From 'Look East' to 'Act East', India emerging a key player in Indian Ocean region
Unveiled by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in March 2015 during the commissioning of the Mauritius Coast Guard vessel Barracuda, the SAGAR framework underscored the Indian Ocean's critical role -- carrying two-thirds of global oil shipments and hosting 40 per cent of the world's population along its shores.
The policy prioritised the security of India's mainland and island territories, deepening cooperation with maritime neighbours, promoting sustainable development, and enhancing regional maritime engagement.
Complemented domestically by the Sagarmala port-led development initiative, SAGAR, marked India's shift from a continental to a maritime outlook.
Over the years, the Indian Navy has built strong credentials as a "net security provider" in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), responding to disasters such as the 2004 tsunami, Cyclone Nargis in 2008, and the Maldives' 2014 water crisis, while strengthening ties through joint exercises, capacity building, and humanitarian missions.
India's maritime diplomacy has grown into robust Indo-Pacific engagement.
Since the 2018 Shangri-La Dialogue, where PM Modi articulated India's vision for a free, open, inclusive Indo-Pacific with ASEAN centrality, New Delhi has launched initiatives such as the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) and deepened ties through the Quad.
Regional engagement extends through forums like the East Asia Summit, Indian Ocean Rim Association, Indian Ocean Naval Symposium, Colombo Security Conclave, and MILAN exercises, along with white shipping agreements and the Information Fusion Centre--IOR in Gurugram.
The Ministry of External Affairs' 2024 Annual Report underlined multi-faceted engagement with ASEAN and other regional bodies, highlighting the upgrade of India–ASEAN ties to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and cooperation in trade, technology, and cultural exchange.
In March 2025, marking a decade since SAGAR's launch, PM Modi unveiled MAHASAGAR -- Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions -- in Mauritius.
While SAGAR focused on the IOR, MAHASAGAR expands the vision globally, with particular emphasis on partnerships across the Global South.
It signals India's intent to be a "preferred security partner" and a driver of inclusive maritime growth worldwide.
From safeguarding regional waters to shaping global maritime norms, India's journey from SAGAR to MAHASAGAR reflects its transformation into a proactive, responsible maritime power with ambitions stretching far beyond its own shores.
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The Wire
11 minutes ago
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Delhi: Exhibition on India's Freedom Struggle Celebrates Inclusive Nationalism and Women Freedom Fighters
S.N. Sahu At a time when India's history is being distorted by the Modi regime, the exhibition celebrates the roles played by Hindus, Muslims, Christians and people of other religious persuasions in freeing India from colonial rule. ' Hamaara Itihaas – Archives of Freedom Fighters', the exhibition organised and curated by Sagari Chhabra, is quite fascinating and captures the saga of freedom struggle and its manifold aspects. Organised at the Art Gallery, Kamaladevi Complex, India International Centre, 40 Max Mueller Marg in Delhi, it is open for public viewing from August 9, 2025, and will run till August 23, 2025. The defining aspects of the exhibition is centered around the role of women freedom fighters in different phases of our struggle for independence. First provisional government of India It is tragic that India's history is being distorted by the Modi regime, and the Moghul period is being depicted in NCERT books as brutal, in negation of the historical accounts showing the commonalities of people of that period, regardless of faiths they pursued. It is in this context that the exhibition assumes significance, for it celebrates the roles played by Hindus, Muslims, Christians and people of other religious persuasions in freeing India from colonial rule. It is educative that the exhibition, while explaining the commencement of the first war of independence in India in 1857, and some of the struggles preceding that, explores details of the lesser known first provisional government of independent India, established in 1915 in Afghanistan by Maharaja Mahendra Pratap. A respected figure of our history, he followed an inclusive approach and it was evident from the very composition of that government, of which he was the President, Maulana Barkatullah, the prime minister, and Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi, the home minister. The objective of the provisional government was to liberate India from British rule. For the daring act of leading a government outside India, Mahendra Pratap faced sedition charges and his properties were confiscated. Ultimately, he left the country and worked outside India for its freedom. In his weekly journal, titled Young India, Mahatma Gandhi wrote on July 14, 1929: 'Raja Mahendra Pratap is a great patriot. For the sake of the country, this noble man has chosen exile as his lot.' Pratap was a member of the first Lok Sabha and defeated Atal Bihari Vajpayee in the elections. In 1929, Mahendra Pratap sent a letter to Gandhi, outlining the idea of non-violence. He wrote, ' Ahimsa, as I understand it, is not to give pain to anybody in mind or body by one's thought, talk or action. However, to be a follower of this principle does not stop here. A follower of ahimsa has to change all those conditions under which himsa is practised or becomes possible. I call it worst kind of himsa, opposite of ahimsa, when a man tolerates or aids himsa of others. Many people in India today deliver some very fine sermons on the beauties of ahimsa; however, they do little to destroy the himsa of the British.' Elsewhere, Mahendra Prata wrote, 'In the true spirit of ahimsa, I cannot force my will on others'. That utterance is intensely relevant for India which, after 2014, is witnessing violent imposition of majoritarianism, with minorities being attacked and many lives being snuffed out in the name of what they eat, how they dress and who they worship. As I visited Sagari Chchabra's curated exhibition and saw at the very beginning a picture of Mahendra Pratap, I was reminded of Gandhi and Pratap's nuanced reflections on non-violence. In no exhibition on freedom struggle have I ever seen any depiction of the first provisional government before. It preceded the provisional government headed by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose as prime minister in late 1940s. Global scope of freedom movement It is quite fascinating to see the exhibition showcasing oral testimonies, photos, audio, video and film recordings of freedom struggle which covered in its scope not just India but also Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar and many other European countries and Canada. It is delightful to see photos and documents from London, Paris, Geneva, Stuttgart, San Francisco and other places, showing that India's freedom struggle was both revolutionary and non-violent. The exhibition also showcased rare documents of the papers ' Bande Mataram' and ' Talvar ', started by Madam Bhikaiji Cama, a Parsi, who for the first time hoisted a version of the Indian flag outside India, at the International Socialist Conference in Stuttgart. The depiction of the Ghadar Party, based in Vancouver and San Francisco, in the exhibition is also very captivating. Netaji and the Indian National Army It is well known that Netaji Subhas Bose was described by Mahatma Gandhi as a prince among patriots and so, the exhibition, with its special section on Netaji's phenomenal role in freeing India from British rule, is very impactful. In addition to casting light on the Netaji-led provisional government, the exhibition specially focuses attention on Rani Jhansi regiment of Indian National Army (INA), the first regiment of the world, entirely consisting of women and led by Captain Lakshmi Sahgal. The spirit of INA was so infectious in inspiring women that a lady freedom fighter's words from that period, that 'sarees should go to hell' and 'what ladies needed were uniforms, caps, belts and boots to fight for liberation of India' summed up the temper of that time. Trial of INA heroes The trial of INA heroes Colonel Prem Sahgal, Colonel Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon and Major-General Shah Nawaz Khan became a trial of the British empire. British intelligence officer Hugh Toy, in his book The Springing Tiger, paid tribute to Netaji and wrote that that trial and subsequent Naval Mutiny hastened the independence of India. While explaining to the visitors about the exhibition, Sagari said that when the three heroes were put on trial, the slogan of that time – 'Lal Quila Se Aai Awaj, Sahagal, Dhilon and Shah Nawaj (A voice rose from the Red Fort, of Sehgal, Dhillon and Shah Nawaz)' – stirred new heights of inclusive nationalism for people Gandhian era Finally, the section on Mahatma Gandhi in the exhibition shows how women, and that too ordinary women from all parts of India, willingly participated in the freedom struggle because of Gandhi's non-violence movement for the freedom of India. This section depicts specifically the Dandi March of 1930 launched by Gandhi to break the iniquitous salt law, preventing Indians from manufacturing salt, and achieve independence. A multitude of women joined the Salt Satyagraha, the exhibition shows, breaking the salt law with the march that shook the British empire by the sheer strength unleashed by totally unarmed men and women. Gandhi, who was arrested and put behind bars, was declared 'Man of the Year' by the Time magazine in 1930. The exhibition also screens the documentary film, ' Asli Azaadi', directed by Sagari Chhabra, 1999, on women freedom fighters. In these trying times, when history is distorted and people operating the state apparatus are deriding the values of freedom struggle, this exhibition serves not just as inspiration but also as education. The Wire is now on WhatsApp. Follow our channel for sharp analysis and opinions on the latest developments. Advertisement
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21 minutes ago
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