Supreme Court Key Rulings: All details about birthright citizenship, Obamacare task force, LGBTQ school books
On Friday, the US Supreme Court issued four major decisions. These rulings involved the Trump administration's
birthright citizenship
proposal, preventive health care coverage, rural internet funding and religious objections to LGBTQ-themed books in schools. Each ruling came through a 6-3 vote, mostly along ideological lines.
Birthright Citizenship
The Court allowed the Trump administration to take steps toward ending automatic birthright citizenship. In a 6-3 ruling, it limited the use of nationwide injunctions. Judges may now issue injunctions only for parties involved in the lawsuit.
Justice Amy Coney Barrett wrote that courts should not exceed their authority, even if they find executive actions unlawful. She added that lower courts must quickly decide how wide any injunction should be.
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This ruling does not decide the legality of the policy itself. The Trump order redefines birthright citizenship, making it available only to children of US citizens or legal residents. The 14th Amendment currently guarantees citizenship to almost anyone born in the country, except children of diplomats.
Justice Sonia Sotomayor, in her dissent, called the ruling a threat to the rule of law. She urged plaintiffs to file class action suits, which the ruling still permits.
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The executive order remains blocked in New Hampshire due to a separate case. Still, the decision allows the proposal to move ahead in other states.
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Obamacare Task Force
In another 6-3 ruling, the Court upheld the authority of a government task force under the Affordable Care Act. The task force recommends preventive services that insurers must cover at no cost.
The challenge came from Christian-owned businesses. They argued that the task force held unchecked power because its members were not Senate-confirmed. The Court disagreed.
About 150 million Americans currently receive free preventive services under this arrangement. These include screenings and medications related to cancer, HIV, and cholesterol.
Justices Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, and Neil Gorsuch dissented. They questioned the structure and influence of the task force.
Internet Subsidy Program
The Court upheld the Universal Service Fund (USF), which supports phone and internet access in rural areas, schools and hospitals. The decision rejected a challenge from Consumers' Research, which claimed Congress gave too much authority to the FCC and a private company.
The fund, started in 1996, distributes about $8 billion a year. It supports low-income users and underserved communities.
Justice Elena Kagan wrote for the majority. She said the funding structure does not violate the Constitution. Justices Gorsuch, Thomas and Alito dissented.
The decision keeps the USF intact. Both the Biden and Trump administrations defended the program.
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LGBTQ Books in Schools
The Court sided with parents who objected to their children reading LGBTQ-themed books in Maryland elementary schools. The 6-3 ruling found that the school board's refusal to offer opt-outs violated religious rights.
Justice Samuel Alito wrote that denying opt-outs placed a burden on parents' right to exercise their religion. The books include stories involving same-sex marriage and transgender identity.
The case arose after a school board revised its English curriculum in 2022 to reflect diverse families. Initially, opt-outs were offered but later withdrawn.
The plaintiffs included Muslim, Catholic and Orthodox Christian families. A federal judge and appeals court had sided with the school board, but the Supreme Court reversed that decision.
FAQs
What did the Supreme Court decide about birthright citizenship?
The Court allowed the Trump administration to proceed by limiting court injunctions, without ruling on whether the plan itself is constitutional.
How did the Court rule on preventive health coverage?
The Court upheld a task force's authority under the ACA to mandate no-cost preventive services, benefiting over 150 million Americans.
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