How Africa can foster sustainable diplomacy amidst global trade tensions
Ashraf Patel
The abrupt exit of Donald Trump from the G7 Summit in Canada, without having side meetings with Global South leaders from South Africa, India et al, and this week's NATO Summit where core nations committed to a 5% of GDP spending on Defence amidst Trump tariffs has cemented 'nationalism as the new normal.'
Meanwhile, 9 July is a key date when Trump tariffs kick in and will further erode African nations - who face high costs of capital and many face social conflicts amidst multiple cost of living crises facing the continent. In this context, South Africa should develop a smart agile and sustainable diplomacy rooted in both national interest and continental solidarity.
Traditional blocks and alliances are no longer viable for middle powers. It is thus imperative that South Africa needs to craft a more nuanced trade and investment-people partnership to address its sagging economy and deep-seated structural problems such as unemployment, inequality, hunger and digital deficits.
The recent announcement by China to accept duty-free access for 53 African nations is a huge boost that can promote exports and preserve jobs - but trade facilitation and meeting product standards will be crucial to leverage these opportunities. Both China and India offer a market of hundreds of millions of consumers that African exporters can tap into.
Russia and the St Petersburg Economic Forum
In early June Deputy President attended the 28th St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Russia's second-largest city.
This year's forum, "Shared Values: The Foundation of Growth in a Multipolar World attracted nearly 20,000 representatives from 140 countries and regions and heads of several international organizations. Russia has managed GDP growth and currency reserves despite sanctions and war and is the Gateway to Eurasia. This forum is held when the global economy is facing severe challenges. It is a platform for issues ranging from accelerating digitalization to addressing climate change and formulating specific, practical solutions that can adapt the global economy to new conditions.
The forum included more than 150 events, with entrepreneurs from Russia, China, the United States, Türkiye, Brazil, Vietnam, India, Iran, the United Arab Emirates and Africa.
Southern Africa, SACU and AFCFTA expansion
Our Southern African region comprises over 300 million citizens with huge trade and development potential. AFCFTA has been operational for five years but trade is negligible. Trade facilitation capacity and product quality support are needed as well as tech transfer. As the G20 host nation South Africa needs a new trade and investment package rooted in SADC industrialisation and energy plans. Smart tariffs would be needed with SACU nations Lesotho, Swaziland and Botswana. However, South Africa Inc.'s story in Africa has been that of a 'regional hegemon exploiting the rest of Africa', especially in mining and retail.
Can a new AFCFTA be possible? One rooted in fair trade, solidarity and the SDG model with smaller nations? Here responsible diplomacy is needed beyond rhetoric.
France and its commitments to Multilateralism and SDGs agenda
In the current geopolitical situation, France is ensuring multilateralism and UN norms are adhered to. President Macron's stated position on advancing the two-state solution for Palestine will go a long way in ensuring a peaceful settlement. The Paris AI Safety Summit in February with France committing to a progressive vision for AI rooted in sustainability, inclusion and addressing inequality is progressive and aligned to UN and G20 commitments.
The annual Paris Peace Conference is a global platform providing the world with a plethora of progressive ideas -and solutions on a range of key global issues for dialogue.
At a bilateral level, a visit to France in early June saw Deputy President Paul Mashile deepen partnerships in areas of investment, development infrastructure, energy and technology.
Indonesia, Malaysia and the ASEAN bloc
ASEAN nations Indonesia and Malaysia nations offer enormous opportunities. With a population of 250 million, this is a major opportunity in trade especially in small business developments, exports, tourism and culture.
Canada and Australia - progressive Commonwealth nations with common values
Canada and Australia are fellow Commonwealth nations that currently have progressive governments in power with a deep commitment to multilateralism. Australia's Labour leader and Prime Minister Albanese is an example of smart diplomacy and managing a 'strategic autonomy' balance with major powers in the Asia Pacific region, China and the EU. His domestic agenda is rooted in progressive social policies from climate change to social cohesion. For example, the smartphone ban in Australian schools is seen as a game-changer in regulating social media and youth, a policy Africans can learn from.
Canada too has a range of commitments to development aid and investments in skills development across Africa. Both nations are major investors in mining in Africa and committed to the sustainable mining agenda, although much more can be done in terms of human rights and mining.
Solidarity and Sustainability in Latin America
In Colombia President Gustavo Petro has showed the way of solidarity and banned coal exports to Isreal. The city of Bogota is known to be a model city in terms of urban transport and spatial transformation, something South African metros can draw upon.
Chile a progressive social democracy and once a poster child of Chicago-style neoliberalism, now has a solid social democracy increasing well-being and wealth social safety nets, and higher education access.
Here South Africa can learn much on how to manage the headwinds of neoliberalism and ensure our eroding social agenda is preserved.
Bolivia's socialist government is maturing and learning to be in government. South Africa has cordial relations for two decades. With large reserves in lithium and being in the headwinds of large power competition for resource extractions, South Africa and African nations can better engage Bolivia and Latin American nations in the big development ideas on resource governance and the beneficiation of critical minerals for development, trade and the UN SDG sustainable agenda.
While Trump 2.0 tariffs have severely disrupted African nations, neighbours Canada and Mexico, we can learn from Cuba, who for decades have endured the illegal US blockade yet managed to maintain their sovereignty and continue to advance their historical mission and revolution.
By contrast, our current tariff challenges are merely a 'walk in the park'. Hence, internationalism and solidarity should still be a core feature of foreign policy while also being smart in navigating partnerships with a diverse range of nations across continents regardless of ideological blocs.
However, in order to navigate the 'new nationalist normal' in this chaotic trade geopolitics nexus calls for a new generation of smart and agile diplomats. Smart and sustainable diplomacy and outreach are required by our embassies, chambers of commerce as well as academic institutes and civil society towards a more calibrated trade, investment, solidarity and people-to-people partnerships. We may do well to establish Bi-National Commissions with some of these nations.
* Ashraf Patel is a Senior Research Associate at the Institute for Global Dialogue, UNISA.
** The views expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of IOL, Independent Media or The African.
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Ashraf Patel The abrupt exit of Donald Trump from the G7 Summit in Canada, without having side meetings with Global South leaders from South Africa, India et al, and this week's NATO Summit where core nations committed to a 5% of GDP spending on Defence amidst Trump tariffs has cemented 'nationalism as the new normal.' Meanwhile, 9 July is a key date when Trump tariffs kick in and will further erode African nations - who face high costs of capital and many face social conflicts amidst multiple cost of living crises facing the continent. In this context, South Africa should develop a smart agile and sustainable diplomacy rooted in both national interest and continental solidarity. Traditional blocks and alliances are no longer viable for middle powers. 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Russia has managed GDP growth and currency reserves despite sanctions and war and is the Gateway to Eurasia. This forum is held when the global economy is facing severe challenges. It is a platform for issues ranging from accelerating digitalization to addressing climate change and formulating specific, practical solutions that can adapt the global economy to new conditions. The forum included more than 150 events, with entrepreneurs from Russia, China, the United States, Türkiye, Brazil, Vietnam, India, Iran, the United Arab Emirates and Africa. Southern Africa, SACU and AFCFTA expansion Our Southern African region comprises over 300 million citizens with huge trade and development potential. AFCFTA has been operational for five years but trade is negligible. Trade facilitation capacity and product quality support are needed as well as tech transfer. As the G20 host nation South Africa needs a new trade and investment package rooted in SADC industrialisation and energy plans. Smart tariffs would be needed with SACU nations Lesotho, Swaziland and Botswana. However, South Africa Inc.'s story in Africa has been that of a 'regional hegemon exploiting the rest of Africa', especially in mining and retail. Can a new AFCFTA be possible? One rooted in fair trade, solidarity and the SDG model with smaller nations? Here responsible diplomacy is needed beyond rhetoric. France and its commitments to Multilateralism and SDGs agenda In the current geopolitical situation, France is ensuring multilateralism and UN norms are adhered to. President Macron's stated position on advancing the two-state solution for Palestine will go a long way in ensuring a peaceful settlement. The Paris AI Safety Summit in February with France committing to a progressive vision for AI rooted in sustainability, inclusion and addressing inequality is progressive and aligned to UN and G20 commitments. The annual Paris Peace Conference is a global platform providing the world with a plethora of progressive ideas -and solutions on a range of key global issues for dialogue. At a bilateral level, a visit to France in early June saw Deputy President Paul Mashile deepen partnerships in areas of investment, development infrastructure, energy and technology. Indonesia, Malaysia and the ASEAN bloc ASEAN nations Indonesia and Malaysia nations offer enormous opportunities. With a population of 250 million, this is a major opportunity in trade especially in small business developments, exports, tourism and culture. Canada and Australia - progressive Commonwealth nations with common values Canada and Australia are fellow Commonwealth nations that currently have progressive governments in power with a deep commitment to multilateralism. Australia's Labour leader and Prime Minister Albanese is an example of smart diplomacy and managing a 'strategic autonomy' balance with major powers in the Asia Pacific region, China and the EU. His domestic agenda is rooted in progressive social policies from climate change to social cohesion. For example, the smartphone ban in Australian schools is seen as a game-changer in regulating social media and youth, a policy Africans can learn from. Canada too has a range of commitments to development aid and investments in skills development across Africa. Both nations are major investors in mining in Africa and committed to the sustainable mining agenda, although much more can be done in terms of human rights and mining. Solidarity and Sustainability in Latin America In Colombia President Gustavo Petro has showed the way of solidarity and banned coal exports to Isreal. The city of Bogota is known to be a model city in terms of urban transport and spatial transformation, something South African metros can draw upon. Chile a progressive social democracy and once a poster child of Chicago-style neoliberalism, now has a solid social democracy increasing well-being and wealth social safety nets, and higher education access. Here South Africa can learn much on how to manage the headwinds of neoliberalism and ensure our eroding social agenda is preserved. Bolivia's socialist government is maturing and learning to be in government. South Africa has cordial relations for two decades. With large reserves in lithium and being in the headwinds of large power competition for resource extractions, South Africa and African nations can better engage Bolivia and Latin American nations in the big development ideas on resource governance and the beneficiation of critical minerals for development, trade and the UN SDG sustainable agenda. While Trump 2.0 tariffs have severely disrupted African nations, neighbours Canada and Mexico, we can learn from Cuba, who for decades have endured the illegal US blockade yet managed to maintain their sovereignty and continue to advance their historical mission and revolution. By contrast, our current tariff challenges are merely a 'walk in the park'. Hence, internationalism and solidarity should still be a core feature of foreign policy while also being smart in navigating partnerships with a diverse range of nations across continents regardless of ideological blocs. However, in order to navigate the 'new nationalist normal' in this chaotic trade geopolitics nexus calls for a new generation of smart and agile diplomats. Smart and sustainable diplomacy and outreach are required by our embassies, chambers of commerce as well as academic institutes and civil society towards a more calibrated trade, investment, solidarity and people-to-people partnerships. We may do well to establish Bi-National Commissions with some of these nations. * Ashraf Patel is a Senior Research Associate at the Institute for Global Dialogue, UNISA. ** The views expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of IOL, Independent Media or The African.
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'If they genuinely cared about transgender and gender-diverse children, they would care about them not being discriminated against. And they would accept the fact that they exist. They want to delay care and withhold any affirmation in the hope that it will go away. This leaves a child with no support. Instead, focus on ensuring that transgender youth don't have to face bullying in schools, and on creating a sense of belonging and safety regardless of a child's gender identity. It is heartbreaking that this argument is used,' says Lynch. De Beer de Beer-Procter adds: 'The harm done is immense. When care is delayed, distress increases. When identity is doubted, trust breaks down. And when young people are forced to prove they are 'really' trans before being believed, they learn that support is conditional and that they must perform their pain in just the right way to be taken seriously. Many give up. Some are forced to seek care in unsafe or underground ways. Others simply learn to disappear. 'What gets called caution is often a refusal to see – or to listen. And while it may protect institutions or adults from feeling uncertain, it leaves trans youth alone in their pain. That's not protection. That's abandonment,' they say. Questioning gender-affirming care under the guise of 'concern' within a society which privileges cisgender people over transgender people is anything but neutral. Power is not distributed evenly when certain groups are afforded more visibility, legitimacy and safety than others – not always because they ask for it, but because systems have been built around their experiences and assumptions. Cisgender people occupy this dominant position. They are not asked to prove their identities, explain their pronouns or justify the healthcare they receive. Their gender is taken for granted as 'normal', 'natural' and the 'default'. Trans people, by contrast, are consistently positioned as questionable. De Beer de Beer-Procter explains: 'Our identities are scrutinised. Our access to care is debated. Our presence in schools, hospitals and public life is treated as controversial. In this context, so-called neutrality doesn't create balance – it reinforces stigma. And it sets back the hard-fought progress we've made in securing gender-affirming care, legal recognition and the basic right to exist without being treated as a problem to solve. What's more, the 'concern' being expressed is rarely based on accurate information. Gender-affirming care is routinely misrepresented as rushed, reckless or automatic – as though thousands of children are being hurried into life-altering decisions. 'But this is simply not true. In South Africa, access to gender-affirming care is already extremely limited. Public provision exists in only a handful of clinics, often with yearslong waiting lists. Only one public clinic in the entire country offers support to trans youth. In the private sector, trained endocrinologists, social workers and mental health professionals are few and far between – and the costs place them far out of reach for most families,' says De Beer-Procter. 'Feminists' to the rescue? Some so-called feminists are also claiming that their rights are in danger. Describing themselves as 'gender critical feminists', they don't support the rights of transgender people. Most notable is JK Rowling, with Helen Zille recently echoing similar talking points in a social media post. 'I don't call them feminists because there is nothing feminist about their views. By upholding deeply misogynistic beliefs, they become complicit in their own oppression,' says Lynch. 'They can't see how something like bathroom bans against trans women is going to hurt all women. Do we really want cisgender women to have to prove that they are 'feminine' enough to be recognised as women? Are we okay with the fact that these gender-critical groups want us to police all women, including cisgender women? They are not feminists, they are not recognising that this absolute attack on transgender women is enforcing patriarchal oppression.' Lynch stresses that protecting rights is not a competition. 'We can and should all fight for cisgender women's rights – in the workplace, in reproductive justice and to ensure safety.' She points out that globally the leading cause of physical and psychological harm to women is violence within their intimate partnerships. 'But this particular flavour of so-called feminism is rooted in whiteness, it is not intersectional. It overlooks the experiences of women facing multiple and overlapping forms of oppression, including those often marginalised within feminist spaces. They cannot see beyond their own privilege. If they could, they would look at the data and fight for the urgent issues affecting all women.' The evidence is there The claim that there's a 'lack of evidence' is one of the most common, and most misleading, arguments used to question gender-affirming care. De Beer-Procter explains: 'We have longitudinal studies, clinical audits, qualitative research and systematic reviews that all point to the same thing: gender-affirming care improves mental health outcomes, reduces distress and increases wellbeing – especially when it's timely, respectful and affirming. 'But no amount of evidence will ever feel like 'enough' to people who aren't actually looking for evidence. For many of the most vocal critics, the real issue isn't about data; it's about belief – that everyone is either male or female, that this is fixed at birth, and that it reflects some 'biological truth'. 'But that belief doesn't hold up to scrutiny. It's not supported by science, and it's certainly not reflective of lived reality. 'We've known for decades that sex and gender are far more complex than two boxes on a form. Intersex people exist. Trans and non-binary people exist. Cultures all over the world have recognised more than two genders for centuries, says De Beer-Procter. So, when anti-trans groups demand 'proof', what they're often doing is moving the goalposts. They dismiss rigorous studies for not being perfect. They discredit researchers for being too close to the communities they study. And they ignore the overwhelming consensus from major medical bodies around the world. Because what's actually being defended isn't science, it's a worldview. A belief that gender diversity is a deviation rather than a natural part of human variation, and one that fuels disinformation and fear across borders. DM
