Three decades after the NT first legalised voluntary assisted dying, Territorians are still waiting on change
For Steve, every day is more painful than the last.
Warning: This story contains graphic details of health conditions.
After four-and-a-half years of medical treatment, the cancer that originated in his lungs is still spreading, while a tumour in his neck bleeds a half-a-litre of blood a week.
At 62 years old, with every medical avenue exhausted, his options are limited.
"I'm looking forward to an agonising number of weeks," he said.
"If I have a fall I'll possibly bleed out here at home. Otherwise I can admit myself to hospital and bleed out there."
Steve, who has asked for his surname not to be used, was in his thirties when the Northern Territory became the first Australian jurisdiction to legalise voluntary assisted dying (VAD) in 1995.
The legalisation was short-lived.
In 1997, federal parliament passed a bill, introduced by Liberal MP Kevin Andrews, that overturned the law and prevented both of Australia's territories from legalising VAD until 2022.
As of 2025, the Northern Territory is Australia's only state or territory without VAD legislation, with the ACT passing laws last year.
At his home in Weddell, a suburb in Darwin's rural area, Steve questions why the process is taking so long.
"I just want the choice to be able to go in my own time, without all the pain that I know I'm going to face. No mess, no fuss basically," he said.
With weeks to live, Steve will admit himself to hospital when the time comes and "try [to] pass as quickly as he can".
"Without VAD that's the only option I have, except for taking my own life, which I don't really want to do," he said.
In 1995, then-chief minister Marshall Perron brought the Rights of the Terminally Ill Bill before the NT parliament.
He said he found his government debating two main groups in opposition — the NT Council of Churches and the Australian Medical Association (AMA).
"The AMA were simply saying that this had never been done before, that these matters should be left to doctors," he said.
Philip Nitschke, a former physician and high-profile VAD advocate who has rallied the medical community to support the practice, said he found the AMA took a "paternalistic" approach to what was a personal issue.
"The argument was that doctors don't end lives, doctors save lives, [and] if you start ending lives it will destroy the so-called doctor-patient relationship," he said.
Thirty years later the AMA has shifted its stance, updating its position statement on VAD to focus on regulation rather than opposition.
The NT Council of Churches, Mr Perron said, was "a different kettle of fish".
In 1995, the group argued VAD was antithetical to foundational Christian values, a position it continues to hold.
The Australian Christian Lobby has repeatedly voiced its opposition to VAD over the years and has implored the current NT Country Liberal Party (CLP) government to consider whether there is demand for such legislation.
The NT's Catholic Bishop in Darwin, Charles Gauci, said he opposed the practice, believing that it was "not an ethical way to go", but had sympathy for people who felt the need to use it.
"We need to provide loving, palliative care for the dying person and their families," he said.
Charles Darwin University senior lecturer Devaki Monani, who in 2023 sat on the expert advisory panel tasked with consulting NT communities on potential VAD legislation, said religion remained a concern for some.
"A lot of people came up to me after the consultation and said 'look, I'm Christian and VAD is at crossroads with my belief systems'," she said.
"It was a big elephant in the room for a lot of community members."
In December 2022, a 25-year ban on the territories' rights to legislate VAD crumbled.
The Restoring Territory Rights Bill, spearheaded by Darwin-based MP Luke Gosling and Canberra MP Alicia Payne, passed the federal Senate, overturning "Andrews bill".
But change has been slow to eventuate in the NT.
The former NT Labor government was criticised for inaction when it said in 2023 it would not progress VAD legislation until at least 2024, after the territory election.
In July 2024, an expert advisory panel commissioned by Labor handed down its final report recommending the government bring back VAD in the NT.
Progress has since stalled again, with the CLP government, elected in August, citing a lack of community consultation for not yet drafting legislation.
Chief Minister Lia Finocchiaro has emphasised the importance of including Indigenous Australians in the consultation process.
"Aboriginal people are very important stakeholders in this conversation," she said this month.
"The original report was consulted on up and down the Stuart Highway in the main towns, it wasn't taken out to remote communities."
Dr Monani said the expert advisory panel's process had included remote Indigenous residents.
"All communities across the territory were given the opportunity to contribute, and Indigenous communities did so too," she said.
According to its final report, the advisory panel held 10 consultation sessions with communities, including the remote towns of Nhulunbuy and Wadeye, and 47 consultations with health, education, community and faith organisations over an eight-month period.
It found 73 per cent of Territorians believed a person should be able to choose when they die.
The report also made several findings on "cultural issues relevant to the NT", including the importance of cross-cultural communication and trauma-informed care.
In May 2025, 30 years after the Rights of the Terminally Ill Bill was legislated, independent MLA Justine Davis brought forward a motion urging the NT government to implement VAD.
On the same day, the government tasked the parliament's Legal and Constitutional Affairs Committee with consulting communities across the Northern Territory on VAD and, if recommended, providing drafting instructions for a new law.
The committee will be required to report back by September 30.
"Today marks a significant victory for people in the Northern Territory," Ms Davis said on the day.
"This decision will bring much needed relief for those who are suffering."
But for Steve, while that news is welcome, any change that comes will be too late.
"I wish it had been available for me but that's not possible. So I just hope the baton will be carried on and people in future won't suffer," he said.
Hashtags

Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles

ABC News
2 hours ago
- ABC News
Thousands receiving ECT without consent
Annie Guest: The mental health treatment known as electroconvulsive therapy is often used as a last resort to address severe depression. Last year, more than 1,700 orders for involuntary electroconvulsive therapy or ECT were approved by tribunals across Australia. Some advocates are raising questions over consent but psychiatrists say those receiving mandatory ECT are too unwell to do so. Geraden Cann reports. Geraden Cann : Rebecca says she remembers fighting her clinical team all the way to the theatre. 'Rebecca': I felt completely helpless, that my body wasn't my own. I felt like I was in a movie. Geraden Cann : She was about to receive electroconvulsive therapy or ECT. 'Rebecca': I was shocked they could actually administer it against my will. Geraden Cann : Rebecca, who's not using her real name for this story, had been experiencing delusions when she was voluntarily admitted to hospital. At one point she tried to go on holiday without any tickets or identification, but shortly after admission she was placed under a treatment order and told she would be having ECT. Her case raises the issue of when authorities should and should not be able to give a person ECT without their consent. Health authorities describe ECT as a safe procedure where the patient is under general anaesthetic. Electrodes are placed on the head and seizures are induced in the brain. Colleen Loo is a clinical psychiatrist and a professor at the University of New South Wales. She's also a former president of the International Society for ECT and Neurostimulation. She says for many patients receiving ECT their symptoms are so severe they've lost touch with reality, including those who pose a risk to their own safety. Colleen Loo: So this person believed that they were in such a terrible state that they lacked internal organs. This was a delusional belief that they had no stomach, no gut, etc. and therefore they could not eat and drink. Now if you continue without eating and drinking you would die in a few days. Medication treatments hadn't worked. It's not a kind of state that you can talk people out of. Talking therapy does not work with delusions. So this person lacked the ability to understand they had an illness. Geraden Cann : She says that patient was put under the Mental Health Act, treated on an involuntary basis, and was completely well after five or six treatments. Colleen Loo: So this is an example of someone who was seriously ill so much so that they lost insight into actually having a mental illness, so could not have chosen ECT treatment even though in this case it was a life-saving treatment. And this is not just a one-off case. This person is very typical of the kind of people we treat in public mental health. Geraden Cann : There are different rules in each state and territory, but most require a tribunal to approve a clinician's request to give a patient involuntary ECT. Those tribunals usually require a patient to be unable to give informed consent and to be admitted to hospital involuntarily. And there's usually a requirement that less restrictive treatments have been tried first. Simon Cotterill is a mental health advocate and has previously been an internal advisor to Victoria's Royal Health Commission into the mental health system. He says while he hasn't represented anyone before the tribunal, he's heard many others describe the process as a rubber-stamping exercise. Simon Katterl: I spoke to people who gave evidence to the Royal Commission. I supported them to give evidence to the Royal Commission. They said that they felt silenced and that the treating team's perspectives were valued over them and their lawyers. People speak a lot about a lack of procedural fairness, that they're not given information in a timely way, even though that there's obligations under mental health legislation for treating teams to do so. Geraden Cann : Katterl points to high ECT application approval rates as evidence tribunals too readily agree with clinicians. In the 2023 to 2024 year, the New South Wales Mental Health Review Tribunal approved 95% of the 749 applications for ECT orders. In Queensland, 92% were approved. Colleen Lu says the approval rates are so high because the doctors and tribunals work closely together, paying attention to the same legal criteria. Colleen Loo: And we've all, when we started off, presented people who we thought needed treatment but the tribunal said, no, we will not approve that. So you learn kind of what is the threshold that the tribunal is likely to approve and we don't present people who are unlikely to meet that threshold. Annie Guest: Clinical psychiatrist, Colleen Loo, ending that report from Geraden Cann.

ABC News
3 hours ago
- ABC News
Warnings about patient safety at Northern Beaches Hospital ignored
It was billed as a state-of-the-art hospital for Sydney's Northern Beaches – but seven years on Northern Beaches hospital is mired in crisis. Tonight 7.30 reveals exclusive whistleblower accounts from inside a hospital on the brink. Hagar Cohen and Hannah Meagher report.

News.com.au
8 hours ago
- News.com.au
Seven in 10 Aussies admit to faking sickie in past year
Seventy per cent of Australians faked a sick day at work in the past year when they were not actually unwell, a new study has found It was estimated sickies cost Australian businesses $7.3bn a year in lost productivity and 24.6 million days off. The study conducted by iSelect found the most common reasons people took a sick day were a lack of sleep, to relax and recharge, mental health or personal issues to deal with family, or relationship problems. The health insurance comparison service found when mental health issues were counted as personal leave, 68 per cent of Australians still admitted to taking a fake sick day. The highest proportion of people pulling a sickie were workers aged 25 to 34 (84.5 per cent). The most significant difference between men and women surveyed was that 26.6 per cent of women used a sick day for a mental health day compared with 19.5 per cent of men. Men 12.9 (per cent) were more likely to take a sick day because they were hungover compared with women (8.5 per cent), but twice as many women (20 per cent) were more likely to take the day off to care for children than men. Other excuses revealed some workers took sick days to attend a special event or they just wanted the day off for general leisure. Others avoided meetings or did not want to go to work because it was raining. iSelect general manager of health Andres Gutierrez said the research found it was very common for Australians to take a sickie at least once a year despite not being physically ill. 'A lack of sleep, wanting to relax and recharge, and mental health are the top three reasons, highlighting how some Australians might choose to prioritise self-care,' he said. 'If you're finding it tough to get a good night's sleep or you're dealing with mental health challenges, it's important to reach out for support.'