhamaṇḍapa (c) vestibule : gopuram (d) sanctum : garbhagṛha 3. Which of the following temples of South India is known as Dakshina Meru? (a) Kailasanathar Temple at Kanchipuram (b) Airavatesvara temple at Tanjavur (c) Brihadisvara temple at Gangaikondacholapuram (d) Brihadisvara temple at Tanjavur Mains Chola architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of temple architecture. Discuss. (UPSC CSE 2013) (Sources: PM Modi at Gangaikonda Cholapuram, How successful were the Cholas as empire builders, Ponniyin Selvan:1 puts focus on Cholas: what happened during their rule?, Why Chola architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of temple, NCERT, . Rajaraja I and Rajendra Chola, Art and Culture with Devdutt Pattanaik | What sculptures tell us about Indian culture) Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter. Stay updated with the latest UPSC articles by joining our Telegram channel – Indian Express UPSC Hub, and follow us on Instagram and X. 🚨 Click Here to read the UPSC Essentials magazine for July 2025. Share your views and suggestions in the comment box or at Roshni Yadav is a Deputy Copy Editor with The Indian Express. She is an alumna of the University of Delhi and Jawaharlal Nehru University, where she pursued her graduation and post-graduation in Political Science. She has over five years of work experience in ed-tech and media. At The Indian Express, she writes for the UPSC section. Her interests lie in national and international affairs, governance, economy, and social issues. You can contact her via email: ... Read More
